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Taking the recommendations development of the World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies (WFAS) standard Clinical Practice Guideline for Female Urinary Incontinence as an example, this study analyzed the consensus expert composition, specific consensus process, and results in the development of the guideline's recommendations. It systematically examined the advantages of using the modified Delphi method in the formation of recommendations for acupuncture and moxibustion clinical practice guideline, with the aim of providing reference for the development of acupuncture and moxibustion guidelines in the same field.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Acupuncture , Acupuncture Therapy , Delphi Technique , MoxibustionABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To estab lish the evaluation criteria for repeated usage of TCM decoction pieces and Chinese patent medicine，and to provide reference for prescription comment. METHODS ：By modified Delphi method ，15 experts of TCM were selected，who had plenty of clinical experience. The questionnaire data and expert opinion were collected and summarized to establish related evaluation index system with two rounds of questionnaire survey. RESULTS ：In this two-rounded survey ，experts’ positive coefficients were 100％；authority coefficient were 0.711 and 0.752；reliability of questionaire were 0.830 and 0.926； coordination degree of experts were 0.579（P＜0.01）and 0.721（P＜0.01），respectively. The evaluation criteria for cross-using and repeated usage of TCM decoction pieces and Chinese patent medicine ，which contained 4 first-level items （component repetition，function and indication repetition ，tumor repetition and others ）and 10 second-level items ，were established finally. CONCLUSIONS：Established criteria are with well expert ’s positive coefficient and high authority ，and good reliability of questionnaire. The evaluation criteria for repeated usage of TCM decoction pieces and Chinese patent medicine is formulated preliminarily.
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@#Background: There have been no existing performance indicators to measure the overall quality of pharmacy services, including the aspects of drug management and clinical pharmacy services, at primary health centres in Indonesia. This study aimed to obtain these indicators based on a consensus of experts. Methods: The modified Delphi method was used to obtain the consensus. The initial indicators, based on a literature review, were evaluated and assessed by members of the expert panel through three rounds of repetition until the consensus was reached. The expert panel members were selected based on their knowledge of or expertise in pharmacy service performance and geographical considerations. Analysis of the expert panel consensus level was determined by calculating the mean and interquartile range. Results: Fifteen expert panel members started the first round (93.7% of the 16 targets) with 12 of them (75%) completing the third round of the modified Delphi method. Three expert panel members were representatives of the Regency Health Office, and the others were pharmacist practitioners at primary health centres from three different regencies. The consensus results were 26 indicators of drug management, 19 indicators of clinical pharmacy services, and two indicators of overall pharmacy performance. Conclusion: The consensus indicators for measuring drug management, clinical pharmacy services, and overall pharmacy performance can be used as a reference and standard to measure the quality of pharmacy services at primary health centres. Therefore, the measurement results are more relevant if compared between one and other studies.
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OBJECTIVE: To establish the criteria in repeated usage of traditional Chinese patent medicines. METHODS: Fifteen experts were invited to take a two-rounded questionnaire survey. Experts' positive coefficients, authority coefficient, reliability, concentration degree and coordination degree towards experts' opinions were calculated by SPSS23.0 after integrating the opinions. The criteria were modified based on the prespecified principles. RESULTS: In this two-rounded survey, experts' positive coefficients were 100.00% and 93.33%, averaging authority coefficient was 0.91, reliability of two rounds were 0.87 and 0.82. Coordination degree increased from 0.36 (P<0.01) to 0.46 (P<0.01). Three first level index and eighteen second level index were included in this cirteria. CONCLUSION: With well response, authority, reliability and coordination, this study could define preliminary evaluation criteria of repeated traditional Chinese patent medicines.
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OBJECTIVE:To construct the evaluation index system for the effects of rational drug use policy in the military hos-pital. METHODS:Based on methods like literature analysis,expert consultation,modified Delphi method,analytic hierarchy pro-cess(AHP),the evaluation index system was constructed and the weight of indicators was calculated. The feasibility of the index system was verified by experimental evaluation. Through comparing drug use level between military patients and local insurance for medical care,the effects of rational drug use policy were evaluated in military hospital. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The index system includes 3 first-level indexes as rationality,accessibility,economics,10 second-level indexes and 20 third-level indexes. The results of the experimental evaluation in 176 military hospitals show that the economic indexes scoring rate is lower than the reasonable indexes and the availability indexes,and the difference value are 3.12%and 4.06%;the first-level indexes average scor-ing rate of divisional hospital is higher than that of regimental hospital,and the difference value is 21.6%. The index system solves the problems of false data,incomplete evaluation,inadequate check,improves informatization level of evaluation,and realizes long-term dynamic monitoring and remote evaluation.
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Objective To build an index system for ergonomic evaluation of cockpit display.Method The modified Delphi method was proposed to build the index system.Firstly,on the basis of systematic,in-depth analysis and integration of the related information such as military standards,norms and technical productions both domestic and abroad,an index system for cockpit display ergonomic evaluation was primarily built.Then,23 fighter pilots were referred twice as the specialized consultants upon preliminary index system with the modified Delphi method.Finally,the comements of the specialized consultants were statistically analyzed.Result Based on the two times of information from the specialized consultants,the indexes that could cause more impact on pilots' efficiency were selected.Conclusion Modified Delphi method characterized with referring and synthesizing experimental results from experts is scientific and operatable.