ABSTRACT
Metodología: Estudio retrospectivo, de casos y controles para comparar la morbilidad y mortalidad de los neonatos pretérminos tardíos (34 0/7 semanas a 36 6/7 semanas) en relación con los neonatos de término que fueron atendidos en el Hospital del Niño de Panamá, en el segundo semestre de 2011. Se tomaron todos los pretérminos tardíos en el período de estudio y se comparan con controles en relación 1:1. Los datos fueron obtenidos en la sección de Registros Estadísticos de Salud (REGES) del Hospital del Niño. Resultados: Hubo un total de 9118 nacimientos en este período, de los cuales 605 nacimientos fueron de pretérminos tardíos. Se excluyen 148 expedientes y se analizan 457 expedientes de cada grupo. Comparados con los neonatos de término, los pretérminos tardíos tienen mayor morbilidad (44.58% vs 8.10%): respiratoria (20.57% vs 1.75%), infecciosa (17.72% vs 2.63%), hipotermia (7.88% vs 0.44%), problemas de alimentación (6.78% vs 0.22%) y la Hiperbilirrubinemia que amerita fototerapia (22.92% vs 4.6%). Se encontró una mayor estancia intrahospitalaria (11.2 días vs 7.3 días) y costos intrahospitalarios (10 veces mayor). No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa en cuanto a hipoglicemia y mortalidad. Conclusión: los pretérminos tardíos tienen un riesgo importante de 11 veces más de desarrollar morbilidad y una mayor estancia intrahospitalaria generando más costos hospitalarios.
Methods: Case-control, retrospective study to compare the morbidity and mortality between late preterm infants (34 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks of gestation) and full term infants that was attended in the Hospital del Niño of Panamá, in the period of second semester of 2011. All late preterm infants will be included and compared with 1:1 relationship to control term infants group. Data was obtained at Health Statistics Register (HSR) of Hospital del Niño. Results: During this study, born 9118 infants. 605 neonates born late preterm infants. Data of 148 late preterm infants were excluded and 457 infants were analyzed of each group. Compared with the full term infants, late preterm infants have a higher morbidity (44.58% vs 8.10%): respiratory distress (20.57% vs 1.75%), infectious problems (17.72% vs 2.63%), hypothermia (7.88% vs 0.44%), feeding problems (6.78% vs 0.22%) and jaundice requiring phototherapy (22.92% vs 4.6%). They have a higher hospitalization stay (mean, 11.2 days vs 7.3 days) and costs (10 times higher). Hypoglycemia and mortality was not statistically significant between the both groups. Conclusion: the late preterm has a significant risk of developing 11 times greater morbidity and hospital stay generating more hospital costs.
ABSTRACT
As fraturas osteoporóticas de fêmur proximal trazem graves conseqüências quanto à morbimortalidade e à qualidade de vida, mas desconhece-se este impacto no Brasil. OBJETIVO: Conhecer a morbimortalidade decorrente deste tipo de fraturas em idosos na cidade de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos todos os pacientes com mais de 60 anos internados por fraturas de fêmur proximal durante seis meses, em dois hospitais de São Paulo. Os pacientes preencheram o questionário de capacidade funcional (HAQ), tiveram seu prontuário examinado e foram reavaliados após seis meses. Utilizou-se a análise de regressão linear para determinar os fatores relacionados à capacidade funcional. RESULTADOS: Cinqüenta e seis pacientes foram incluídos no estudo (80,7 ± 7,9 anos; 80,4 por cento mulheres). A mortalidade em seis meses foi de 23,2 por cento. Apenas 30 por cento retornaram plenamente às suas atividades prévias e 11,6 por cento tornaram-se completamente dependentes. Os fatores que mais bem conseguiram prever pior capacidade funcional após a fratura foram HAQ pré-fratura, institucionalização pós-fratura e idade (r² 0,482). Somente 13,9 por cento receberam o diagnóstico de osteoporose e 11,6 por cento iniciaram algum tratamento. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados do presente estudo demonstram o impacto deste tipo de fraturas sobre a mortalidade e a capacidade funcional. Entretanto, a falha médica no diagnóstico e na orientação de tratamento da osteoporose permanece elevada.
OBJECTIVE: To know the morbid-mortality following an osteoporotic hip fracture in elderly patients living in São Paulo. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study evaluated prospectively all patient over 60 years admitted in 2 school-hospitals in the city of São Paulo in a following 6-month period due to a osteoporotic proximal femur fracture. All of them filled up the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and had their chart reviewed. After 6 months they were re-interviewed. Linear regression analysis was utilized to determine the factors related to functional ability. RESULTS: 56 patients were included (mean age 80.7 ± 7.9 years old, 80.4 percent females). After the 6-month follow up the mortality rate was 23.2 percent. Only 30 percent of the patients returned to their previous activities, and 11.6 percent became totally dependent. Factors related to worse functional ability after fracture were HAQ before fracture, institutionalization after fracture and age (r² 0.482). The diagnosis of osteoporosis was informed only by 13.9 percent of them, and just 11.6 percent received any treatment for that. CONCLUSION: Our results showed the great impact of these fractures on mortality and in the functional ability of these patients. Nevertheless, many of our physicians do not inform the patients about the diagnosis of osteoporosis and, consequently, the treatment of this condition is jeopardized.