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Resumo Objetivo Analisar a influência do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem no desempenho acadêmico de estudantes de enfermagem. Métodos Estudo quantitativo, retrospectivo, com dados secundários provenientes de 108 estudantes do primeiro ano da graduação em enfermagem, obtidos por meio de um ambiente virtual de aprendizado (e-Disciplinas). Os indicadores foram: número de acessos ao ambiente virtual, número de materiais acessados, número de tarefas obrigatórias realizadas, número de tentativas e de acertos no quiz e nota final na disciplina. Foram empreendidos o teste de Mann-Whitney e o teste de correlação de Spearman, utilizando software para análise estatística. Resultados Identificaram-se 92% de adesão ao quiz e correlação positiva entre o número de acertos e a nota final. Além disso, houve correlação positiva entre o número de acessos ao ambiente virtual, o número de acertos no quiz e a nota final da disciplina. A nota final também foi correlacionada com o número de materiais acessados e o número de tarefas obrigatórias realizadas. Conclusão A utilização do ambiente virtual como estratégia de apoio na disciplina apresentou impacto positivo no desempenho acadêmico dos alunos, sugerindo ser um facilitador para o fortalecimento da autonomia e do protagonismo do discente em seu desenvolvimento e em seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Resumen Objetivo Analizar la influencia del ambiente virtual de aprendizaje en el desempeño académico de estudiantes de enfermería. Métodos Estudio cuantitativo, retrospectivo, con datos secundarios originarios de 108 estudiantes del primer año del grado en enfermería, logrados por medio de un ambiente virtual de aprendizaje (e-Disciplinas). Los indicadores fueron: número de accesos al ambiente virtual, número de materiales a los que se accedió, número de tareas obligatorias realizadas, número de intentos y de aciertos en el quiz y en la calificación final en la asignatura. Se realizaron las pruebas de Mann-Whitney y la prueba de correlación de Spearman, utilizando software para el análisis estadístico. Resultados Se identificó el 92 % de adherencia al quiz y correlación positiva entre el número de aciertos y la calificación final. Además, hubo una correlación positiva entre el número de accesos al ambiente virtual, el número de aciertos en el quiz y la calificación final de la asignatura. La calificación final también se correlacionó con el número de materiales a los que se accedió y el número de tareas obligatorias realizadas. Conclusión La utilización del ambiente virtual como estrategia de apoyo en la asignatura mostró un impacto positivo en el desempeño académico de los alumnos, lo que sugiere que sea un facilitador para el fortalecimiento de la autonomía y del protagonismo del discente en su desarrollo y en su proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Abstract Objective To analyze the influence of the virtual learning environment on the academic performance of nursing students. Methods Quantitative, retrospective study, with secondary data from 108 first-year undergraduate nursing students, obtained through a virtual learning environment (e-Disciplinas). The indicators were: number of accesses to the virtual environment, number of materials accessed, number of mandatory tasks performed, number of attempts and correct answers in the quiz, and final grade in the course. The Mann-Whitney test and the Spearman correlation test were performed using software for statistical analysis. Results 92% adherence to the quiz and a positive correlation between the number of correct answers and the final grade were identified. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the number of accesses to the virtual environment, the number of correct answers in the quiz, and the final grade in the course. The final grade was also correlated with the number of materials accessed and the number of mandatory tasks performed. Conclusion The use of the virtual environment as a support strategy in the course had a positive impact on students' academic performance, suggesting that it facilitates the strengthening of the students' autonomy and protagonism in their development and their teaching-learning process.
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Humans , Students, Nursing , Teaching , Teaching Materials , Educational Technology , Education, Distance/methods , Mobile Applications , Academic PerformanceABSTRACT
Objective To measure the handgrip strength of Tibetan adults in Lhasa, and to explore its changing trends and characteristics. This provides a basis for the determination of the Tibetan grip strength reference value. Methods China (Xiangshan) CAMRY EH101 electronic gripper measured the grip strength of healthy Tibetan adults aged 20-70 in Chengguan District of Lhasa City. There were a total of 760 respondents (310 males and 450 females). After stratifying them by age and gender, they analyzed their changes. Results The average handgrip strength of male Tibetan adults aged 20-69 in Lhasa was (34. 50±8. 36) kg. The median male grip strength was 35 kg. The grip strength reached the peak (39. 87 kg) in the 20- group. From the 40- group, the grip strength value decreased with age. The average grip strength of female Tibetan adults was (21. 54±5. 73) kg. The median female grip strength is 22 kg. There was no significant difference in grip strength between the ages of 20- and 40-.The grip strength reached a peak (23.41 kg) in the 40- group. From the 50- group, the grip strength value decreased with age. The average grip strength of Tibetan adults in Lhasa was ( 26. 83 ± 9.41) kg, and the median grip strength was 26 kg. The average grip strength of males in the same age group was higher than that of females. The hand grip strength decreased with increasing altitude (P<0. 05). Conclusion There is a difference in gender and age in hand grip, and it is also affected by altitude.
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Objective To research the physical development of ancient inhabitants in the Neolithic Age. Methods Referring to Anthropometric Method , the main projects including humerus, tibia and femur of 108 human bone specimens unearthed from Wanggou site have been measured respectively. The limb bone index, sexual dimorphism and height have been compared and analyzed by Excel software. Results The overall development level of humerus and femur was higher than that of the control group in the same period and weaker than that of the Inner Mongolian group. The development of the middle femur was weaker than that of the control groups, with less muscle attachment. The difference in the brawniness of humerus between the genders was statistically significant (i = 0. 811, P>0. 05) , while the difference in the brawniness of femur was just the opposite (t = 0. 63, P>0. 05 ). The maximum variation range of the male femur was 40. 6 to 49. 4 cm, which was at a moderate low level in the control group. The average height of male was 166. 22 cm, ranging from 164. 47-167.68 cm. The average height of female was 158.06 cm, ranging from 154.02-160.34 cm; There was a significant difference in height between the genders (i = 4. 96, P<0. 01).The height of male is close to the south China group, lower than the comparison group in the same region and the north region, and that of female is at a higher level in the south region. The sexual dimorphism index of Wanggou formation was 5. 7 %. Conclusion The humerus, tibia and femur of the male in Wanggou group are stronger than that of the female, while the upper limbs of the male were stronger than that of the female, and there was no significant difference in the strength of the lower limbs. We suggest that there is no significant difference in nutrition between male and female of Wanggou site during their growth.
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Objective To study the anatomical and morphological characteristics of the subtalar joint surface and to explore its clinical significance. Methods Totally 365 dry calcaneus specimens (sex, age unknown) were selected. Its long axis sum and the short axis sum were measured using Vernier caliper. The Gissane's angle (the angle was formed by two lines along the anterior and posterior articular surfaces of calcaneus respectively) and the Bohler's angle (the angular measurement was formed by a line from the posterior calcaneal margin to the margin of the posterior facet and a second line from the margin of the posterior facet to the superior margin of the anterior calcaneal process) were measured using Goniometer. Results According to the anatomical morphology, the subtalar joint surface can be divided into 5 types: type I (189, 51.78%), type II (80, 21.92%), type III (5 1, 13.97%), type IV (37, 10.14%) and type V (8, 2. 19%). The long axis sum of type III (4. 55±0. 6) cm was significantly smaller than other types (P 0. 05). Conclusion In this experiment, there are five variations in the articular surface of calcaneal talus, mainly type I, and its anatomical morphological classification has certain guiding significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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[Objective]Traumatic pneumothorax in acupuncture treatment should be avoided. This study was designed to detect the safe depth of the thoracic area with acupuncture and was compared with other studies in the past. <BR>[Methods]The Subjects were 187 cases, male: 90, female: 97, mean age: 67.8 (min-max: 23-91) and classified into 3groups (thin, normal, fatty) from BMI. MultiCT images were filmed in 3anatomical levels (the tracheal point (TP), scapular point (SP), shortest point (MsP) of the thoracic area and the distance between the skin and lung tissue on the display was measured (Osirixver3. statistics:ANOVA). <BR>[Results]The distance between the skin and lung tissue were, average ±SD, TP 3.01 ± 0.79, SP 2.34 ± 0.65, MsP 2.14 ± 0.61 cm. The longest distance was 5.5 cm (TP), and the shortest was 0.9 cm (MsP). The differences between the body depths and TP and SP, and MsP were statistically significant (TP >SP >MsP). There was a positive correlation between BMI and body depth, and a negative correlation between age and body depth. From an anatomical point of view, TP seemed to coincide with BL38, SP seemed to coincide with BL40, and MsP seemed to coincide with BL41 or BL42.<BR>[Conclusions]MultiCT was very useful for a measurement of the distance between skin and lung tissue scientifically. The results of this study were almost in agreement with other studies in the past. The results are informative in showing that the risk of traumatic pneumothorax might be reduced clinically. But it is too difficult to confirm what is a safe depth, and it is recommended to measure the body depth under the conditions that include clinical problems, for example, the positioning in the treatment of acupuncture. The concept of safe depth should be changed to a dangerous depth with acupuncture treatment.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of PKC? antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) administered intrathecally on the hyperalgesia induced by chronic constructive injury (CCI) and to investigate the underlying mechanism.Methods Twenty four female SD rats weighing 150-180 g were used. CCI was produced by 4 loose ligatures placed on the right sciatic nerve. A catheter was inserted into subarachnoid space at L3-4 for intrathecal drug or normal saline(NS) administration. Three days after intrathecal catheter implantation when the function of the animal's lower limbs recovered, NS or drug was injected through the catheter every day for 6 days. Then the animals were decapitated and the lumbar segment (L2-6 ) of the spinal cord was removed. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups of 6 animals : Ⅰ CCI + NS (group C); Ⅱ CCI + PKC? sense oligonucleotide (SOON) 20 ?g (group S); Ⅲ CCI + ASODN 5 ?g (group A1) and Ⅳ CCI + ASODN 20 ?g(group A2). The mechanical withdrawal threshold was assessed by Von Frey hair stimulation. The expression of PKC? and PKCa protein in the spinal cord was determined using Western blot. Results The threshold to Von Frey hair stimulation was significantly reduced after sciatic nerve ligation. Intrathecal ASODN administration significantly reduced the hyperalgesia induced by CCI in group A1 and A2 in a dose-dependent manner as compared with group C. The expression of PKCy protein in lumbar spinal cord was significantly lower in group A1 and A2 than in group C. There was no significant difference in PKCa protein expression among the four groups. Conclusion The hyperalgesia induced by CCI can be decreased by intrathecal administration of PKCy antisense oligonucleotide. The reduction in expression of PKCy protein may be involved in the mechanism.