ABSTRACT
Malignant hypertension seems to be the consequence of very high blood pressure. Furthermore, an increase in sympathetic and renin-angiotensin system activity is considered to be the main mechanisms producing malignant hypertension. In the present study, 10 offspring of malignant hypertensive (OMH) parents (age 28 ± 5 years, 7 males, 3 females, 2 white and 8 non-white) and 10 offspring of normotensive (ONT) parents (age 28 ± 6 years, 2 males, 8 females, 3 white and 7 non-white) were evaluated. The OMH group had significantly higher (P < 0.05) casual blood pressure (125 ± 10/81 ± 5 mmHg) compared with ONT (99 ± 13/67 ± 5 mmHg). The increase in blood pressure was greater in OMH (Ä SBP = 17 ± 2 vs Ä SBP = 9 ± 1 mmHg in ONT) during cold pressor testing, but they had a lower increase in heart rate (Ä HR = 13 ± 2 vs Ä HR = 20 ± 3 bpm in ONT) during isometric exercise (handgrip test). Sympathetic activity, measured by microneurography, was significantly higher (P < 0.05) before exercise in OMH (17 ± 6 vs 11 ± 4 burst/min in ONT) and exhibited a greater increase (Ä = 18 ± 10 vs Ä = 8 ± 3 burst/min in ONT) during isometric exercise. This study showed increased sympathetic activity in OMH before exercise and a greater response during isometric exercise, suggesting an autonomic abnormality before exercise and a greater sympathetic response to physical stress in OMH compared to ONT.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Exercise/physiology , Hypertension, Malignant/physiopathology , Stress, Physiological/physiology , Sympathetic Nervous System/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Heart Rate/physiology , Hypertension, Malignant/blood , Hypertension, Malignant/genetics , ParentsABSTRACT
The number of hospital files for patients who have visited the therapeutic clinic of the Juridical Foundation and Educational Promotion Foundation for Oriental Medical Science Techniques during the period between 1979, when the institute was established, and March 1988 has exceeded 3, 000, among which the proportion of patients with athletic disorders-has been increasing annually. The percentage of hospital files for patients with a chief complaint of athletic disorder among those numbered 1 through 2, 000 was very low, 6.0%, but subsequently increased rapidly to 9.1% among the 1, 000 files numbered 2, 000 through 3, 000. Of these patients, only a few have occupations related to the athletic field, or are so-called top athletes, and most are “weekend athletes” or students. Therefore, they play various types of sports, leading to the occurrence of disorders at various sites of the body. The incidence of traumatic injury is low, whereas the incidence of conditions due to fatigue-related changes is high. These characteristics of injury seem to represent the usual pattern from the viewpoint of the age structure of our patients. In the present report we describe our acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for disorders of the shoulder and elbow, among the various types of motility disturbance treated in general institutes providing acupuncture and moxa therapy, not merely as a palliative, but also a prophylactic approach. We also present the results of basic studies, which have provided evidence of therapeutic effects of our treatment, together with details of the therapeutic procedures employed.
ABSTRACT
Using the peripheral nerves of human subjects, a study was conducted on the activity of efferent sympathetic postganglionic fibers controlling the soleus, and on the basis of tonus, its response to acupuncture stimulation was observed.<br>1. Microneurography is efficient as a method for monitoring the participation of the sympathetic nervous system in response to acupunture stimulation.<br>2. The spontaneous dischrge of the vasoconstrictor nerve controlling the soleus shows a cycle in which the activity varies with changes in the arterial blood pressure. This experiment revealed that this cycle was affected by acupuncture stimulation. The changes in degree of this affect were dependent upon the specificity of an individual.<br>3. The method, ‘Koshi’, one the classical approaches in the theory of acupuncture, can be used as a method of changing the regional circulatory movement of a leg other than the one to which acupuncture stimulation is applied.
ABSTRACT
Inserting a tangusten microelectrode into the peroneous nerve of the conscious human subject, the authors recorded the discharge of primary afferent C and A δ fibers. Most of the C fibers belonged to the polymodal group, as these were excited by both mechanical and thermal stimulations. These units responded to painful mechanical or thermal stimuli, as well as to non-painful stimuli of these modalities. These polymodal receptors were capable of responding to a wide range of stimulation intensity.<br>Only some of the Aδ fibers responded to mechanical stimulation of a high intensity and painful thermal stimulation. These units increased their discharge to repeated heat administration showing a marked sensitization. This sensitization corresponded to the sense of increased heat experience by the human subjects who had hyperalgesia from the increasing heat. These findings indicate that these Aδ afferent fibers transmit sensation of hyperalgesia from the hairy skin to the higher centers.