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Objective To determine the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer and its clinical significance so as to detect the biological markers of different molecular subtypes of breast cancer.Methods We divided 100 breast cancer patients into four molecular subtypes by immunostaining:luminal subtype,HER-2(+)subtype,basal-like (BLs)subtype and normal breast-like (NBLs)subtype,and then compared the expression of MIF in the groups.We analyzed the associations of MIF-positive expression rate with age,menstruation,tumor size,auxiliary lymph node metastasis,histological type and grade,and clinical stage of the breast cancer patients.We also compared MVD level and 5-year overall survival rate between MIF-positive patients and MIF-negative ones.Results The positive expression of MIF was correlated with HER2(+)subtype breast cancer and auxiliary lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05 ).The patients with MIF-positive expression had a significantly higher level of MVD than those with MIF-negative expression (P < 0.05 ). Kaplan-Meier method showed that MIF-positive patients had a poor prognosis than MIF-negative ones (Log-rank=1 9.5 1 6,P = 0.000).Conclusion Breast cancer patients with MIF-positive expression may be mostly of HER2 (+)subtype,and tend to develop auxiliary lymph node metastasis.These patients have a significantly higher level of MVD and poor prognosis than those with MIF-negative expression.
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Objective To investigate the expressions of cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2 ),vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),matrix metalloproteinase (MMP2 )and micro-vessel density (MVD)in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC)and the relationship between their expressions and clinicopathological features,so as to evaluate the malignancy and prognosis of PTC.Methods The expressions of COX-2,MMP2 and VEGF and MVD count in 32 cases of PTC and 18 cases of normal thyroid tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining.Their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.Results ① The expression of COX-2,MMP2, VEGF and MVD in PTC was as follows:M(Q 3 -Q 1 )=5(1),M(Q 3 -Q 1 )=5.5(2),M(Q 3 -Q 1 )=5.5(1)and M (Q 3 -Q 1 )= 28 (5.75 ),respectively.It differed significantly from that in control group (P 0.5).Conclusion The high expressions of COX-2, VEGF and MMP2 in thyroid tissues may result in the occurrence of PTC and lymph node metastasis,which is related to the regulation of tumor new vessels.Detecting these expressions are of value in evaluating the malignancy and prognosis of PTC.
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Objective To observe the expression of Neuropilin (NRP)-1, 2, to calculate micro vessel density (MVD) in colorectal cancer, paraneoplastic tissues, normal tissues, and to investigate the correlation between NRP-1, 2 and MVD to understand the role of NRP-1, 2 in the process of tumor angiogenesis. Methods Expression of NRP-1 and NRP-2 were studied by immunohistochemistry in 66 specimens from colorectal cancer, paraneoplastic tissues and normal tissues. MVD was assessed based on CD105 immunohistochical staining. Results (1) The positive expression of NRP-1, 2 in colorectal cancer, paraneoplastic tissues, normal tissues were 71.2%, 25.8%, 0;80.3%, 15.2%, 0 respectively. There was a statistical difference between them (P0.05). (4) The MVD value had no correlation with the gender or age of patients, tumor size, position, histological types (P>0.05), but had a good correlation with infiltrating depth, lymphatic metastasis and Dukes staging (P<0.05). (5) There was a positive correlation between NRP-1, 2 and MVD value (P<0.01). Conclusion NRP-1, 2 may play an important role in the angiogenesis of the colorectal cancer, and it correlates with the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer closely.
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Objective To explore the influence and clinical significance of chemotherapy on the expressions of micro-vessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in pediatric difficult removal solid tumor.Methods From Jan.2002 to Jan.2012,totally 80 cases of the hospitalized pediatric patients with solid tumor (Ⅲ b-Ⅳb stage) were enrolled in this study in Department of Pediatric Surgery of the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University.All of the tumors were identified as difficult removal malignant tumor by imageology and physical examinations.After biopsy of the tumors,these patients were divided into neuroblastoma group (25 cases),hepatoblastoma group (25cases) and Wilms' tumor group (30 cases).All patients in these 3 groups underwent chemotherapy respectively according to their different pathologic findings,thereafter,the tumor resections were performed.The resection rates of tumor in each groups were recorded and the expressions of MVD and VEGF between preoperative biopsy and postoperative specimens were detected and compared by immunohistochemistry in different groups.Results With chemotherapy,the resection rate of neuroblastoma was 80.00％ (20/25 cases),hepatoblastoma was 92.00％ (23/25 cases) and Wilms' tumor was 96.67％ (29/30 cases).There was no significant difference among them (x2 =4.286,P =0.117).Before chemotherapy,the positive expressions of VEGF in neuroblastoma,hepatoblastoma and Wilms' tumor were 80.00％ (20/25 cases),90.00％ (18/20 cases) and 83.33％ (25/30 cases) respectively,at the same time,the values of MVD were 48.39 ± 15.87,52.16 ± 16.12 and 46.82 ± 19.07.After chemotherapy,the expressions of VEGF and MVD in neuroblastoma,hepatoblastoma and Wilms' tumor were 52.00％ (13/25 cases),45.00％ (9/20 cases),30.00％ (9/30 cases) and 31.31 ± 14.21,25.19 ± 15.31 and 29.06 ± 13.05.Compared with the expressions of them in each group before chemotherapy,significant differences were found (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Chemotherapy can efficiently promote the resection rate for pediatric difficult removal solid tumor.MVD and VEGF can be considered as the markers in evaluating the outcomes of chemotherapy and promoting the resection rate of tumors.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the expression of VEGF and the lymph node metastasis of colorectal carcinoma.MethodsVEGF was detected by immunohistochemistry in 24 cases of colorectal carcinoma with lymph node metastasis and 16 case of colorectal carcinoma without lymph node metastasis.CD34 was used as a marker to evaluate the MVD.All the data were analyzed using 10.1 statistical package.The comparison was performed by x2 test and Spearman rank correlation analysis.The level of significance is α =0.05.Resultsin the 40 cases of colorectal carcinoma,24 cases encountered lymph node metastasis with an MVD (40.65 ± 11.80) and 21 cases were VEGF positive (87.5％).In the 16 cases without metastasis,the MVD was (25.02 ± 11.52) and 4 cases were VEGF positive (25.0％).MVD and VEGF were significantly different between thecases with lymph node metastasis and those without (t =-4.138,x2 =16.00,P ＜0.01 ).In the 40 cases,there were 25 cases with positive VEGF with an MVD (41.33 ± 11.61 ) and 15 cases with negative VEGF with and MVD (22.84 ±8.88).The difference between the cases with positive VEGF and those with negative VEGF (t =5.301,P ＜0.05 ).VEGF level was positive correlated with MVD in the colon cancer ( rs =0.539,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion VEGF may play a role in promoting the lymph node metastasis of colorectal carcinoma
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Histological classification and grading are prime procedures in the management of patients with astrocytoma, providing vital data for therapeutic decision making and prognostication. However, it has limitations in assessing biological tumor behavior. This can be overcome by using newer immunohistochemical techniques. This study was carried out to compare proliferative indices using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), extent of p53 expression and micro vessel morphometric parameters in patients with low grade and anaplastic astrocytoma. Twenty-five patients, each of grade II and grade III astrocytoma were evaluated using monoclonal antibodies to PCNA, p53 protein and factor VIII related antigen. PCNA, p53-labeling indices were calculated along with micro vessel morphometric analysis using Biovis Image plus Software. Patients with grade III astrocytoma had higher PCNA and p53 labeling indices as compared with grade II astrocytoma (29.14 plus/minus 9.87% vs. 16.84 plus/minus 6.57%, p 0.001; 18.18 plus/minus 6.14% vs. 6.14 plus/minus 7.23%, p 0.001, respectively). Micro vessel percentage area of patients with grade III astrocytoma was also (4.26 plus/minus 3.70 vs. 1.05 plus/minus 0.56, p 0.001), higher along with other micro vessel morphometric parameters. Discordance between histology and one or more IHC parameters was seen in 5/25 (20%) of patients with grade III astrocytoma and 9/25 (36%) of patients with grade II disease. PCNA and p53 labeling indices were positively correlated with Pearson's correlation, p less than 0.001 for both). Increased proliferative fraction, genetic alterations and neovascularization mark biological aggressiveness in astrocytoma. Immunohistochemical evaluation scores over meet the challenge of accurate prognostication of this potentially fatal malignancy.
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Aims : The purpose of this study was to count the number of lymphatic channels present in colorectal adenocarcinoma and correlate it with site, size, and stage of tumor, lymph node metastasis. Material and Methods: A total of 29 cases of colorectal carcinomas were retrieved from the archives of the pathology department, School of Medical Sciences. One paraffin block containing tumor was selected from each case. Sections of three to five micron thickness were cut from this paraffin block and stained using the monoclonal antibody D2-40[DAKO] specifically to stain lymphatic channel endothelium in normal and neoplastic tissue. The highest number of lymphatic channels in an area of 0.196mm 2 [high power field] was counted in each tumor using NIKON microscope. These findings were correlated with the clinical parameters and also with lymph node metastasis. Statistical software used: SPSS version 11. Results : The highest density of lymphatic channels in colorectal carcinoma was counted after identifying the appropriate "hot spot". The lymphatic channel density was in the range of 15 - 50/ 0.196 mm 2 [high power field]. There was poor association of this lymphatic channel density with site, size, and stage of tumor and also with lymph node metastasis. This result is in concordance with results of studies done elsewhere. Conclusion : In this study no significant association was seen between lymphatic channel density and site, size, stage and lymph node metastasis in colorectal carcinoma. This indicates that lymphatic channel proliferation does not influence tumor aggressiveness. Further studies are needed to validate our findings.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of pre-operative intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy on colorectal Cancer.Methods 35 patients with colorectal cancer,treated by surgery were divided into two groups randomly.There were 20 patients in group A(pre-operative intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy) and 15 in group B(control).Arterial contrast technique Was used in group A then mitromye in 10mg,5-Fu 1000mg epirubic in 60mg were given through Weidner way-Results Microveasel density in the center,surface of the tumor and adjacent tissue around the tunlor were (40.46±7.06),(52.27±18.40),(49.92±8.15) in group A,and (46.09±12.21),(73.44±22.06),(51.94±12.64)in group B.Microvessel density on the surface in group A was significantly lower than that of group B(P＜0.05),with no significance between the center and the adjacent tissue.Conclusion Pre-operative intraarterial infusion chemotherapy is able to reduce micro-vessel density on the surface of eolorectal tumor.
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Objective To study the relationship between intra-tumor micro vessel density (MVD) clinic opathological features and prognosis of patients with hapatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Methods 30 cases of pathological sections undergone radical surgery for HCC,were evaluated after HE staining and anti-CD 34 monoclonal antibody immuno-histochemical staining. The number of endothelia cells stained by anti-CD34 antibody was counted. The relationship between MVD and survival rate afte roperation was evaluated. Results The surviva Irate was significantly lower in the tumor of larger size, poor stage and higher MVD than that in the other group(P
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Objective: To investigate the changes and significance of microvessel density(MVD) in bone marrow of patients with aplastic anemia. Methods: 30 aplastic anemia cases,20 hyperplastic anemia cases,and 20 normal individuals′ paraffin-embedded bone marrow biopsys were stained with HE and CD34 by immunohistochemistry method respectively;and the vol% of hematopoietic tissue area in bone marrows were detected accordingly. Results:The difference between the MVD of HE and CD34 was not significant in aplastic anemia cases ,and the difference between the MVD of HE and CD34 was not significant in normal individuals either. While the MVD of HE was significantly lower than that of CD34 in hyperplastic anemia cases. The difference of the MVD between light and heavy pathogenetic condition in aplastic anemia cases was significant.The MVD of CD34 were significantly different among the cases of aplastic anemia, hyperplastic anemia,and normal individuals.The MVD showed significant linear correlation with the vol% of hematopoietic tissue area (r=0.74,P
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Objective To study the significance of expression of c-met protein in gastric cancer tissue and to explore the correlation between c-met and micro-vessel density (MVD). Methods c-met protein and MVD in gastric cancerous tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry in 47 patients. Results The positive rate of c-met in gastric tissue was 85.1%. The expression of c-met was much higher in patients with tumor diameter larger than 5cm, with deeper invasion, regional lymph nodes metastasis, lymph vessel and venous invasion, and TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (P