ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Persea americana Mill., Lauraceae, commonly known as the avocado, is native to tropical and subtropical regions, including Brazil. From the leaves of P. americana, one previously undescribed flavonol glycoside (1) together with ten known flavonoids (2-11), four megastigmane glycosides (12-15) and two lignans (16-17) were isolated. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D- and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry data. This is the first investigation that reports megastigmane glycoside and lignan classes within the genus Persea. All the isolated compounds have been assessed through the cell survival of larval zebrafish following neomycin-induced damage and the cell viability of a House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 mouse auditory cell line. Among the tested compounds, juglanin (2) and (+)-lyoniresinol (16) showed significant cell regeneration in neomycin-damaged hair cell without cellular toxicity.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Dichocarpum auriculatum, an endangered perennial herb, is endemic to China and has been used as folk medicines for the treatment of cough, hepatitis, scrofula, and epilepsy. However, there is no phytochemical report on this herbal so far. For the resource development and protective importance of this endangered medicinal plant, a phytochemical study was undertaken. Methods: The chemical constituents were purified by silica gel column, Sephadex LH-20 column, and semi-preparative reversed phase HPLC. NMR and MS spectra were used for structural identification. Results: Thirteen compounds were isolated from D. auriculatum. Their structures were characterized as jatrorrhizine (1), berberine (2), steponine (3), magnoflorine (4), coclauril (5), menisdaurin (6), menisdaurilide (7), aquilegiolide (8), (6R, 9S)-3-oxo-α-ionol-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), blumenol C glucoside (10), palmitic acid (11), dibutylphthalate (12), and auriculatum A (13). Conclusion: Compound 13 is a new diester terephthalate derivative. All the compounds are obtained from the genus Dichocarpum for the first time, and compounds 9 and 10 have potential chemotaxonomic significance to the genus Dichocarpum.