ABSTRACT
Urothelial carcinoma with divergent differentiation is a variant of urothelial carcinoma and it is being increasingly recognizedwith the increase in awareness and advancement of immunohistochemistry. It is important to quantify the degrees of eachdifferentiation for the prognosis and treatment of the patient. Here, we present a unique case of urothelial carcinoma of urinarybladder with divergent differentiation showing urothelial, squamous, papillary, and glandular differentiation.
ABSTRACT
The Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma histologically classifies endoscopically resected gastric cancer into differentiated and undifferentiated types according to the presence or absence of tubular structures on histology. The former includes papillary adenocarcinoma and tubular types, and the latter includes poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma. However, gastric cancer sometimes contains a mixture of differentiated and undifferentiated components, and the clinical outcomes of the histological mixture are unknown, especially following endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer (EGC). This case was within the guideline indications for endoscopic submucosal resection (ESD), although it contained a partly signet ring cell carcinoma component; it recurred after 19 months with multiple lymph node and liver metastases. This case shows that additional surgical resection after ESD should be performed for patients with any mixed signet ring cell component, even in mild or moderately differentiated EGC.