ABSTRACT
Resumo Este estudo analisou as contribuições da prática do enfermeiro na implementação da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra em comunidades quilombolas, sob o prisma da ética feminista. Estudo de caso único e integrado de abordagem qualitativa fundamentado na teoria da ética feminista. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre fevereiro e junho de 2018 por meio de entrevistas realizadas com sete enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família, que atuam em comunidades quilombolas na região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo com auxílio do software ATLAS.ti, versão 8. Os resultados apontaram contribuições da prática do enfermeiro na implementação da PNSIPN e estão apresentados pelas seguintes categorias: criação de vínculo; enfermeiro na comunidade e; reconhecimento das particularidades da comunidade. Tais aspectos se mostraram importantes para a implementação efetiva da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra na comunidade.
ABSTRACT This qualitative integrated single-case study analyzed the role of nursing professionals in implementing the National Policy for the Integral Health of the Black Population in quilombola communities, based on the Feminist Ethics approach. Data collection took place between February and June 2018 by means of interviews conducted with nurses from the Family Health Strategy working in quilombola communities in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The data underwent Content Analysis, via ATLAS.ti software, version 8. Results show that nursing professionals contributed to implementing the PNSIPN, acting on the following categories: "bonding", "community nurse" and "acknowledgment of community specificities". Such aspects are important to implement the National Policy for the Integral Health of the Black Population in the community.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Public Policy , Nursing , Feminism , Black People , Social Discrimination , Minority GroupsABSTRACT
Objective@#This study aimed to analyze the influencing factors of cerebral hemodynamics index (CVHI) and provide evidence on early warning of stroke in ethnic minorities (Tujia, Buyi, Dong, Miao).@*Methods@#From April 2017 to April 2019, ethnic minorities were examined in the Health Management Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University to determine the nationality, age, sex, medical history (such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes) and menstruation in women; measure physiological indexes, such as height and weight, and biochemical indexes, such as blood glucose, blood lipid, and serum uric acid levels; and conduct CVHI and bilateral arm ankle pulse wave conduction velocity (baPWV) detection. The CVHI integral was calculated and divided into normal CVHI group (≥75 points) and abnormal CVHI group (<75 points) to describe the characteristics of population distribution and analyze the related influencing factors of CVHI.@*Results@#A total of 1 236 individuals belonging to ethnic minorities [age, 52.0±9.0 years; 575 men (46.52%) and 661 women (53.48%)]were included in the study. In ethnic minorities, 35.11% had abnormal CVHI. There was no significant difference in abnormal CVHI among ethnic groups, from highest to lowest, in Buyi nationality (38.22%), Miao nationality (37.93%), Dong nationality (32.70%), and Tujia nationality (32.36%). Minority women, menopausal patients, and patients with history of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia more frequently had abnormal CVHI than men and non-menopausal and normal women (43.57%, 47.48%, and 57.66%, 76.19%, and 54.00% vs. 25.39%, 39.51%, and 32.30% 35.31%, and 34.74%, P<0.05). The mean BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and FPG and TG levels, baPWV in the abnormal CVHI group were higher than those in the normal CVHI group, and height was lower the abnormal CVHI group than that in the normal group (P<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that height (r=0.309) was positively correlated with CVHI integral and SBP (r=-0.239), DBP (r=-0.189), and baPWV (r=-0.184) were negatively correlated with CVHI integral (P<0.001). The higher the height, the higher the CVHI and the lower the risk of stroke, and the higher the SBP, DBP, and baPWV, the lower the CVHI score and the higher the risk of stroke. The factor logistic regression analysis showed that old age (OR, 1.992; 95%CI, 1.405-2.825); female sex (OR, 2.240; 95%CI, 1.750-2.866); history of hypertension (OR, 3.363; 95%CI, 1.665-6.791), menopause (OR, 1.384; 95%CI, 1.016-1.885), and high SBP (OR, 1.031; 95%CI, 1.019-1.044), BMI (OR, 1.091; 95%CI, 1.048-1.135), FPG level (OR, 1.169; 95%CI, 1.017-1.344), and baPWV (OR, 1.002; 95%CI, 1.001-1.002) were risk factors for abnormal CVHI, and increased height (OR, 0.936; 95%CI 0.920-0.952) was the protective factor.@*Conclusion@#Individuals in ethnic minorities frequently have abnormal CVHI. The main risk factors of CVHI are the elderly, female, history of hypertension, menopause, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, fasting blood glucose and baPWV. It is necessary to strengthen the health management of ethnic minority gathering places, controling body weight, regularly monitoring of blood pressure and blood glucose and lipid levels, and examing cerebral vascular hemodynamics.
ABSTRACT
Abstract The increase in violence against LGBT people (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transvestite, transgender and transgender) in Brazil encourages the adoption of preventive strategies, among them the Public Conversations Project (PCP), methodology for groups in conflicts. This study aimed to analyze the group process of the PCP, focusing on the effects of the structure of the conversation in the interactions undertaken. There were three meetings with a total of 13 participants involved in the issue of violence against LGBT people. The meetings were audio-taped, and the speeches analyzed according to social constructionism. The PCP has proved useful to think of a more human confrontation with the difference in favor of an ethical interest. It was possible to say that the creation of a different way of talking coincided with the emergence of new ways of acting. The effects of these meetings should be observed longitudinally, as well as trigger reflections for public policies of attention to LGBT.
Resumo O aumento da violência contra LGBTs (lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis, transexuais e transgêneros) no Brasil incentiva a adoção de estratégias preventivas, entre elas o Projeto Conversações Públicas (PCP), metodologia para grupos em conflitos. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar o processo grupal do PCP, com foco nos efeitos da estrutura da conversa nas interações empreendidas. Realizaram-se três encontros com o total de 13 participantes envolvidos com a temática da violência a LGBTs. Os encontros foram audiogravados e os discursos analisados segundo o construcionismo social. O PCP mostrou-se útil para se pensar um confronto mais humano com a diferença em prol de um interesse ético. Foi possível afirmar que a criação de um modo diferente de conversar coincidiu com a emergência de novas maneiras de agir. Os efeitos desses encontros devem ser acompanhados longitudinalmente, bem como disparar reflexões para políticas públicas de atenção a LGBTs.
Resumen El aumento de la violencia contra LGBTs (lesbianas, gays, bisexuales, travestis, transexuales y transgéneros) en Brasil incentiva la adopción de estrategias preventivas, entre ellas el Proyecto Conversaciones Públicas (PCP), metodología para grupos en conflictos. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo analizar el proceso grupal del PCP, con foco en los efectos de la estructura de la conversación en las interacciones emprendidas. Se realizaron tres encuentros con el total de 13 participantes involucrados en la temática de la violencia contra LGBT. Los encuentros fueron grabados en audio y los discursos analizados según el construccionismo social. El PCP se mostró útil para pensar una confrontación más humana con la diferencia a favor de un interés ético. Es posible afirmar que la creación de un modo diferente de conversación coincidió con la emergencia de nuevas maneras de actuar. Los efectos de estos encuentros deben ser acompañados adelante, así como disparar reflexiones para políticas públicas de atención a LGBT.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Homophobia , Gender-Based Violence , Minority GroupsABSTRACT
Objective:This study aimed to compare the differences in molecular subtypes between Uygur and Han patients with breast cancer. This study was also conducted to provide clinical recommendations. Methods:The new typing standard of St. Gallen International Expert Consensus on the Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer 2011 was used to classify the molecular subtypes of 369 breast cancer cases from the First People's Hospital of Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Four immunohistochemical markers (ER, PR, HER-2, and Ki-67) were used to divide the patients into four intrinsic subtypes:Luminal A;Luminal B (divided into HER-2 negative subtype and HER-2 positive subtype);HER-2 enriched;and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype. Statistical analysis was then conducted to evaluate the differences in molecular subtype characteristics of Uygur and Han patients with breast cancer. Results:The proportion of Luminal A, Luminal B with HER-2 negative subtype, Luminal B with HER-2 positive subtype, HER-2 enriched, and TNBC subtype were 12.67%(36/284), 34.51%(98/284), 20.07%(57/284), 14.79%(42/284), and 17.96%(51/284) for 284 Uygur patients with breast cancer;the corresponding proportions were 16.47%(14/85), 37.65%(32/85), 10.59%(9/85), 10.59%(9/85), and 24.71%(21/85) for 85 Han patients with breast cancer, respectively. The HER-2 positive rates of Uygur and Han patients with breast cancer were 34.86%(99/284) and 21.18%(18/85), respectively. The proportions of Luminal B with HER-2 positive subtype and HER-2 positive rate were significantly higher in Uygur patients than in Han patients (P=0.045 and P=0.030, respectively).Conclusion:A larger proportion of Luminal B with HER-2 positive subtype and a higher HER-2 positive rate were observed in Uygur patients with breast cancer than in Han patients with the same disease. HER-2-targeted therapy could be more effective for Uygur patients with breast cancer than for Han patients.