ABSTRACT
La inclusión en el PCL-R del comportamiento criminal previo como criterio para la evaluación de la psicopatía en las prisiones, supone que los individuos evaluados como psicópatas en la comunidad por sus consistencias de personalidad no sean detectados al llegar a prisión. Se pretende establecer el perfil diferencial del psicópata no detectado frente al psicópata criminal a nivel familiar, educativo, de consumo y delictivo. La muestra está conformada por 352 internos en prisión que fueron evaluados mediante el PCL-R. Los resultados obtenidos confirman que el psicópata no detectado presenta mismas consistencias de personalidad que el psicópata criminal, difiriendo en el estilo de vida; exhibe variables moderadoras durante su desarrollo que le han mantenido alejado del comportamiento criminal; no ha tenido un estilo de vida delictivo, pero mantiene la misma capacidad que el psicópata criminal para la comisión de los delitos más graves, siendo víctimas más frecuentes familiares y parejas.
The previous criminal behavior included in the PCL-R like a criterion to evaluation of the psychopathy in the prisons, suppose that individuals considered as psychopaths in the community for their personality were not detected when they arrive to prison. The aim of this research was to establish the different profile of the undetected psychopath in comparison with criminal psychopath in the familiar, educative, substance abuse and criminal environments. The sample was made up of 352 prisoners evaluated with the PCL-R. Results revealed that undetected psychopath showed the same personality but different lifestyle than criminal psychopath. Moreover, undetected psychopath accounted with moderating variables during his development that avoid them committing criminal behavior. Finally they did not show a criminal lifestyle, however, as the same as a criminal psychopath, they had the capacity to commit serious crimes being their victims their relatives or couples.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Antisocial Personality Disorder/psychology , Prisoners/psychology , Analysis of Variance , Chi-Square Distribution , Criminal Behavior , Prisons , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
This study was designed to investigate the influence of the so-called IMF-related economic stress upon the mental health and to analyze the process of the influence. As the possible variables moderating the stress process, social resource, problem solving style, and hopelessness were included. 221 male and female subjects were recruited according to the intensity of economic stress and classified into four groups(employees of solid companies, employees of the companies at risk, short-term unemployed and long-term unemployed). Relevant measures including economic stress scale, selected SCL-90R subscales(somatization, depression, hostility, anxiety), social support scale, problem-solving scale, and job hopelessness scale were administered. As assumed, it was proved that economic stress had adverse effects on the mental health. In addition to this basic causal relationship, moderating effects of several variables were found as follows: First, social support had the buffering effect upon the economic stress. That is, strong social support played the role suppressing the development of psychiatric symptoms under high stress. Second, men were more vulnerable to the adverse effects of economic stresses than women. Third, economic stresses had influence on the helplessness concerning the problem solving. However other problem solving strategies such as creative style, approach style, avoidance style, etc were proven to have no relationship with the economic stress. Fourth, in the analysis of unemployed group, it was found that hopelessness mediates the relationship between economic stress and mental health. In conclusion, the clinical implications of such findings in economic stress process were discussed and several limitations and the suggestions for future researches were also addressed.