Interacciones bioéticas: el arte del buen trato al adulto mayor

Propósito/Contexto. Conocer cómo necesita ser tratada la persona adulta mayor, identificar los recursos bioéticos involucrados en interacciones de buen trato y determinar que la presencia de recursos bioéticos en las interacciones con personas adultas mayores favorece la percepción del nivel de calidad de vida, facilitando de esta manera el llevar una vida digna. Metodología/Enfoque. Se hizo un diseño cuantitativo, transversal, con alcance descriptivo y correlacional con un muestreo probabilístico estratificado de 200 personas adultas mayores de 60 años cognitivamente aptos y de dos centros de día para personas adultas mayores en Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Resultados/Hallazgos. Un 79 % de las personas adultas mayores viven en pareja o en familia y un 21 % viven solas, además, el 86,5 % reportó al menos una enfermedad diagnosticada y la sospecha de maltrato se ubicó en un 45,5 %. Se establece que las personas adultas mayores necesitan buen trato mediante: autonomía 25,6 % (respeto y comprensión), solidaridad 31,2 % (le tomen en cuenta y le tengan paciencia), subsidiariedad 34,2 % (atención y cuidados) y sociabilidad 9,0 % (apoyo y amabilidad). Se obtuvo un nivel de calidad de vida de un 87,5 % y una satisfacción con la vida de un 88,5 %. Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. La presencia de recursos bioéticos de autonomía, solidaridad, subsidiariedad y sociabilidad en las interacciones con personas adultas mayores favorece la percepción de la calidad de vida, facilitando de esta manera el llevar una vida digna.

Purpose/Context. To know how the older adult needs to be treated, to identify the bioethical resources involved in well-treatment interactions, and to determine that the presence of bioethical resources in interactions with older adults favors the perception of the level of quality of life, thus facilitating a dignified life. Methodology/Approach. A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational design was carried out with a stratified probability sampling of 200 cognitively fit adults over 60 years of age and from two day centers for older adults in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico. Results/Findings. Seventy-nine percent of the older adults live with a partner or family and 21% live alone; in addition, 86.5% reported at least one diagnosed disease and 45.5% suspected abuse. It is established that older adults need good treatment through: autonomy 25.6% (respect and understanding), solidarity 31.2% (being taken into account and having patience), subsidiarity 34.2% (attention and care) and sociability 9.0% (support and kindness). A level of quality of life of 87.5 % and life satisfaction of 88.5 % were obtained. Discussion/Conclusions/Contributions. The presence of bioethical resources of autonomy, solidarity, subsidiarity and sociability in interactions with older adults favors the perception of quality of life, thus facilitating a dignified life.

Objetivo/Contexto. Descobrir como o adulto idoso precisa ser tratado, identificar os recursos bioéticos envolvidos nas interações de bem tratar e determinar que a presença de recursos bioéticos nas interações com adultos idosos favorece a percepção do nível de qualidade de vida, facilitando assim uma vida digna. Metodologia/Abordagem. Um desenho quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e correlacional com uma amostra estratificada de probabilidade de 200 adultos idosos com 60 ou mais anos de idade, em centros de dois dias para adultos idosos em Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Resultados/Descobertas. Setenta e nove por cento dos adultos idosos vivem com um parceiro ou família e 21% vivem sozinhos, 86,5% relataram pelo menos uma doença diagnosticada e 45,5% suspeitaram de abuso. Está estabelecido que os idosos precisam de um bom tratamento através de: autonomia 25,6% (respeito e compreensão), solidariedade 31,2% (ser levado em conta e ter paciência), subsidiariedade 34,2% (atenção e cuidado) e sociabilidade 9,0% (apoio e bondade). Foi obtido um nível de qualidade de vida de 87,5% e uma satisfação de vida de 88,5%. Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições. A presença de recursos bioéticos de autonomia, solidariedade, subsidiariedade e sociabilidade nas interações com adultos idosos favorece a percepção da qualidade de vida, facilitando assim uma vida digna.

La Ciencia de la Enfermería por una vejez saludable, sin violencia ni maltrato / The Nursing Science for a Health Old Age, without Violence or Mistreatment

Introducción: Cuba se ubica en la actualidad entre los tres primeros países de América Latina con mayor envejecimiento poblacional y los pronósticos indican que en los próximos años estará al frente del listado. Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre las particularidades de los retos de la Ciencia de la Enfermería, en favor de una vejez saludable, sin violencia ni maltrato. Métodos: A través de la sistematización de literatura científica, se realizó un ensayo teórico, en el cuarto trimestre del año 2022, concebido como una argumentación reflexiva, al hacer una aproximación a los retos a afrontar por la Ciencia de la Enfermería, en favor de una vejez saludable, sin violencia ni maltrato. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos SciELO, Redalyc, Lilacs, Medline PubMed, e-libro y Google Scholar, con las palabras clave "violencia"; "enfermería"; "anciano"; "maltrato al anciano". Se incluyeron artículos publicados entre 2017 y 2022 en idioma inglés, español y portugués. Para el análisis se utilizó el método análisis de contenido de Bardin. Conclusiones: Los profesionales de la Enfermería en su interacción con las personas son conscientes de los cambios, necesidades, expectativas y realidades de los adultos mayores en la actualidad. Cuba es un ejemplo en el avance de la promoción de los derechos humanos de las personas de la tercera edad a nivel mundial, por lo que se necesita un proceso de readaptación a las nuevas realidades, y ahí está el más grande de los retos a afrontar por la Ciencia de la Enfermería(AU)

Introduction: Cuba is currently among the first three countries in Latin America with the highest population aging and forecasts indicate that, in the coming years, it will be at the top of this list. Objective: To reflect on the particularities of the challenges faced by the nursing science in favor of a healthy old age, without violence or mistreatment. Methods: Through the systematization of scientific literature, a theoretical essay was carried out in the fourth quarter of the year 2022, conceived as a reflective argumentation, by making an approach to the challenges to be faced by the nursing science in favor of a healthy old age, without violence or mistreatment. The search was performed in the SciELO, Redalyc, Lilacs, Medline PubMed, e-book and Google Scholar databases, with the keywords Violencia [Violence], Enfermería [nursing], Anciano [elderly], Maltrato al anciano [elder mistreatment]. Articles published between 2017 and 2022 in the English, Spanish and Portuguese languages were included. Bardin's method was used for content analysis. Conclusions: Nursing professionals, in their interaction with people, are aware of the changes, needs, expectations and realities of older adults today. Cuba is an example regarding the advancement in the promotion of the human rights of the elderly worldwide, a reason why a process of readaptation to the new realities is needed; and therein lies the greatest challenge to be faced by the nursing science(AU)

Health-related quality of life: The neglected facet of women's health in India

Quality of life (QoL) is a multidimensional concept and an essential health component that usually includes both positive and negative aspects of life. The measure of health-related QoL (HRQOL) enables health agencies and social partners to address areas of public health importance and formulate policies which eventually demonstrate the impact of health on QoL. Women form an important pillar of society as they are the primary caretaker of children and elders in every country of the world and therefore, the QoL of women determines the health of the next generation and future public health challenges for families, communities, and the health-care system. Providing health services at par with quality is the need of the hour and a very important health goal considering women's health. Poor delivery of clinical care, failure to meet the professional standards of patient care by health-care providers, mistreatment and abuse by health-care professionals, and inequitable delivery of care are some of the key issues in the delivery of quality maternal health-care services in India and therefore primary health-care professionals should be made familiar with the concept of the HRQoL in the community they are serving. Indian health-care systems need to address to the inequalities and taking off the consumer-centric, market approach of privately run corporate health facilities along with setting up of accountability of all the stakeholders to provide quality care, especially in the government-run facilities and creating a promising environment in health care for women focusing on pregnant and postpartum mothers.

Síndrome de Niño Agredido: aspectos médico legales y la importancia de los estudios radiológicos Reporte de caso / Battered Child Syndrome: medico-legal aspects and the importance of radiological studies Case report

Resumen El síndrome de niño(a) agredido(a) comprende múltiples aspectos desde la definición propia del abuso infantil, en donde se incluye tanto cualquier acto como la omisión que arremeta contra la salud o el desarrollo del menor. Siendo necesario la valoración integral de cada uno de los casos sospechosos abarcando tanto aspectos relacionados con posibles maltratos físicos como los correlacionables por omisión de cuido de menor. Se presenta el caso de una evaluada con denuncia por Abuso de Patria Potestad para ser valorada por sospecha de maltrato infantil.

Abstract The battered child syndrome encompasses multiple aspects from the very definition of child abuse, which covers any act or omission that affects the health or development of the minor. The comprehensive assessment of each of the suspected cases is necessary, covering both aspects related to possible physical abuse and those correlatable by omission of childcare. The case of female with a complaint for Abuse of Parental Authority to be assessed for suspicion of child abuse is presented.

Maltrato en la infancia y consumo de drogas en adolescentes de preparatoria / Child abuse and drug use in high school adolescents

Resumen Objetivo: Conocer la relación entre el maltrato en la infancia y el consumo de drogas en adolescentes. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional, transversal; mediante el muestreo aleatorio estratificado, se seleccionaron a los adolescentes de preparatoria. Se aplicó una cédula de datos personales, el Cuestionario de Maltrato en la Infancia, Test de Identificación de los Trastornos Debidos al Consumo de Alcohol, validados y utilizados en población mexicana, en investigaciones previas. Este estudio se apegó al Reglamento de la Ley General de Salud en materia de investigación para la salud. Resultados: Participaron 239 adolescentes de una preparatoria pública, las edades oscilaron entre los 15 a 19 años (M = 16.41; DE= 1.04), las mujeres predominaron con 54.5%. En la variable de maltrato en la infancia y subescalas por sexo se encontró diferencia significativa en la subescala de abuso físico mostrando que los hombres (Mdn=7.00/ M=8.11, DE=3.08) presentaron mayor puntaje de abuso físico en comparación con las mujeres (Mdn=7.00/ M=7.28, DE=2.64) con una U=5760.0, p<0.032. Al correlacionar las variables de maltrato en la infancia y consumo de drogas, se encontró una correlación positiva y estadísticamente significativa del número de drogas con el total AUDIT, el consumo sensato y dañino con el puntaje total de maltrato y las subescalas de abuso sexual, negligencia emocional y negligencia física. Conclusiones: Los hombres presentaron mayor abuso físico. En la relación entre las variables de estudio se encontró que el maltrato en la infancia, se relacionó con el consumo de alcohol dañino y con el número de drogas consumidas.

Abstract Objective: To know the relationship between abuse in childhood and drug use in adolescents. Materials and methods: Quantitative, descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study; Using stratified random sampling, high school adolescents were selected. A personal data card, the Child Abuse Questionnaire, and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test were applied, validated and used in the Mexican population, in previous investigations. This study adhered to the Regulations of the General Health Law regarding health research20. Results: 239 adolescents from a public high school participated, the ages ranged from 15 to 19 years (M = 16.41; SD = 1.04), women predominated with 54.5%. In the variable of abuse in childhood and subscales by sex, a significant difference was found in the physical abuse subscale, showing that men (Mdn = 7.00/M = 8.11, SD = 3.08) had a higher physical abuse score compared to women. (Mdn = 7.00/M = 7.28, SD = 2.64) with a U = 5760.0, p <0.032. When correlating the variables of abuse in childhood and drug use, a positive and statistically significant correlation of the number of drugs with the total AUDIT, the sensible and harmful consumption with the total score of abuse and subscales of sexual abuse, emotional neglect and neglect physical. Conclusions: Men presented more physical abuse. In the relationship between the study variables, it was found that abuse in childhood was related to the consumption of harmful alcohol and the number of drugs consumed.

Relación entre síntomas psicopatológicos y funcionamiento familiar en adultos mayores víctimas de violencia familiar / Relationship between Psychopathological Symptoms and Family Functioning in Older Adults Victims of Family Violence

Introducción: Las familias son un soporte social importante para el bienestar de sus miembros, sobre todo los adultos mayores, quienes resultan vulnerables al maltrato intrafamiliar que pueden afectar su calidad de vida y generar síntomas psicopatológicos; sin embargo, existe poca evidencia científica de esta relación. Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre síntomas psicopatológicos y funcionamiento familiar en adultos mayores, víctimas de violencia familiar. Métodos: Estudio transversal, correlacional, en hospital distrital de La Esperanza, Trujillo, Perú, entre junio-octubre 2019. Población 170 adultos mayores asistidos en consulta psicológica, muestra por conveniencia de 151 adultos mayores: 84 víctimas y 67 no víctimas de maltrato. Los instrumentos empleados fueron cuestionario SCL-90 y APGAR familiar. Se procesaron los datos con el Coeficiente de correlaciones de Spearman, la fórmula de transformación de Rupinski y Dunlap y la q de Cohen. Resultados: El funcionamiento familiar tiene relación inversa con la somatización y depresión, en víctimas (r = -0,481; -0,536) y no víctimas de violencia familiar (r = -0,329; -0,387); las víctimas presentaron relaciones negativas del funcionamiento familiar con la obsesión-compulsión (r = -0,336), sensibilidad interpersonal (r = -0,314), ansiedad (r = -0,355), hostilidad (r = -0,435) e ideación paranoide (r = -0,511); la proporción de las diferencias entre las correlaciones de muestras arrojan un tamaño de efecto grande entre funcionamiento familiar e ideación paranoide y mediano entre hostilidad y funcionamiento familiar. Conclusiones: Existe correlación entre los síntomas psicopatológicos y funcionamiento familiar en adultos mayores víctimas y no víctimas de violencia familiar, con diferencias entre correlaciones de ambas muestras en la relación del funcionamiento familiar con la hostilidad y la ideación paranoide(AU)

Introduction: Families are an important social support for the welfare of their members, especially older adults, who are vulnerable to familial mistreatment, which can affect their quality of life and produce psychopathological symptoms; however, there is little scientific evidence about this relationship. Objective: To analyze the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and family functioning in older adults who are victims of family violence. Methods: Cross-sectional and correlational study carried out in La Esperanza district hospital, in Trujillo, Peru, between June and October 2019. The population was made up of 170 older adults attended in the psychological consultation. A convenience sample of 151 older adults was chosen: 84 victims and 67 non-victims of mistreatment. The instruments used were the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and the Apgar-family questionnaires. Data were processed with Spearman's coefficient of correlation, Rupinski and Dunlap's transformation formula, and Cohen's q. Results: Family functioning showed inverse relationships with somatization and depression in victims (r=-0.481; -0.536) and non-victims of family violence (r=-0.329; -0.387). Victims presented negative relationships of family functioning with obsession-compulsion (r=-0.336), interpersonal sensitivity (r=-0.314), anxiety (r=-0.355), hostility (r=-0.435) and paranoid ideation (r=-0.511). The proportion of differences between sample correlations yielded a large effect size between family functioning and paranoid ideation, while it is average between hostility and family functioning. Conclusions: There is correlation between psychopathological symptoms and family functioning in older adult who are victims and non-victims of family violence, with differences between correlations of both samples in the relationship of family functioning with hostility and paranoid ideation, respectively(AU)

El papel de la familia en la autopercepción de calidad de vida del adulto mayor / The Family Role in the Older Adult's Self-Perception of Quality of Life

Introducción: El envejecimiento de la población en la actualidad es uno de los principales problemas a nivel mundial, debido al incremento en la esperanza de vida. Sin embargo, una mayor esperanza de vida no significa una mejor calidad de vida. Objetivo: Valorar el papel que desempeña la familia en la autopercepción de calidad de vida del adulto mayor. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal en adultos mayores aplicada en sujetos de ambos sexos en la provincia ecuatoriana de El Oro entre enero del 2018 y noviembre del 2019. La muestra quedó conformada por 399 pacientes. Los cuestionarios utilizados fueron: Valoración biopsicosocial del adulto mayor desde un enfoque bioético, y la Escala de Calidad de Vida WHOQOL-BREF. Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 73,66 años ± 7,38 con un rango entre los 65 y 98 años. El 78,9 por ciento de los adultos mayores maltratados y el 75,9 por ciento de los adultos mayores con trato familiar regular refieren una calidad de vida deficiente. Solo el 18,3 por ciento de los adultos mayores bien tratados refirieron una calidad de vida deficiente, por lo que se observa una asociación entre el trato familiar y la percepción de la calidad de vida estadísticamente significativa. Se constató maltrato familiar por negligencia en los adultos mayores que refirieron una calidad de vida deficiente. Conclusiones: La familia posee un papel preponderante en la calidad de vida del adulto mayor(AU)

Introduction: Nowadays, population aging is one of the main problems worldwide, due to the increase in life expectancy. However, higher life expectancy does not mean better quality of life. Objective: To assess the role played by the family in the older adult's self-perception of quality of life. Methods: A descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study was carried out with older adults of both sexes in the Ecuadorian province of El Oro, between January 2018 and November 2019. The sample consisted of 399 patients. The questionnaires used were the Biopsychosocial Assessment of the Older Adult from a Bioethical Approach and the WHOQoL-BREF Quality of Life Scale. Results: The average age was 73.66 years ± 7.38 years, with a range between 65 and 98 years. A poor quality of life was reported by 78.9 percent of the mistreated older adults and 75.9 percent of the older adults with regular family treatment. Only 18.3 percent of the well-treated older adults reported a poor quality of life, which shows a statistically significant association between family treatment and perception of quality of life. Family mistreatment due to neglect was found in older adults who referred poor quality of life. Conclusions: The family has a preponderant role in the quality of life of the older adult(AU)

Representación de la violencia obstétrica que construyen profesionales matronas de la ciudad de Temuco / Representation of obstetric violence as understood by professional midwives in the city of Temuco

INTRODUCCIÓN: La presente investigación tiene como finalidad caracterizar las representaciones acerca de la violencia obstétrica de profesionales matronas de la ciudad de Temuco, quienes enfrentan el proceso de preparto, parto y puerperio cotidianamente. MÉTODO: Investigación cualitativa con un muestreo intencional, de caso tipo. Se entrevistó a nueve matronas vía online hasta la saturación de la información. Los datos se analizaron de forma manual mediante análisis descriptivo y se trianguló por investigador. RESULTADOS: Las profesionales coinciden en que la violencia obstétrica es una conducta de maltrato ejercida por acción u omisión, y se manifiesta de forma física o verbal. Como factor de riesgo de ejercerla mencionan estrés y falta de empatía, y como consecuencias, daño físico para la mujer y principalmente daño psicológico, como estrés postraumático y depresión. CONCLUSIONES: Las entrevistadas coinciden en que la violencia obstétrica es un problema que debe visibilizarse, y se refieren a la capacitación y la humanización de la salud a través del desarrollo de la empatía como principal factor de prevención de la violencia obstétrica.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this research is to characterize the representations of obstetric violence, from the perspective of midwives in Temuco. Those professionals face daily the process of labor, delivering and puerperium. METHOD: Qualitative research with intentional sampling, of a type case. Nine midwives were interviewed online until the information was saturated. Data was analyzed manually by descriptive analysis and triangulated with researchers. RESULTS: The professionals agree that obstetric violence is an abusive behavior exercised by action or omission and it can manifest itself physically or verbally. As a risk factor for exercising it, they mention stress and lack of empathy. The consequences of the violence for women are physical and mainly psychological damage, such as post-traumatic stress and depression. CONCLUSIONS: The interviewees agree that obstetric violence is a problem, and light needs to be shed on it. According to them, the main factors for preventing obstetric violence are training and the humanization of health through the development of empathy.

Endoparasites of donkeys (Equus asinus) used in commercial skin exploitation in the Northeast of Brazil / Endoparasitos de jumentos (Equus asinus) utilizados em uma exploração comercial de peles no Nordeste brasileiro

The present study identified the main endoparasites present in donkeys (Equus asinus) used in skin exploitation located in Cando municipality, Bahia State, Northeast of Brazil. The samples were collected from September 2019. Feces were collected from the rectal ampulla of 34 animals, macroscopically visualized for parasitic forms, and microscopically evaluated to identify endoparasites forms using the McMaster method. Parasitological results were associated with sex, age, and bodyweight Stata Corp LLC 14. Endoparasites were found in 82.3% of the animals, with the egg count ranging from 50 to 1050 eggs per gram (EPG). The sole presence of superfamily Trichostronglylidae was observed in 67.6% of the donkeys, in 8.8% co-infected by Trichostronglylidae and Eimeria spp., while Trichostronglylidae and Strongyloides westeriwas detected in 2.9%, and simultaneous infection by Trichostronglylidae, Strongyloides westeri, and Oxyuris equi was observed in 2.9%. The occurrence of parasitic infections varies according to nutritional status, age, sex, and environmental exposure (p>0.05). A high occurrence of infection was observed in young animals and those with lower body weight.(AU)

O presente trabalho identificou os principais endoparasitas em jumentos utilizados em uma exploração de pele localizada no município de Canudos, Estado da Bahia, Nordeste do Brasil. As amostras foram colhidas no período de setembro de 2019. Fezes de 34 jumentos, colhidas diretamente da ampola retal, foram visualizadas macroscopicamente para formas parasitárias e avaliadas microscopicamente para identificar endoparasitos pela técnica de McMaster. Os resultados parasitológicos foram associados com sexo, idade e peso corporal pelo Stata Corp LLC 14. Endoparasitas foram encontrados em 82,3% dos animais, com contagem de ovos variando de 50 a 1050 ovos por grama (OPG). Presença de unicamente parasitos da superfamília Trichostronglylidae foi observada em 67,6% dos jumentos, 8,8% estavam coinfectados por Trichostronglylidae e Eimeria spp., 2,9% por Trichostronglylidae e Strongyloides westeri e 2,9% apresentaram presença simultânea de Trichostronglylidae, Strongyloides westeri e Oxyuris equi. A ocorrência de infecções parasitárias varia de acordo com a idade, sexo e exposição ambiental (p>0.05). Observou-se alta ocorrência de animais infectados nos animais jovens e naqueles com menor peso corporal.(AU)

Case report: the use of the AWIN welfare assessment protocol to monitor a group of abandoned donkeys / Estudo de caso: o uso do protocolo AWIN de avaliação de bem-estar para monitorar um grupo de jumentos abandonados

The objective of this study was to reach a diagnosis of the living conditions of abandoned donkeys kept in a restricted farm area through the assessment of their welfare level utilizing the AWIN protocol as a methodological tool. These animals were supposed to be sent to slaughter, but after the activity was temporarily banned, they were abandoned by traders. The protocol of welfare assessment was associated with general environmental and sanitary conditions. Information regarding the mortality rates was also gathered. According to the welfare assessment results, the living conditions of these animals were acceptable in some areas, despite the insufficient shade and shelter, a 3-month food restriction period, and a mortality rate of over 70%. These results demonstrate that welfare assessment protocols must be adapted to crises and databases for welfare indicators in diverse conditions must be created.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi formular um diagnóstico das condições de vida de jumentos abandonados mantidos em uma área restrita de uma propriedade através da avaliação de seu nível de bem-estar, utilizando o protocolo AWIN como ferramenta metodológica. Estes animais seriam destinados ao abate, porém, depois da suspensão temporária da atividade, foram abandonados pelos proprietários. O protocolo de avaliação de bem-estar foi associado às condições ambientais e sanitárias gerais. Informações sobre os índices de mortalidade também foram coletadas. De acordo com os resultados da avaliação de bem-estar, as condições de vida destes animais estavam aceitáveis em algumas áreas, embora não houvesse sombreamento e abrigo suficientes, um período de restrição alimentar de 3 meses e um índice de mortalidade acima de 70%. Estes resultados demonstram que protocolos de avaliação de bem-estar devem ser adaptados a situações de crise, e bancos de dados para indicadores de bem-estar em condições diversas devem ser criados.(AU)

Adaptação e análise da estrutura interna da Escala de Mobbing de Leymann (LIPT45) para o contexto português / Adaptation and analysis of the internal structure of the Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror (LIPT45) for the Portuguese context / Adaptación y análisis de la estructura interna de la escala de mobbing de Leymann (LIPT45) para el contexto portugués

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em adaptar e analisar a estrutura interna da versão portuguesa do Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror (LIPT45). Foi utilizada uma amostra de 404 indivíduos (70,5% mulheres) entre os 18 e os 69 anos (M = 32,9; DP = 12.606). O LIPT45-PV é uma escala de autorrelato composta por 45 itens que avaliam o assédio moral nas organizações, divididos em cinco dimensões: efeitos na autoexpressão; efeitos sobre os contatos sociais; efeitos sobre a reputação pessoal; efeitos sobre a situação ocupacional e qualidade de vida, e efeitos sobre a saúde. Foi utilizada uma análise fatorial confirmatória e o Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM), mediante os quais se avaliou um modelo de cinco dimensões, além da confiabilidade do construto e das pontuações. Em conformidade com os resultados da ESEM, o LIPT45-PV apresenta uma estrutura fatorial coerente, assim como uma maior diferenciação entre as suas dimensões. Da mesma forma, os indicadores de confiabilidade do construto e das pontuações foram adequados. Conclui-se que o LIPT45-PV revela características psicométricas (estrutura interna e confiabilidade) que o configura como um instrumento adequado para avaliar o respetivo constructo em adultos.(AU)

The aim of this work was to adapt and analyze the internal structure of the Portuguese version of the Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror (LIPT45). A sample of 404 individuals (70.5% women) aged between 18 and 69 years (M = 32.9; SD = 12.606) was used. The LIPT45-PV is a self-report scale composed by 45 items that assess mobbing in organizations, divided into five dimensions: effects on self-expression; effects on social contacts; effects on personal reputation; effects on the occupational situation and quality of life, and effects on health. Confirmatory factor analysis and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) were used, through which a five-dimensional model was evaluated, as well as the reliability of the construct and the scores. According to the results of the ESEM, the LIPT45-PV presents a coherent factor structure, as well as greater differentiation between its dimensions. Likewise, the reliability indicators of the construct and the results were adequate. We can conclude that the LIPT45-PV reveals psychometric characteristics (internal structure and reliability) that configure it as an adequate instrument to evaluate the respective construct in adults.(AU)

El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en adaptar y analizar la estructura interna de la versión portuguesa del Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror (LIPT45). Fue utilizada una muestra de 404 individuos (70.5% mujeres) entre los 18 y 69 años (M= 32.9; DS = 12.606). El LIPT45-PV es una escala de autoinforme compuesta por 45 ítems que evalúan el acoso laboral en las organizaciones, divididos en cinco dimensiones: efectos en la autoexpresión; efectos sobre los contactos sociales; efectos sobre la reputación personal; efectos sobre la situación ocupacional y calidad de vida, y efectos sobre la salud. Fue utilizado un análisis factorial confirmatorio y el Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM), a través de los cuales se evaluó un modelo de cinco dimensiones, además de la confiabilidad del constructo y de las puntuaciones. De acuerdo con los resultados del ESEM, el LIPT45-PV presenta una estructura factorial coherente, así como una mayor diferenciación entre sus dimensiones. Asimismo, los indicadores de confiabilidad del constructo y de las puntuaciones fueron adecuados. Se concluye que el LIPT45-PV presenta características psicométricas (estructura interna y confiabilidad) que lo configuran como un instrumento adecuado para evaluar el constructo mencionado en adultos.(AU)

Violência contra idosos e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde: estudo populacional no município de São Paulo, Brasil / Violence perpetrated against the elderly and health-related quality of life: a populational study in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

Resumo Objetivou-se identificar a prevalência da violência doméstica contra idosos não institucionalizados e verificar se esta é um fator independente associado aos Componentes Físico (CF) e Mental (CM) da Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde (QVRS) desses idosos. É um estudo epidemiológico transversal e de base populacional integrante do Estudo SABE (Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento). A amostra foi de 1.126 idosos que responderam ao Short-Form 12 Health Related Survey (SF-12), instrumento genérico que avalia a QVRS em seus CF e CM. A prevalência da violência doméstica contra idosos foi de 10% (IC 95% 9,1 - 13,6). Na análise múltipla, a violência contra idosos permaneceu significativamente associada ao CM (β = -3,03; p = 0,000) e ao CF (β = -1,69; p = 0,017) da QVRS, independente de covariáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde, de apoio familiar e de incapacidade funcional. A prevalência da violência doméstica foi elevada e comprometeu a saúde física e mental dos idosos.

Abstract The scope of this work was to identify the prevalence of domestic violence against non-institutionalized elderly individuals, and to establish if violence is an independent factor associated with the Physical Component (PC) and Mental Component (MC) scores of the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of these elderly individuals. It is a cross-sectional epidemiologic and population-based investigation that is part of the SABE (Wellbeing, Health and Aging) study. A sample of 1,126 elderly individuals filled out the Short-Form 12 (SF-12) Health Survey, namely a generic instrument that assesses HRQOL through the Physical and Mental components. The prevalence of domestic violence against of the elderly was 10% (CI 95% 9.1-13.6). In the multiple analyses, violence against the elderly was significantly associated to the MC (β = -3.03; p = 0.000) and to the PC (β = -1.69; p = 0.017) of HRQOL, independently of the sociodemographic, health, family support, and functional incapacity covariables. The prevalence of domestic violence was high and compromised the physical and mental health of the elderly.

Maltrato en la formación médica: situación en las residencias de cardiología / Mistreatment In Medical Training: Situation In Cardiology Residences

RESUMEN Introducción: El maltrato se define como el comportamiento que hace que otra persona se sienta herida, desvalorizada o incompetente. Un cierto nivel de intimidación y humillación durante la formación se consideraba necesario para preparar al médico para una profesión difícil. Las condiciones en las que hoy se desarrollan las residencias médicas y la práctica profesional generan una alta prevalencia de burnout (agotamiento). Objetivo: Indagar la percepción que tienen los residentes de Cardiología sobre maltrato recibido y si reconocen haber incurrido en alguna conducta agraviante. Material y Métodos: Encuesta aplicada a residentes que asisten al Curso Bianual de Cardiología de la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología Resultados: Respondieron 183 residentes. El 100% dijo haber recibido algún tipo de maltrato. Ser humillado por un error cometido y los gritos, son las formas de maltrato mencionadas con mayor frecuencia; un residente superior, un paciente y/o sus familiares fueron señalados como los responsables de las agresiones recibidas. Casi la mitad de residentes (46%) dijeron haber sido maltratados por el personal de enfermería. El 33,5% reconoció haber incurrido en situaciones de maltrato y que éste estuvo dirigido a otro residente, a un médico de planta y/o un médico de otra especialidad. Discusión: Los resultados son similares a otros estudios ya publicados. Por la seguridad de los pacientes y por la salud de los médicos se recomienda incluir en la formación profesional las estrategias para el afrontamiento del estrés y se considera indispensable promover un cambio cultural dentro de las instituciones académicas y asistenciales orientado a crear espacios de trabajo más democráticos y más saludables.

ABSTRACT Background: Mistreatment is defined as the behavior that makes another person feel hurt, undervalued or incompetent. A certain level of intimidation and humiliation during training was considered necessary to prepare the doctor for a difficult profession. The conditions in which medical residences and professional practice are developed today generate a high prevalence of burnout. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the perception that Cardiology residents have on the mistreatment received and if they acknowledge having incurred in any aggravating behavior. Methods: A survey was conducted in residents attending the Biannual Cardiology Course of the Argentine Society of Cardiology. Results: A total of 183 residents responded the survey and all of them (100%) reported some type of mistreatment. Being humiliated for making a mistake and shouted at were the most frequently mentioned forms of mistreatment from a senior resident, a patient or their relatives. Almost half of the residents (46%) said they had been mistreated by the nursing staff. while 33.5% acknowledged having incurred in aggravating situations directed against another resident, a staff doctor and/ or another specialty physician. Discussion: The results are similar to other studies already published. For the safety of patients and the health of physicians, it is recommended to include strategies for coping with stress and it is considered essential to promote cultural changes within academic and care institutions aimed at creating more democratic and healthier working environments.

Denúncias de violência contra idosos no Brasil: 2011-2018 / Complaints of violence against the elderly in Brazil: 2011-2018 / Informes de violencia contra las personas mayores en Brasil: 2011-2018

Objetivo: Analisar a frequência de denúncias de violência contra idosos no "Brasil" entre "2011 a 2018". Método: Estudo epidemiológico, exploratório, descritivo e de abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram adquiridos junto ao Sistema de Denúncias "Disque 100" do Ministério da Mulher, da Família e dos Direitos Humanos (MMFDH). Foi utilizado o software Microsoft Excel 2016®, sendo realizada análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: Foi identificado o universo de 233.383 registros, com média e desvio padrão de (29.172,9±9.828,5). As maiores preponderâncias geográficas foram identificadas no Sudeste (SE) com 45,9% (n=107.105) e em São Paulo (SP) com 19,9% (n=46.372). O perfil das vítimas se constituiu de 63% (n=165.105) pessoas do sexo feminino, 32,8% (n=85.844) possuíam entre 71 a 80 anos, 36,8% (n=96.474) eram de raça/cor branca, 73,4% (n=199.225) não possuíam nenhum tipo de deficiência. Considerações finais: Foi verificado aumento na frequência de registros de denúncias de violência contra idosos no recorte geográfico e histórico analisados.

Objective: To analyze the frequency of complaints of violence against the elderly in "Brazil" between "2011 to 2018". Method: Epidemiological, exploratory, descriptive and quantitative study. The data were acquired from the "Dial 100" Reporting System of the Ministry of Women, Family and Human Rights (MMFDH). Microsoft Excel 2016® software was used, and a descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results: The universe of 233.383 records was identified, with mean and standard deviation of (29,172.9±9,828.5). The largest geographical preponderances were identified in the Southeast (SE) with 45.9% (n=107,105) and in São Paulo (SP) with 19.9% (n=46,372). The profile of the victims consisted of 63% (n=165,105) female, 32.8% (n=85,844) were between 71 and 80 years old, 36.8% (n=96,474) were of white race/color, 73.4% (n=199,225) did not have any type of disability. Final considerations: There was an increase in the frequency of records of complaints of violence against the elderly in the analyzed geographical and historical context.

Objetivo: Analizar la frecuencia de denuncias de violencia contra las personas mayores en "Brasil" entre "2011 a 2018". Método: Estudio epidemiológico, exploratorio, descriptivo y cuantitativo. Los datos fueron adquiridos del Sistema de Denuncias "Dial 100" del Ministerio de la Mujer, la Familia y los Derechos Humanos (MMFDH). Se utilizó el software Microsoft Excel 2016® y se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo. Resultados: Se identificó el universo de 233,383 registros, con media y desviación estándar (29,172.9±9,828.5). Las mayores prepondencias geográficas se identificaron en el Sudeste (SE) con 45,9% (n=107.105) y en São Paulo (SP) con 19,9% (n=46.372). El perfil de las víctimas consistió en 63% (n=165,105) mujeres, 32,8% (n=85,844) tenían entre 71 y 80 años, 36,8% (n=96,474) eran de raza/color blanco, El 73,4% (n=199.225) no tenía ningún tipo de discapacidad. Consideraciones finales: Hubo un aumento en la frecuencia de registros de denuncias de violencia contra el adulto mayor en el contexto geográfico e histórico analizado.

Maltrato asociado al acoso laboral a internos de Medicina en hospitales peruanos / Mistreatment associated with workplace harassment against medical interns in peruvian hospitals

Introducción:El acoso a estudiantes de Medicina, en especial a internos, suele ser una constante dentro de los hospitales de Perú. Esto se vuelve un problema cuando proviene de los médicos del propio nosocomio.Objetivo:Determinar la relación entre el acoso y el maltrato de los médicos asistentes y residentes hacia los internos de Medicina en diferentes hospitales de Perú.Métodos:Estudio analítico transversal, basado en una encuesta a médicos que habían hecho recientemente su internado. Se usó el test de NAQ-R para evaluar el acoso, también se preguntó sobre su percepción del acoso y el maltrato que provino de los médicos residentes y asistentes. Se obtuvo estadísticos de asociación.Resultados: De los 617 internos encuestados, el mayor acoso que se alcanzó del test fue de los médicos residentes (RPa: 2,40; IC 95 por ciento: 1,75-3,30; valor p < 0,001) y asistentes (RPa: 2,08; IC 95 por ciento: 1,57-2,75; valor p < 0,001). En cambio, según la percepción de acoso, resultó mayor en los internos que habían realizado su internado en más de una sede hospitalaria (RPa: 1,96; IC 95 por ciento: 1,25-3,07; valor p = 0,003), pero también entre los que habían percibido maltrato por los médicos residentes (RPa: 2,41; IC 95 por ciento: 1,71-3,39; valor p < 0,001) y asistentes (RPa: 1,80; IC 95 por ciento: 1,32-2,44; valor p < 0,001).Conclusiones:Se encontró que hubo maltrato (mediante percepción y el test) por parte de los médicos asistentes y residentes, lo que se califica como grave ya que genera un ambiente laboral y formativo tóxico. De este modo, se recomienda propiciar análisis situacionales en cada realidad e intervenciones para romper el círculo vicioso del maltrato(AU)

Introduction:Harassment against medical students, especially interns, is usually a constant within hospitals in Peru. This becomes a problem when it comes from physicians belonging to the same hospital.Objective:To determine the values of harassment and mistreatment of medical assistants and residents towards medical interns in different hospitals in Peru.Methods:A cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out, based on a survey on doctors who had recently done their internship. The NAQ-R test was used to assess harassment. Also, the respondents were asked about their perception about harassment and mistreatment that came from medical residents and assistants. Association statistics were obtained.Results:Of the 617 interns surveyed, the highest value for harassment obtained in the test corresponded to medical residents (RPa: 2.40; CI95 percent: 1.75-3.30; p value<0.001) and assistants (RPa: 2.08; CI95 percent: 1.57-2.75; p value<0.001). On the other hand, according to perception about harassment, it was higher in the interns who had performed their internship in more than one hospital center (RPa: 1.96; CI95 percent: 1.25-3.07; p value=0.003), but also among those who had perceived mistreatments by medical residents (RPa: 2.41; CI95 percent: 1.71-3.39; p value<0.001) and assistants (RPa: 1.80; CI95 percent: 1, 32-2.44; p value<0.001).Conclusions:It was found that there was mistreatment (by perception and the test) by medical assistants and residents, which is described as serious since it generates a toxic work and training environment. Thus, it is recommended to promote situational analyzes in each reality and interventions to break the vicious circle of mistreatment(AU)

Elder abuse among residents of Shivamogga: a cross sectional study

Background: As per the WHO estimates the global population of people aged 60 years and above will increase from 900 million in 2015 to about 2 billion in 2050. Abuse of elderly has become a problem even in India. Due to social taboo, the elder abuse at community setting is usually not reported. Even though elder abuse is an important public health problem, very little is known about the extent of abuse especially in developing countries. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Shivamogga. A total of 200 elderly persons were interviewed using a pretested semi structured questionnaire. The person showing suggestive score was further asked about type of abuse and perpetrator of mistreatment. Results: Our study showed total prevalence of elder abuse in the community to be 24%. The extent of abuse was more among females especially the housewives. The most common type of abuse was verbal abuse followed by psychological abuse. Son was the common perpetrator of mistreatment. Conclusions: Elder abuse is much prevalent in the community. There is a need for further studies to generalise the findings.

Medical student mistreatment by patients in the clinical environment: prevalence and management

INTRODUCTION@#Medical students rely on patients and their families as teachers during the learning journey. However, ill patients and their families may not welcome having students participating in their care, and anecdotal instances of abuse against clinical medical students are not uncommon. We aimed to determine the prevalence of medical student mistreatment by patients and their families and describe students' self-reported responses to such incidents.@*METHODS@#An email link to an anonymised electronic survey form was sent to all clinical students (n = 184) at a Singapore medical school. The first part of the survey sought information on whether the student had previous experiences of mistreatment by patients and their families. If so, the frequency of mistreatment, circumstances when mistreatment happened and students' reactions were collected. In the second part, the students were asked if they knew how to handle such mistreatment incidents.@*RESULTS@#There were a total of 91 respondents, 14.3% of whom had experienced mistreatment by patients and their families in our institution. One-third of the affected students felt fearful or humiliated. However, the majority chose to be passive by saying nothing or moving away. Less than half of the students knew how to handle such incidents or where to seek help.@*CONCLUSION@#Incidents of mistreatment in our school are not uncommon. Our study revealed a need for more clarity and guidance about how students can manage such situations. This is an important topic because such mistreatment is known to inflict emotional disturbance in students. We proposed a workflow to help students deal with mistreatment.

Violência e maus tratos contra a pessoa idosa: representações sociais de jovens, adultos e idosos / Violence and abuse against the elderly: social representations of young people, adults and the elderly / Violencia y maltrato contra la persona mayor: representaciones sociales de jóvenes, adultos y ancianos

Objetivo: analisar as representações sociais sobre violência e maus tratos contra a pessoa idosa, construídas por jovens, adultos e idosos. Método estudo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, utilizando o aporte teórico das representações sociais, realizado com 150 participantes, escolhidos aleatoriamente, no período de março/setembro de 2015. Dados foram coletados por entrevista semiestruturada utilizando estímulos indutores: violência e maus tratos contra pessoa idosa. O material empírico foi organizado em dois corpora e processados com o auxílio do software IRaMuTeQ ®. Os dados processados apontaram para o estimulo violência três classes semânticas; para maus tratos , duas classes. O projeto foi aprovado em Comitê de ética e pesquisa (protocolo 0516/14). Resultados jovens falam de tipos de violência; adultos falam sobre contravenções relacionadas; idosos associam dimensões de cunho afetivo. Conclusão espera-se que os achados contribuam para dimensionamento de ações educativas-protetivas para efetivação de políticas públicas ao idoso.

Objective: to examine social representations constructed by young people, adults and the elderly regarding violence and abuse against older people. Method this exploratory, qualitative study used social representations theory in the period from March to September 2015 with 150 randomly chosen participants. Data were collected by semi-structured interview using two stimulus-terms: violence and abuse against elderly persons. The empirical material was organized into two corpuses and processed with IRaMuTeQ® software. The processed data pointed to three semantic classes for the stimulus-term violence, and two for the stimulus-term abuse. The project was approved by the research ethics committee (Protocol 0516/14). Results younger participants mentioned types of violence; adults talked about violence-related offenses; and the elderly associated violence and abuse with dimensions of affect. Conclusion it is hoped that the findings will contribute to scaling educational and protective actions for effective application of policies for the elderly.

Objetivo analizar las representaciones sociales sobre violencia y maltrato contra la persona mayor, construidas por jóvenes, adultos y ancianos. Método estudio exploratorio de enfoque cualitativo, utilizando el aporte teórico de las representaciones sociales, realizado con 150 participantes, elegidos al azar, en el período de marzo / septiembre de 2015. Los datos fueron recolectados por entrevista semiestructurada utilizando estímulos inductores: violencia y maltrato contra el anciano. El material empírico fue organizado en dos corpus y procesado con la ayuda del software IRaMuTeQ®. Los datos procesados apuntaron hacia el estímulo violencia, tres clases semánticas; hacia maltratos, dos clases. El proyecto fue aprobado en el Comité de ética e investigación (protocolo 0516/14). Resultados jóvenes hablan sobre tipos de violencia; los adultos hablan sobre contravenciones relacionadas; los ancianos asocian dimensiones de carácter afectivo. Conclusión se espera que los hallazgos contribuyan a dimensionar acciones educativas-protectoras para volver efectivas las políticas públicas en cuanto al anciano.

Factores socioeducativos asociados a la percepción de maltrato en estudiantes de medicina peruanos / Socioeducational factors associated to the perception of mistreatment in peruvian medical students

Introducción: muchas veces para mejorar el aprendizaje los docentes realizan algún tipo de maltrato, lo que provoca gran frecuencia de este en estudiantes de medicina. Sin embargo, no se han explorado sus determinantes en una población estudiantil extensa. Objetivo: determinar los factores socioeducativos que se asociaron a la percepción del maltrato entre los estudiantes de medicina peruanos. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico, multicéntrico en más de 1 000 estudiantes en todo el Perú. Se usó una encuesta validada para maltrato estudiantil, buscando asociación a variables socioeducativas. Se realizó un muestreo por bola de nieves, se halló asociaciones estadísticas usando modelos lineales generalizados. Resultados: las mujeres sufrían menos maltrato físico (razón de prevalencias ajustadas (RPa): 0,86), pero más sexual (RPa: 1,54). Los de universidades privadas tenían menor maltrato físico (RPa: 0,80), los homosexuales tuvieron mayor maltrato psicológico, académico y sexual (RPa: 1,81; 1,78 y 2,07; respectivamente), los bisexuales mayor maltrato sexual (RPa: 1,50), los que tenían sobrepeso/obesidad mayor maltrato psicológico (RPa: 1,21), a más años en los hospitales se tuvo mayor maltrato psicológico y sexual (RPa: 1,10 y 1,09; respectivamente), los que hacían guardias extras y eran internos de medicina tuvieron mayores maltratos físicos (RPa: 1,22 y 1,40; respectivamente) y académicos (RPa: 1,21 y 1,46; respectivamente), los satisfechos con la carrera tenían menor frecuencia de los cuatro tipos de maltrato. Conclusiones: se encontró que algunos estudiantes eran más maltratados, se deben tomar las medidas para que esto se caracterice, intervenga y reduzca, ya que podría tener consecuencias en el estudiante, su rendimiento y que repercutan hasta cuando este sea profesional(AU)

Introduction: In order to improve learning, teachers so often carry out some type of abuse, which means a high frequency of mistreatment among medical students. However, its determinants have not been explored in an extensive student population. Objective: To determine the socio-educational factors associated with the perception of abuse among Peruvian medical students. Methods: Cross-sectional, analytical, multi-center study in more than one thousand students throughout Peru. A validated survey was used for student abuse, seeking association with socio-educational variables. A snowball sampling was carried out; statistical associations were found using generalized linear models. Results: Women suffered less physical abuse (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR]: 0.86), but more sexual abuse (APR: 1.54). Those from private universities had lower physical abuse (APR: 0.80). Homosexuals had more psychological, academic and sexual abuse (APR: 1.81, 1.78 and 2.07 respectively). Bisexuals had more sexual abuse (APR: 1.50). Those who were overweight/obese suffered more psychological abuse (APR: 1.21). The higher amount of years in hospitals, the more cases of psychological and sexual abuse (APR: 1.10 and 1.09, respectively). Those who did extra shifts and were medical interns had greater physical (APR: 1.22 and 1.40, respectively) and academic (APR: 1.21 and 1.46, respectively) abuse. Those satisfied with the major had less frequent of the four types of abuse.Conclusions: Some students were found to be more mistreated, measures must be taken for this to be characterized, intervened and reduced, since it could have consequences on the students, their performance and may have repercussions until he is a professional(AU)

Prevalência e fatores associados à violência doméstica: estudo em uma maternidade de alto risco / Prevalencia y factores asociados a la violencia doméstica: estudio en una maternidad de alto riesgo / Prevalence and factors associated with domestic violence: study in a high-risk maternity hospital

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever as prevalências dos tipos de violência doméstica entre puérperas atendidas em uma maternidade de alto risco e examinar a associação desses agravos com variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e reprodutivas. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 302 puérperas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas a partir de roteiro estruturado com questões acerca da caracterização das participantes e instrumento para identificação de violência Abuse Assessment Screen. Resultados: entre as entrevistadas, 43% relataram ter vivenciado situações de maus-tratos ao longo da vida, 7,6% foram vítimas de violência física no último ano e 4,6% estiveram em situação de violência física durante a gestação. Mulheres com idade entre 31-43 anos (RP: 1,5; 1,1-2,1), com três ou mais gestações (RP: 1,8; IC95%: 1,2-2,7) e evangélicas (RP: 1,6 IC95%: 1,1-2,3) vivenciaram mais frequentemente maus-tratos na vida. A ausência de companheiro esteve associada à história de violência física no último ano e na gestação (p< 0,05). Conclusão: este estudo reafirma que a violência constitui um fenômeno presente na vida da mulher, inclusive no período gestacional, e se mostrou associado à condição demográfica e obstétrica da mulher.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir las prevalencias de los tipos de violencia doméstica entre puérperas atendidas en una maternidad de alto riesgo y examinar la asociación de esos agravios con variables demográficas, socioeconómicas y reproductivas. Método: estudio transversal, realizado con 302 puérperas. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas a partir de un itinerario estructurado con preguntas acerca de la caracterización de las participantes e instrumento para identificación de violencia Abuse Assessment Screen. Resultados: entre las entrevistadas, el 43% relató haber experimentado situaciones de maltrato a lo largo de la vida, el 7,6% fueron víctimas de violencia física en el último año y el 4,6% estuvieron en situación de violencia física durante la gestación. Las mujeres con edad entre 31-43 años (RP: 1,5, 1,1-2,1), con tres o más gestaciones (RP: 1,8, IC95%: 1,2-2,7) y evangélicas RP: 1,6 IC95%: 1,1-2,3) experimentaron más a menudo maltrato en la vida. La ausencia de compañero estuvo asociada a la historia de violencia física en el último año y en la gestación (p <0,05). Conclusión: este estudio reafirma que la violencia constituye un fenómeno presente en la vida de la mujer, incluso en el período gestacional, y se mostró asociado a la condición demográfica y obstétrica de la mujer.

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the prevalence of domestic violence among postpartum women treated at a high-risk maternity hospital, and to examine the association of these conditions with the demographic, socioeconomic and reproductive variables. Method: cross-sectional study, carried out with 302 postpartum women. The data were collected through interviews from a structured script with questions about the characterization of the participants and an instrument to identify violence, the Abuse Assessment Screen. Results: among the interviewees, 43% reported experiencing mistreatment throughout their lives, 7.6% were victims of physical violence in the last year, and 4.6% were in a situation of physical violence during their pregnancy. Women aged between 31-43 years old (PR: 1.5; 1.1-2.1), having three or more gestations (PR: 1.8; 95% IC: 1.2-2.7) and evangelical women (PR: 1.6 95% CI: 1.1-2.3) more often experienced mistreatment in life. The absence of a partner was associated with a history of physical violence in the last year and during gestation (p<0.05). Conclusion: this study reaffirms that violence is a phenomenon that is present in women's lives, including during the gestational period, and it has been associated with the demographic and obstetric condition of the woman.