Perfil de estado de ánimo y autoeficacia percibida en tareas de salto con contramovimiento en atletas cubanos de élite

Introducción: El estado de ánimo y la autoeficacia presentan estrecha relación con el rendimiento deportivo. En atletismo, contar con un control exhaustivo del entrenamiento físico y mental supone asentar las bases del máximo rendimiento, siendo el salto vertical un excelente elemento de control. Sin embargo, su relación con los aspectos psicológicos durante los entrenamientos se ha divulgado poco en la literatura. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre el perfil de estado de ánimo y la autoeficacia durante saltos verticales en deportistas juveniles de la preselección nacional cubana de atletismo. Método: Se evaluó el estado de ánimo y la autoeficacia antes de ejecutar un salto con contra movimiento (CMJ), presentándose el valor de 40 cm como elemento de máximo rendimiento en atletas de élite. Resultados: Se encontró correlación significativa entre el factor ansiedad del POMS y variables del CMJ. Además, se encontró correlación negativa entre la autoeficacia y la ansiedad, aunque no significativa (p > .05). Conclusiones: Los deportistas con un estado de ánimo de puntuación media de ansiedad, aunque no sobreelevada (puntaje 2 sobre 4) antes de la ejecución de saltos verticales, obtuvieron mejores resultados de CMJ, consiguiendo un mayor rendimiento tanto en la altura de salto, como en la velocidad, fuerza y potencia del salto. Sin embargo, no se hallaron correlaciones significativas entre la autoeficacia y el estado de ánimo, ni con variables de salto.

Introduction: Both mood and self-efficacy seem to be components closely related to the athlete's performance. In athletics, to have an exhaustive control of training from the physical and mental point of view is to lay the foundations for sporting success. Exercises such as the vertical jump are an excellent element of control of athletic performance. However, their relationship with psychological aspects during training has been little reported in the literature. Our objective was to analyze the relationship between the mood profile and self-efficacy during vertical jumps in youth athletes of the Cuban national preselection of athletics. Method: Mood and self-efficacy were evaluated before executing a countermovement jump (CMJ), presenting the 40-cm value as the element of maximum success in elite athletes. Results: A significant correlation was found between anxiogenic mood and vertical jump variables. In addition, a negative correlation was found between self-efficacy and anxiety, although not significant (p > .05). Conclusions: Athletes with a medium anxiety score mood although not overelevated (score 2 out of 4) before the execution of vertical jumps obtained better CMJ results, achieving higher performance in both jump height, speed, strength and power of the jump. However, no significant correlations were found between self-efficacy and mood, nor with the jumping variables.

Restorative effects of different forest environments in spring, summer, and autumn / 环境与职业医学

Background It has been proved by many studies that forest environment has good restorative effects. Some researchers have attempted to identify natural factors affecting restorativeness. However, current studies have not focused on the effect of seasonal variation of forest environments on its restorative strength. Objective To evaluate the restorative effect changes of two types of forest environments across different seasons. Methods The experiments were conducted in April (spring), June (summer), and October (autumn) of 2017. Forty subjects were recruited in spring，18 in summer, and 20 in autumn. In spring, the subjects were randomly assigned to a forest park in suburban area and one in semi-pristine area in Beijing where each subject only experienced one kind of forest environment. In summer and autumn, each subject experienced two kinds of forest environments. They spent the first day in the suburban area forest park, and the second day in the semi-pristine area forest park. First the subjects completed the Brief Profile of Mood States (BPOMS) and had their heart rate been monitored for 10 min before test followed by a 30 min forest experience with sedentary sitting. At the end of each experience, the subjects completed the BPOMS again, and also the Restoration Environment Scale-Chinese version. Objective physical environment indicators were monitored simultaneously during forest experience. The changes of each indicator were analyzed before and after forest experience in selected three seasons. Results In the objective physical environment indicators, the concentrations of anion in selected three seasons in the semi-pristine area forest were higher than the values in the suburban development area forest; the concentration of anion in autumn was much higher than those in the other two seasons. In the assessment of the Restorative Environment Scale, the total scores of restorativeness of the semi-pristine area forest were generally higher than the scores in the suburban development area forest, but significant differences were found only in spring and summer (P < 0.001 in spring, P=0.022 in summer, and P=0.083 in autumn). In terms of physiological indicators, the average heart rate was decreased, while short-term R-R interval standard deviation (SD1) and root mean square of difference of successive intervals (RMSSD) were increased after the designed forest experience sessions in the three seasons, and there was statistical difference between forest types. In terms of psychological indicators, a decrease in the score of total mood disorder was presented after the experience session. In spring, there was a trend that the forest park in suburban development area had a better regulation effect on total mood disorder (P=0.07). In summer and autumn, there was a trend that the semi-pristine area forest park had a better regulation effect on total mood disorder (P=0.062 in summer and P=0.001 in autumn). Conclusion Generally, forest environments can improve the psychological and physiological indicators of human, and the improvement varies with frosts types and seasons. The restorative effects of forests in semi-pristine areas is better than those in suburban development area.

Effects of forest bathing on pre-hypertensive and hypertensive adults: a review of the literature

The aim in this literature review was (1) to explore the physiologically and psychologically therapeutic benefits of forest bathing on adults suffering from pre-hypertension or hypertension, and (2) to identify the type, duration, and frequency of an effective forest bathing intervention in the management of pre-hypertension and hypertension, so as to provide directions for future interventions or research. The electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsyINFO, and the China Academic Journals (CAJ) offered through the Full-text Database (CNKI) were searched for relevant studies published from the inception of the databases to April 2019. Of the 364 articles that were identified, 14 met the criteria for inclusion in this review. The synthesis of the findings in the included studies revealed that forest bathing interventions were effective at reducing blood pressure, lowering pulse rate, increasing the power of heart rate variability (HRV), improving cardiac-pulmonary parameters, and metabolic function, inducing a positive mood, reducing anxiety levels, and improving the quality of life of pre-hypertensive or hypertensive participants. Forest walking and forest therapy programs were the two most effective forest bathing interventions. Studies reported that practicing a single forest walking or forest therapy program can produce short-term physiological and psychological benefits. It is concluded that forest bathing, particularly forest walking and therapy, has physiologically and psychologically relaxing effects on middle-aged and elderly people with pre-hypertension and hypertension.

Estados de Humor e Resultado Esportivo de Uma Equipe ao Longo da Segunda Fase da Liga Nacional de Futsal / Mood States and Sports Results of a Team Throughout the Second Phase of the National Futsal League

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o humor de atletas profissionais de futsal durante a segunda fase da Liga Futsal Brasileira 2012. A amostra foi composta por 15 atletas do sexo masculino e o instrumento utilizado para avaliação foi a Escala de Humor de Brunel. Os resultados mostram que houve diferenças significativas (p<0,05) dos estados de humor no dia anterior, pré-jogo e pós-jogo. A equipe apresentou estados de humor correspondente ao perfil iceberg em quase todos os momentos: vigor constante e elevado, com exceção do pós-jogo nas derrotas; e fadiga com índices baixos, que se apresentaram elevadas no pós-jogo. Conclui-se que os estados de humor podem intervir positivamente ou negativamente no desempenho esportivo da equipe.

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the moods states of professional futsal players during the second phase of the Brazilian Futsal League 2012. The sample was composed of 15 male athletes and the instrument used for evaluation was the Brunel Mood Scale. The results show that there were significant differences (p<0.05) in mood states on the previous day, pre-game and post-game. The team presented mood states corresponding to the iceberg profile in almost all times: constant and high vigor, except for the post-game defeats, and fatigue with low levels, which were elevated in the post-game. It was concluded that mood states can positively or negatively interfere with team sports performance.

The Relationship between Mood States and Cognitive Functions among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#There is some evidence stated that mood states might influence cognitive functioning, such as episodic memory, working memory and creative problem solving. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between mood states and cognitive functioning among older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). This study involved 12 male and 37 female subjects from Klang Valley aged 60 year old and above. MCI was defined based on criteria proposed by Peterson. Cognitive functions of the subjects were accessed using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Digit Span, Digit Symbol Substituition Test (DSST) and Visual Reproduction; while mood states including tension, depression, anger, vigour, esteem related affect, fatigue and confusion were accessed using Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire. Total positive subscales score, total negative subscales score and total mood disturbance (TMD) were also calculated. There were significant positive correlations between tension (r = 0.325, p = 0.30), vigour (r = 0.235, p = 0.036), esteem related affect (r = 0.316, p = 0.034) and total positive subscales score (r = 0.307, p = 0.040) with verbal episodic memory as measured using RAVLT fifth trial. In addition, positive correlations were also observed between vigour (r = 0.228, p = 0.035) and total positive subscales score (r = 0.237, p = 0.025) with DSST. After adjusted for confounding factors, subjects who scored higher in esteem related affect (Adjusted OR = 0.390, 95% CI [0.069-0.711], p = 0.019) and tension (Adjusted OR = 0.253, 95% CI [0.075-0.431], p = 0.007) had better verbal episodic memory. Subjects who have higher total positive subscales score were also had faster processing speed (OR = 0.856, 95% CI [0.099-1.614], p = 0.028). However after adjusted for confounding factors, the relationship was not significant (Adjusted OR = 0.383, 95% CI [-0.247-1.013], p = 2.226). Older adults with MCI who had a more positive mood tend to have a better short-term verbal memory and faster processing speed.

Influence of music relaxation imagination training on the postoperative emotion and pain of patients with chronic sinusitis / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of music relaxation imagination training(MRIT) on mood and pain in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS). METHODS A total of 120 patients were divided into experimental group(60 cases) and control group(60 cases). The intervention group received routine nursing care and MRIT, while the control group received routine nursing care. RESULTS The scores of each dimension of the brief mood scale in intervention group after intervention were lower than that in control group, and the degree of pain was significantly lower too at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h 48 h, 72 h after operation. The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSION MRIT can improve the postoperative mood of patients underwent CRS nasal endoscopic surgery and reduce the degree of postoperative pain.

Avaliação de Estados de Humor nos Exames da Royal Academy of Dance / Assessment of Mood States in the Royal Academy of Dance Examination System

RESUMO Este estudo qualitativo investigou os estados de humor de alunos participantes dos Exames da Royal Academy of Dance. A pesquisa exploratória utilizou o POMS (Profile of Mood States), aplicado antes e após o exame, a uma amostra intencional composta por 12 estudantes de dança, faixa etária de 18 a 40 anos. A análise descritiva, ao se comparar os dados obtidos no pré e pós-teste, evidenciou um aumento da fadiga e uma diminuição do vigor e índices mínimos dos estados de tensão, depressão, raiva e confusão mental. Novos estudos se fazem necessários, visando ao aprimoramento das abordagens acerca dos estados subjetivos envolvendo as práticas, a formação em dança e as avaliações das performances, aspectos ainda pouco explorados em âmbito acadêmico.

ABSTRACT This qualitative study investigated the mood states of students, participants in of the Royal Academy of Dance examinations. The exploratory research used the POMS (Profile of Mood States), administered before and after the examination, to an intentional sample of 12 dance students, aged 18 to 40 years. The descriptive analysis, comparing the data collections in the pre and post-test showed an increase in fatigue and decreased vigor and minimum indices of tension states, depression, anger and confusion. Further studies are needed in order to improve the approaches to the subjective states involving practice, background training in dance and performance assessments, aspects largely unexplored in the academic ambit.

Impacts Of Three Different Relaxation Techniques On Mood States Among Athletes

@#Relaxation technique is a method, process, procedure or activity that helps a person to relax. There are several methods of relaxation techniques that can be used proven beneficial to improve the individual state of relaxation. Relaxation can be performed individually or in a group. With suitable technique of relaxation, it will improve quality of life as well as emotional and physical. This study aims to investigate the impact of three different relaxation techniques, namely Autogenic (AGR), Progressive Muscle (PMR) and Music Relaxation (MR) on mood states among Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) athletes. Eighty UniSZA athletes aged between 18 to 25 years old were randomly assigned into four groups which were AGR, PMR, MR and control group. Each groups consisted of 20 subjects which were male and female athletes with multidiscipline of the sports involvement. The mood states were determined by Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) during pre and post-intervention. The subjects in the three intervention groups received relaxation training twice a week for four weeks, 30 minutes per sessions. While, a control group not received any relaxation training during the intervention time. Repeated measure ANOVA conducted showed that the two parameters in BRUMS significantly changes in post-intervention such vigour (F=16.083, p<0.0001) and confusion (F=3.412, p=0.022). Other negative mood scores showed no significant changes such; (anger; F=2.235, p=0.091, depression; F=0.960, p=0.416, fatigue; F=0.724, p=0.540, tension; F=16.083, p=0.913).The results of Pairwise Comparison revealed that the three types of relaxation techniques (AGR, PMR and MR) effective to enhance vigour (positive mood) score among the adult subjects. In this study, PMR was the most effective relaxation technique followed by AGR and MR to regulate the mood state among adults.

Impacts Of Three Different Relaxation Techniques On Mood States Among Athletes

Relaxation technique is a method, process, procedure or activity that helps a person to relax. There are several methods of relaxation techniques that can be used proven beneficial to improve the individual state of relaxation. Relaxation can be performed individually or in a group. With suitable technique of relaxation, it will improve quality of life as well as emotional and physical. This study aims to investigate the impact of three different relaxation techniques, namely Autogenic (AGR), Progressive Muscle (PMR) and Music Relaxation (MR) on mood states among Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) athletes. Eighty UniSZA athletes aged between 18 to 25 years old were randomly assigned into four groups which were AGR, PMR, MR and control group. Each groups consisted of 20 subjects which were male and female athletes with multidiscipline of the sports involvement. The mood states were determined by Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) during pre and post-intervention. The subjects in the three intervention groups received relaxation training twice a week for four weeks, 30 minutes per sessions. While, a control group not received any relaxation training during the intervention time. Repeated measure ANOVA conducted showed that the two parameters in BRUMS significantly changes in post-intervention such vigour (F=16.083, p<0.0001) and confusion (F=3.412, p=0.022). Other negative mood scores showed no significant changes such; (anger; F=2.235, p=0.091, depression; F=0.960, p=0.416, fatigue; F=0.724, p=0.540, tension; F=16.083, p=0.913).The results of Pairwise Comparison revealed that the three types of relaxation techniques (AGR, PMR and MR) effective to enhance vigour (positive mood) score among the adult subjects. In this study, PMR was the most effective relaxation technique followed by AGR and MR to regulate the mood state among adults.

Effects of 10, 000 steps a day on physical and mental health in overweight participants in a community setting: a preliminary study

ABSTRACT Background Being overweight is associated not only with physical health problems, but also with risk of mental health problems. Increased physical activity (PA) has been recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease; however, little is known about the effect of walking on physical and mental health outcomes. Objective The purpose of the study was to explore the effectiveness of a pedometer-based PA intervention on physical and mental health states. Method Thirty-five overweight participants with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg•m–2 were selected and assigned to a 12-week pedometer-based walking program (10,000 steps•d–1). The profile of mood states, BMI, waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (%BF), and lean body mass (LBM) were measured before and after the 12-week intervention. The number of step counts was recorded 5 days a week in a diary booklet. Results The 30 participants who accumulated 10,000 steps•d–1 had significantly lower anxiety, depression, anger, fatigue, confusion, and total mood distress scores compared with measurements taken prior to the intervention. Further, the participants had higher vigor scores compared to baseline. Regarding physical health, the participants who accrued 10,000 steps a day had significantly lower body weight, WC, BMI, and %BP. After adjustment for gender, height, and daily steps at follow-up, changes in WC were negatively associated with depression, fatigue, confusion, and total mood distress. Conclusions An increase in PA by accumulating at least 10,000 steps•d–1 over a 12-week period improves physical and mood states in sedentary, overweight individuals.

An Adaptation of the Profile of Mood States for Use in Adults With Phenylketonuria

Abstract Adults with phenylketonuria (PKU) experience disturbances in mood. This study used qualitative and quantitative techniques to adapt the 65-item Profile of Mood States (POMS) for the assessment of key mood domains in adults with PKU. First, cognitive interviews on 58 POMS items (excluding 7 Friendliness domain items) among 15 adults and adolescents (age ≥16 years) with PKU were conducted to eliminate items poorly understood or considered irrelevant to PKU; 17 items were removed. Next, the remaining POMS items were quantitatively examined (Mokken scaling and Rasch analysis) in 115 adult patients with PKU. An additional 21 items were removed iteratively, resulting in the 20-item draft PKU-POMS. Finally, the psychometric properties of the draft PKU-POMS were examined. The instrument displayed strong psychometric properties (reliability, validity, and responsiveness) over 6 domains (Anxiety, Depression, Anger, Activity, Tiredness, and Confusion) and all items were well understood in the final cognitive interviews with 10 adults with PKU.

Interferência do estado de humor na melhora dos componentes da capacidade funcional em idosos / Interference of mood states in the improvement of components of functional capacity in the elderly

Estados de humor são sentimentos autorreguladores que, quando positivos, podem contribuir para um envelhecimento saudável, manter ou melhorar os níveis funcionais. Tal melhora pode ser notada em indivíduos que praticam atividade física sistematizada, como a dança, por exemplo. Para verificar se há influência dos estados de humor nos componentes funcionais e a interferência do exercício físico nesses aspectos, o presente estudo foi realizado com 30 idosos, distribuídos igualmente em dois grupos (Grupo de Treinamento e Grupo Controle). O Grupo de Treinamento participou de um protocolo de dança com duração de 1 hora três vezes por semana ao longo de 12 semanas, e o Grupo Controle não frequentou qualquer programa de atividade física. Todos os participantes foram avaliados pela Lista de Estados de Ânimo Reduzida e Ilustrada e pela bateria de testes da AAHPERD. Para análise dos estados de humor, foi utilizado o teste binomial com nível de significância de 5% e uma análise comparativa pré e pós. Para os componentes da capacidade funcional, foi utilizada a análise de variância para medidas repetidas ANOVA twoway, adotando-se mesmo nível de significância. Não foram detectadas mudanças estatisticamente significativas para os estados de humor, embora os componentes funcionais tenham apresentado melhoras na coordenação, agilidade e força com a prática de dança. Os idosos que apresentaram melhores níveis funcionais tiveram os estados de humor positivos intensificados e os negativos mantidos ou reduzidos. Idosos adeptos ao exercício físico com estados de humor mais positivos apresentaram os melhores níveis funcionais.

Mood states are auto-regulating feelings that, being positive, may contribute to a healthy aging to maintain or improve functional levels. Such benefits can be noticed in individuals who practice physical activity, systematically, such as dancing, for example. In order to investigate whether the mood states can influence functional components and the interference of physical exercise on these aspects, this study was carried out with 30 individuals, equally assigned into two groups (training group and control group). The Training Group participated in a dance protocol (one-hour session, three times a week for 12 weeks) and the Control Group did not attend any physical activity program. All participants were evaluated by means of the Illustrated and Reduced Mood States List and the battery tests of AAHPERD. For mood states analysis, it was used the binomial test with 5% significance level and a pre-to-post comparison. Regarding the components of functional capacity, a two-way ANOVA was used for repeated measures, adopting the same level of signifi cance. No statistically significant changes on mood states changes were showed, although the functional components of coordination, agility and strength were improved after dance training. Older people who presented better functional levels also presented more intense positive mood states and maintained or reduced the negative ones. Those ones who were adherents to exercise along with more positive mood states showed better functional levels.

Psychometric properties of the Burnout Inventory for Referees / Propriedades psicométricas do Inventário de Burnout para Árbitros / Propriedades psicométricas del Inventário de Burnout para Árbitros

The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Burnout Inventory for Referees (BIR) in Portuguese in a sample of professional soccer referees and to explore the nomological validity of the inventory through concurrent validation. The analysis showed a factorial structure of burnout for the referees with one second order factor and three first order factors; physical and emotional exhaustion, reduced sense of accomplishment and sport devaluation. A cross-validation procedure showed that the factor structure was replicable, and the inventory demonstrated internal reliability as well as convergent and discriminant validity. In addition, the study assessed the concurrent validity of the inventory by examining the correlation between the scores of the Burnout Inventory for Referees and the scores of the Profile of Mood States (POMS). The subscales of burnout and total burnout were positively correlated with tension, depression, anger, fatigue and confusion and negatively with vigor, as expected. In conclusion, the Portuguese version of BIR presents good evidence of validity and reliability in the assessment of referees who may be at risk of suffering from burnout...

"Propriedades psicométricas do Inventário de Burnout para Árbitros." O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as propriedades psicométricas do Inventario de Burnout para Árbitros (BIR) em português em uma amostra de árbitros de futebol profissional e explorar a validade nomológica do inventário através da validação concorrente. A análise mostrou uma estrutura fatorial de burnout para os árbitros com um segundo fator de ordem e três primeiros fatores de ordem; esgotamento físico e emocional, reduzido senso de realização e desvalorização esportiva. Um procedimento de validação mostrou que a estrutura de fator é replicável e o inventario apresenta uma confiabilidade interna, validade convergente e discriminante. Além do mais, o estudo avaliou a validade concorrente do inventario através da correlação entre os escores do BIR e o Perfil dos Estados de Humor (POMS). As subescalas de burnout e o burnout total se correlacionaram positivamente com a tensão, depressão, raiva, fadiga e confusão e negativamente com vigor, como esperado. Para concluir, o BIR em português mostrou ser confiável e válido na avaliação de árbitros que podem estar em situação de risco para o burnout...

"Propriedades psicométricas del Inventário de Burnout para Árbitros." El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Burnout para Árbitros (BIR) en portugués en una muestra de árbitros de fútbol profesional y explorar la validez nomological del inventario a través de la validación concurrente. El análisis mostró una estructura del factorial de burnout para los árbitros con un segundo factor de orden y tres primeros factores de orden; agotamiento físico y emocional, sentido de realización reducido y devaluación del deporte. Un procedimiento de validación mostró que la estructura del factor era replicable, y el inventario demostró la fiabilidad interna, validez convergente y discriminante. Además, el estudio evaluó la validez concurrente del inventario a través de la correlación entre los escores del BIR y el Perfil de los Estados de Humor (POMS). Las sub-escalas de burnout y burnout total se correlacionaron positivamente con tensión, depresión, rabia, fatiga y confusión y negativamente con el vigor, como esperado. Para concluir, el BIR en portugués presenta el testimonio confiable de validez y fiabilidad en la evaluación de árbitros que pueden estar en peligro del sufrimiento de burnout...

Relationship between functional fitness, medication costs and mood in elderly people / Relações entre aptidão física funcional, custos com consumo de medicamentos e estados de humor em pessoas idosas

Objective: to verify if functional fitness (FF) is associated with the annual cost of medication consumption and mood states (MSt) in elderly people. Methods: a cross-sectional study with 229 elderly people aged 65 years or more at Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Coimbra, Portugal. Seniors with physical and psychological limitations were excluded, as well as those using medication that limits performance on the tests. The Senior Fitness Test was used to evaluate FF, and the Profile of Mood States - Short Form to evaluate the MSt. The statistical analysis was based on Mancova, with adjustment for age, for comparison between men and women, and adjustment for sex, for comparison between cardiorespiratory fitness quintiles. The association between the variables under study was made with partial correlation, controlling for the effects of age, sex and body mass index. Results: an inverse correlation between cardiorespiratory fitness and the annual cost of medication consumption was found (p < 0.01). FF is also inversely associated with MSt (p < 0.05). Comparisons between cardiorespiratory fitness quintiles showed higher medication consumption costs in seniors with lower aerobic endurance, as well as higher deterioration in MSt (p < 0.01). Conclusion: elderly people with better FF and, specifically, better cardiorespiratory fitness present lower medication consumption costs and a more positive MSt. .

Objetivo: verificar se a aptidão física funcional (AFF) tem associação com o custo anual de consumo de medicamentos e com os estados de humor (EH) em pessoas idosas. Métodos: estudo transversal com 229 idosos de 65 anos de idade ou mais da Instituição Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Coimbra, Portugal. Foram excluídos os idosos com limitações físicas e psicológicas e os que usavam medicamentos que condicionariam a realização dos testes. Foram utilizados a bateria Senior Fitness Test e o questionário Profile of Mood States - Short Form como instrumentos de coleta de dados. A análise estatística recorreu à Mancova, com ajuste de idade, para comparação entre homens e mulheres, e ajustada também para o sexo, para comparação entre quintis da aptidão cardiorrespiratória. A associação entre as variáveis de interesse foi feita com a correlação parcial, corrigindo o efeito da idade, do sexo e do índice de massa corpórea. Resultados: verificou-se a existência de correlação inversa entre a aptidão cardiorrespiratória e o custo anual de consumo de medicamentos (p < 0,01). A AFF associou-se também inversamente com os EH (p < 0,05). As comparações entre os quintis da aptidão cardiorrespiratória revelaram maior consumo de medicamentos em idosos com menor resistência aeróbia, assim como maior deterioração dos EH (p < 0,01). Conclusão: idosos com melhor AFF e, particularmente, melhor aptidão cardiorrespiratória apresentam menores custos com consumo de medicamentos e EH mais positivos. .

Efeitos de uma atividade de dança dentro da escola nos estados de ânimo de alunos / Effects of activity within the school dance in the states of minds of stundents / Efectos de la actividad dentro de la escuela de danza en los estados de la mente de los estudiantes

A história da dança acompanha a da humanidade, sendo a dança considerada como uma das mais antigas artes. A abrangência de sua atuação está voltada para as várias dimensões do ser humano, como a física, a emocional, a social e a espiritual, e em função de sua riqueza de atuação ela pode estar incorporada como conteúdo nas aulas de Educação Física Escolar. Uma das maneiras de verificar o impacto emocional de uma atividade motora, no caso a dança, é através do estudo dos estados de ânimo. Este trabalho delimitou-se ao campo de interferência psicológica da dança buscando verificar os efeitos de sua prática nos estados de ânimo de alunos do Ensino Fundamental. Participaram do estudo 34 alunos, com idade média de12,3 anos, das turmas do 6º ao 9º ano da Escola Municipal de uma cidade do interior de São Paulo...

The story follows the dance of mankind, considered as one of the oldest arts. Thescope of its work is focused on the various dimensions of human being as the physical, emotional, social and spiritual. Due to its wealth of expertise it can beincorporated as content in school physical education classes. One way to check theemotional impact of a motor activity, where the dance is through the study ofmoods. This study was delimited to the field of psychological interference dancetrying to verify the effects of practice on the mood of elementary school students. There were 34 participants of the public school the 6º to 9º year of the interior of São Paulo with an average age of 12,3...

La historia de la danza sigue a la de la humanidad, considerada como una de las artes más antiguas. El alcance de su trabajo se centra en las diversas dimensionesdel ser humano como la espiritual, física, emocional y social. Debido a su riqueza en la actuación, este tipo de actividad puede ser incorporada como contenido en las clases de educación física escolar. Una de las maneras de comprobar el impacto emocional de una actividad motriz, en este caso la danza, es a través del estudio delos estados de ánimo. Este estudio ha sido delimitado al ámbito de la interferencia psicológica, con el objetivo de verificar los efectos de la práctica en el estado de ánimo de la enseñanza fundamental. Participaron del estudio 34 alumnos del 6º al9º año de la “Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental” de una ciudad hacia el interior de São Paulo con una edad media de 12,3 anos...

Effects of Mindfulness Behavior Training on Mood States and Quality of Life in Old Patients post Fixation for Hip Fracture / 中国康复理论与实践

@# Objective To investigate the effects of mindfulness behavior training on mood states and quality of life in old patients post fixation for hip fracture. Methods Patients were randomly divided into experiment group (n=30) and control group (n=30). The control group received routine rehabilitation, while the experiment group received mindfulness practice therapy in addition. They were evaluated with Profile of Mood States (POMS), Short Form of Health Survey (SF-36), and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) before and 5 weeks after treatment. Results There was no difference in the scores of POMS, MAAS and SF-36 before treatment (P>0.05). The scores of MAAS and SF-36, the subscores of tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, fatigue-inertia and vigor-activity of POMS improved more in the experiment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Mindfulness behavior training can improve the mood state and quality of life of old patients post fixation for hip fracture.

Effects of Mindfulness Behavior Training on Mood States and Quality of Life in Old Patients post Fixation for Hip Fracture / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To investigate the effects of mindfulness behavior training on mood states and quality of life in old patients post fixation for hip fracture. Methods Patients were randomly divided into experiment group (n=30) and control group (n=30). The control group received routine rehabilitation, while the experiment group received mindfulness practice therapy in addition. They were evaluated with Profile of Mood States (POMS), Short Form of Health Survey (SF-36), and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) before and 5 weeks after treatment. Results There was no difference in the scores of POMS, MAAS and SF-36 before treatment (P>0.05). The scores of MAAS and SF-36, the subscores of tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, fatigue-inertia and vigor-activity of POMS improved more in the experiment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Mindfulness behavior training can improve the mood state and quality of life of old patients post fixation for hip fracture.

Is positive affect in pregnancy protective of postpartum depression?

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the predictive/protective role of negative affect/positive affect in late pregnancy on the outcome of postpartum depression. METHODS: A total of 491 pregnant women participated in the study. The participants were asked to fill out a series of questionnaires, which included the Profile of Mood States, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, psychosocial variables and socio-demographic characteristics and were asked to participate in a psychiatric interview. After delivery, 272 mothers participated again in the study and filled out a similar series of questionnaires. RESULTS: Negative affect was associated with more intense depressive symptomatology, more self-perceived stress, lower self-reported social support, lower quality of life and perception of having a more difficult infant. By contrast, positive affect was negatively associated with these variables. Negative affect in late pregnancy increased the likelihood of experiencing postpartum depression (DSM-IV/OR = 2.1, 95%CI = 1.3-3.4, p = .003; ICD-10/OR = 2.1, 95%CI = 1.5-3.0, p < .001), while positive affect increased the odds of not having this condition (DSM-IV/OR = 2.0, 95%CI = 1.5-2.7, p = .042). CONCLUSION: In pregnancy, negative affect was a predictor of postpartum depression, whereas positive affect showed a protective role. Future studies are required to explore whether psychotherapeutic strategies focusing on decreasing negative affect and enhancing positive affect in the last trimester of pregnancy can reduce the risk of postpartum depression.

Relationship between the Psychological Stress Responses and Self-Efficacy in Pharmacy Students during Hospital Practical Training / 医薬品情報学

<b>Objective: </b>Pharmacy students are considered to experience various forms of stress during long-term practical training in the 6-year pharmacy education.  This study examined relationships between psychological stress responses and self-efficacy involving 77 subjects who consented to join this study in practical training conducted at Teikyo University Hospital (2010-2011FY).<br><b>Methods: </b>This study used the Profile of Mood States (POMS) for evaluating the psychological response, and an assessment form consisted of 20 items including interpersonal relationships, contents of practical training and health/life/stress coping for self-efficacy before, during, and after the training.<br><b>Results: </b>In the POMS, only the state of ‘vigor’ showed a significant difference in a comparison among before, during, and after the training; however, no significant change was observed in other mood states.  These results suggested that the students were under mild stress during the training.  Their self-efficacy was increased after the training in all 20 items except “contacting university instructors during the training”.  The results also showed that there was an association between self-efficacy and psychological stress responses.<br><b>Conclusions: </b>It is considered important that instructors and pharmacy technicians involved in pharmacy practice should understand the levels of individual stress responses or interpersonal communication skills to utilize them for coaching and maintaining students’ mental health.

Absence of the predisposing factors and signs and symptoms usually associated with overreaching and overtraining in physical fitness centers

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of the well-known predisposing factors and signs and symptoms usually associated with either overreaching or overtraining syndrome in physical fitness centers in São Paulo City, Brazil. METHOD: A questionnaire consisting of 13 question groups pertaining to either predisposing factors (1-7) or signs and symptoms (8-13) was given to 413 subjects. The general training schedule of the volunteers was characterized by workout sessions of 2.18 ± 0.04 h for a total of 11.0 ± 0.3 h/week for 33 ± 2 months independent of the type of exercise performed (walking, running, spinning, bodybuilding and stretching). A mean score was calculated ranging from 1 (completely absent) to 5 (severe) for each question group. A low occurrence was considered to be a question group score lower than 4, which was observed in all 13 question groups. RESULTS: The psychological evaluation by POMS Mood State Questionnaire indicated a normal non-inverted iceberg. The hematological parameters, creatine kinase activity, cortisol, total testosterone and free testosterone concentrations were within the normal ranges for the majority of the volunteers selected for this analysis (n = 60). CONCLUSION: According to the questionnaire score analysis, no predisposing factors or signs and symptoms usually associated with either overreaching or overtraining were detected among the members of physical fitness centers in São Paulo City, Brazil. This observation was corroborated by the absence of any significant hematological or stress hormone level alterations in blood analyses of the majority of the selected volunteers (n = 60).