Biochemical aspect of crime: a case study of testosterone levels among rapists in Enugu State

Testosterone concentration is a contributing factor to rape tendency. Our research aimed to determine the plasma testosterone concentrations in male rapists. Subjects (100) recruited from Enugu state prison grouped viz: Violent-rapist (VR), nonviolent-rapist (NVR), violent child-molester (VCM), nonviolent child-molester (NCM), and none rapist (NR). The blood sample was collected in the morning (8-9) for four months by veno-puncture and used in the determination. The testosterone levels determination was by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The results indicated the mean age of 33 (VR), 34 (NVR), 46 (VCM), 47 (NCM), and 32 (NR). The age at first intercourse was highest in NCM (18) and lowest in VR (13). Heterosexuals were highest in VR (14) and lowest in NCM (6). Homosexuals were highest in NCM (4) and non in VM, NVR, and NR (0). In bisexuals, NVR and NCM were the highest (4), the NR (1) was the lowest. The concentrations of testosterone (in ng/100ml) were 8.65 (VR), 9.23 (NVR), 9.63 (VCM), 7.73 (NCM) and 7.95 (NR). The testosterone concentration of the VR, NVR, and VCM is higher than NR. The NCM was lower than the NR. This result suggests that VR, NVR, and VCM are associated with higher testosterone concentrations in males. The modest associations indicate that there might be other influencing factors. The relationship between testosterone levels in rapists and child molestation is, at best, tentative. In some people, hormonal factors might influence the likelihood of rape and child molestation.

Psychiatric Symptoms Among Female Adult Victims of Sexual Molestation : Comparison with Rape Victims / 정신신체의학

OBJECTIVES: According to the recent Korean National Police Agency report, rape victims were 17.1%, but sexual molestation victims were more than the rape victims by 78.0%. Despite many international reports about the occurrence of severe psychiatric symptoms in sexual molestation victims, there is no domestic research. Therefore in this study, we investigated psychiatric symptoms of sexual molestation victims, and we also compared it with psychiatric symptoms in rape victims. METHODS: 58 women who visited Busan Smile Center within 3months after sexual violence were the study subjects. Questionnaire about sociodemographic and sexual violence related characteristics were retrospectively investigated. Of the psychiatric symptoms, Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI) for severity of depression and anxiety, and Impact of Event Scale-Revised(IES-R) to check the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) symptoms were used. RESULTS: Of 58 sexual violence victims, sexual molestation victims were 36(62.1%) and rape victims were 22(37.9%). In sexual molestation victims, 80.6% had more than moderate severity of depression, 83.3% had more than moderate severity of anxiety, and 94.4% had significant scores at PTSD screening test. Compared with rape victims' psychiatric symptoms(each 95.5%, 95.5%, 95.5%) there were no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of sexual molestation victims were also accompanied by depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms as rape victims. There results suggest that appropriate assessment and early treatment for psychiatric symptom must be made in the early stage of injury in sexual molestation victims.

Molestation of Women and Behavioural Reflection in People of Present Society in the Novel “ Dahan” Authored by Suchitra Bhattacharjee.

Present Civilized society not yet fully accepted the concept of feminism .It is from the age of immemorial,discriminated women used to satisfy by accepting patriarchal norms and their life experiences have been transmitted to the next generation.“Suchitra Bhattacharya” is one of those who continued to pen for Women's rights and gender discrimination in the Bengali literature. In her novel “DAHAN” (1998) she describe the incidence of molestation of a housewife in public metro station. No one among the countless people came forward to protect that housewife from scandalous youth. She faced that cruel situation even after having husband with her. Only a stranger girl namely “Srabana” rush to save ”Ramita” from that situation. Srabana Shows indomitable courage in front of Police , Police Court - for protest against the establishment. Ultimately, she acquired bitter experience after knowing that Ramita’s family became hopeless and wants to make matter confidential.Molestation affected Ramita also living with wounds in heart and extreme disdain .There is no language in protest against it. The physical appearance of women in the context of current society, writer gathers here

Need for enhanced punishment for outraging the modesty of woman U/S 354 IPC.

Crime against women are rising in India especially in State of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Delhi and there is a need felt in every corner of India to enhance punishment to deter these crimes. India is signatories to various International treaties including related to protection of human rights of woman and children. Hon’ble Supreme Court of India and various High Courts has taken cognizance of situation on many occasions and recommended to Union of India and state Governments to amend the law to protect the faith of common man especially vulnerable groups like woman and children. A Critical review of decisions of courts has been done for highlighting the legal situation on the issue of meaning and scope of applicability of section 354 IPC. Data base collected and compiled from the National Crime Record Bureau website to understand the rising trend of crime. This paper discusses various reasons for less punishment for molestation and need for enhanced punishment and making it non-bailable to make sense in preventing rising crimes against woman.