ABSTRACT
Objective: The moisture absorption of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (RRR) with different initial moisture content was studied under the conditions of relative humidity of 20%-85% and temperature of 5, 15, 25 and 35 ℃, respectively, so as to provide reference for the control of safe storage moisture and reasonable storage of RRR. Methods: RRR was stored at temperature of 5, 15, 25 and 35 ℃ and humidity of 45%, 60% and 75%, respectively. The samples were taken at different time points to determine its safe water activity with powder color and mildew as indicators. The isotherm adsorption data of RRR at 5, 15, 25 and 35 ℃ and water activity of 0.2-0.8 were obtained by static weighing method and six isotherm adsorption models, GAB, Oswin, Smith, Halsey, Henderso and Peleg, were used for fitting and evaluation. Results: The absolute safe water activity and relative safe water activity of RRR were 0.5 and 0.6, respectively. The adsorption isotherms of RRR at 5, 15, 25 and 35 ℃ were "S" type, which belonged to type II isotherm. Oswin model was the best fitting model and the model expression was: Meq=A[Aw/(1-Aw)B. According to the model, the absolute safe water content of RRR with different initial moisture content at 5 ℃ was 9.00%, 9.59%, 8.00%, 6.71% and relative safe water content was 10.17%, 10.89%, 9.20% and 8.07%, respectively; The absolute safe water content of RRR with different initial moisture content at 15 ℃ was 8.24%, 8.83%, 7.24%, 5.86% and relative safe water content was 9.57%, 10.17%, 8.59% and 7.20%, respectively; The absolute safe water content of that at 25 ℃ was 7.17%, 7.75%, 5.73%, 4.70% and the relative safe water content was 8.72%, 9.26%, 7.26% and 6.25%, respectively; The absolute safe water content of that at 35 ℃ was 8.00%, 8.45%, 6.53%, 5.21% and the relative safe water content was 9.74%, 9.85%, 8.40%, 7.27%, respectively. Conclusion: Oswin model can be used to predict the equilibrium moisture content of RRR in storage, which can provide reference for the control of safe moisture and scientific maintenance of RRR.
ABSTRACT
To study the kinetic characteristics of moisture adsorption-desorption characteristics of honeysuckle spray powder by dynamic vapour sorption method. Methods: The moisture adsorption and desorption data of honeysuckle spray powder were determined by dynamic vapour sorption instrument under the conditions of temperature of 20, 30, and 40 ℃ and relative humidity of 0-85%. Based on the six kinds of moisture absorption models commonly used, the experimental data were fitted and evaluated. Results: The higher the temperature, the shorter the time required to reach the moisture balance. When the relative humidity was 65%-85%, the quality of honeysuckle powder was obviously changed. The greater the relative humidity, the greater the quality change when the equilibrium was reached. Peleg model was the best mathematical model to describe the moisture adsorption-desorption characteristics of honeysuckle spray powder. Conclusion: The dynamic vapour sorption method can shorten the test time and reduce the human error. It is suitable for the study of moisture absorption characteristics of honeysuckle spray powder.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of moisture-proof materials and contents on hygroscopicity of Yixinshu Capsules; To improve moisture-proof function of Yixinshu Capsules. Methods The hygroscopicity performance of Yixinshu Capsules was analyzed with the indexes of moisture absorption rate and critical relative humidity (CRH), and effects of soluble starch, maize starch, dextrin, lactose, mannitol, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, hypromellose and low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose on hygroscopicity of Yixinshu Capsules were compared. The effects of optimized excipients and capsule contents after granulation on hygroscopicity of Yixinshu Capsules were tested. Results Lactose, microcrystalline cellulose and mannitol were the most appropriate moisture-proof excipients for Yixinshu Capsules with balanced moisture absorption rate of 18.04%, for which the best proportion of Yixinshu Capsules to excipients was 1 to 0.1 (wt%). The balanced moisture absorption rate of the powders were 14.87%, 14.39%, and 15.38%, respectively, whereas the granules were 10.75%, 10.29%, and 11.13%, respectively. Conclusion The selected excipients can effectively reduce the hygroscopic rate of the Yixinshu Capsules, and its granules can promote the moisture resistance of Yixinshu Capsules.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To prepare Rehmanniae Radix oligosaccharide micro-powders with high load capacity, high yield, and good moisture absorption, using nano spray drying technology. Methods: Based on the single factor experiments, the B-90 spray dryer was used to prepare Rehmanniae Radix oligosaccharide micro-powders with average particle size, yield, and moisture absorption rate as evaluation indices, and orthogonal test was used to investigate the influence of inlet temperature, spray drying efficiency, and solution concentration on the preparation process and to optimize the preparation process. Results: The best spray drying condition was A2B2C3, namely the inlet temperature was 110℃, the spray drying efficiency was 50%, and the drug concentration was 1%. Finally the drug loading was 30% and the yield was 89% with good moisture absorption. The Rehmanniae Radix oligosaccharide micro-powders had good morphology stability. Conclusion: The nano spray drying technology is stable and the micro-powders have good quality, which is better than the traditional spray drying technology.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Polysaccharides from the leaves of Acanthopanax gracilistylus (AGSL) were extracted with smashing tissue extraction (STE), isolated and purified, and the properties of their moisture retention and moisture absorption were studied. Methods: Extraction process for AGSL polysaccharides (AGSL-P) was optimized by using the spherical symmetrical design test, and then isolated and purified through alcohol precipitation, Sevage method, bleaching, dialysis, DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column, and Sephadex G-75 column, and the structure was identified by chemical experiment, IR, and NMR. The properties of the moisture retention and moisture absorption of AGSL-P, AGSL-P-1, and AGSL-P-2 were studied and compared with common humectants (polyethylene glycol 400 etc.) in relative humidity 43% and 75%. Results: The optimal STE conditions for AGSL-P were as follows: material-liquid ratio was 1:14.5, the extraction temperature was 71℃, and the extraction time was 257 s. With the best extraction conditions, the yield of AGSL-P was 1.62%. AGSL-P-1-1 was homogeneous polysaccharide with α-configuration, and it may contain glucose, rhamnose, and galactose. The results showed the absorbent capacity of AGSL-P-1 and AGSL-P-2 was superior to the common humectants, polyethylene glycol 400, and moisturizing ability of AGSL-P-2 was amount to polyethylene glycol 400. Conclusion: A steady and convenient extraction technology for AGSL-P has been established using STE method, AGSL-P-1-1 homogeneous polysaccharide is isolated from the leaves of AGSL has been established using STE method, AGSL-P-1-1 is isolated from the leaves of AGSL for the first time, and AGSL-P-2 is an excellent moisturizer.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The co-processd excipient containing microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and glycerol monostearate (GMS) was prepared. The humidity resistance of MCC used in Chinese materia medica (CMM) was improved and the possibility of this co-processd excipient used in the preparation of CMM tablet was explored. Methods: The co-processd excipient containing MCC and GMS was prepared by applying spray drying method. The moisture absorption, flow ability, compressibility, and disintegration were as the indexes to optimize the best preparation of co-processd excipient through uniform design methodology. The powder characteristic of co-processd excipient was investigated and the microstructures were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Flourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The effect of co-processd excipient on the moisture absorption of spray drying power of Xinyueshu, epimedium total flavonoids, and wolfberry extracts was investigated. The in vitro dissolution of hyperside and ferulic acid in Xinyueshu Tablet was studied. Results: The results showed that the optimal conditions of the preparation consisted of 1 portion of GMS, 12 portions of MCC, and 200 portions of water, emulsionzing temperature of 66°C, and mixing time of 1 h. It was confirmed that the chemical constituents in co-processd excipient were not changed after spray drying with smaller particle size and better fluidity. The co-processd excipient can improve the moisture absorption of spray drying power of Xinyueshu, epimedium total flavonoids, and wolfberry extracts without affecting the disintegration of MCC. Conclusion: The co-processd excipient prepared has good humidity resistance and it is confirmed to have application prospect.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To optimize the kinetic model that could accurately describe the moisture absorption progress of Chinese materia medica (CMM) extract powder, to quantify the adsorption process scientifically and to provide the theoretical basis for the further study on controlling the hygroscopicity of CMM extract powder by changing the physical properties. Methods: We chosed five models fitting the hygroscopic rate curve of fifty-one kinds of typical CMM extract powder under the low-, mid-, and high-humidity conditions, as evaluation indexes in R2, RSS, and AIC values, to make the initial screening of optimum kinetic model fitting. Results: Both the double exponential model and the Weibull distribution model could reflect the moisture absorption kinetics of CMM extract powder, but the double exponential model had a better adaptability than the Weibull distribution model under different humidity conditions. Conclusion: The double exponential model is suitable for reflecting the moisture absorption kinetics of CMM extract powder.