Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 3 de 3
Filter
Add filters








Year range
1.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 16(4): [e170162], out. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-964041

ABSTRACT

Callichthyidae comprises the subfamilies Callichthyinae and Corydoradinae, both of which are morphologically distinct and monophyletic. Although there is consensus regarding the monophyly of the family, the relationships of about 80% of its species, currently included in the genus Corydoras, remain poorly known. Despite the vast amount of osteological information for Teleostei, knowledge regarding the phylogenetic implications of encephalon anatomy is sparse and represents a poorly explored source of potential characters. The present study aims to describe the encephalon morphology in members of the Callichthyidae in order to propose new characters that may help address phylogenetic questions regarding this group. In addition to representatives of Callichthyidae, specimens belonging to the Nematogenyidae, Trichomycteridae, Scoloplacidae, Astroblepidae and Loricariidae were dissected for comparative purposes. Head dissection revealed information on the structure of the medulla spinalis, rhombencephalon, mesencephalon, diencephalon and telencephalon. The conditions observed on the encephalons examined suggest that representatives of Callichthyidae have great taste perception and processing, while Corydoradinae stand out for visual acuity and Callichthyinae for mechanoreception processing subunits. Our results also indicate that the encephalon has important features for systematic studies of the family bringing greater resolution to current phylogenetic hypotheses.(AU)


Callichthyidae é composto por Callichthyinae e Corydoradinae, ambos morfologicamente distintos e monofiléticos. Apesar do consenso em relação ao mofiletismo da família, as relações de cerca de 80% de suas espécies, atualmente incluídas no gênero Corydoras, permanecem pouco conhecidas. Apesar da grande quantidade de informação osteológica sobre Teleostei, o conhecimento sobre as implicações filogenéticas da anatomia do encéfalo é escasso e, por isso, considerado uma fonte inexplorada de caracteres. O objetivo do presente estudo é a descrição morfológica dos encéfalos de Callichthyidae, fornecendo novos caracteres que podem elucidar questões filogenéticas para o grupo. Além dos representantes de Callichthyidae, espécimes pertencentes a Nematogenyidae, Trichomycteridae, Scoloplacidae, Astroblepidae e Loricariidae foram dissecados para fins comparativos. A dissecção do crânio revelou informações sobre a estrutura da medulla spinalis, rhombencephalon, mesencephalon, diencephalon e telencephalon. As condições observadas nos encéfalos sugerem que representantes de Callichthyidae possuem grande capacidade de percepção e processamento químico, enquanto os Corydoradinae se destacam pela acuidade visual e os Callichthyinae pelas unidades de processamento mecanoreceptoras. Nossos resultados indicam que os encéfalos detêm características importantes para contribuir com estudos sobre a sistemática da família, trazendo maior resolução para as hipóteses atuais de reconstrução filogenética.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Catfishes/anatomy & histology , Catfishes/classification , Brain/anatomy & histology , Spinal Cord
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 34(1): 268-275, Mar. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-780504

ABSTRACT

El cerdo doméstico (Sus scrofa domestica) ha sido utilizado como modelo para estudiar métodos de implante en el oído medio previo a estudios clínicos humanos. Diferentes investigaciones han destacado la utilidad en este ámbito, como también su alta comparabilidad morfológica en relación con los humanos. Sin embargo, las descripciones anatómicas sobre sus huesecillos auditivos son insuficientes, al igual que las comparaciones en relación con el humano. Por ello, con el objetivo de realizar una descripción detallada de la anatomía de dichos huesecillos comparados con los del humano, se procedió a disecar seis cabezas de cerdo, de las cuales se extrajeron sus huesecillos para observar su morfología. Los resultados preliminares demostraron que la cadena de huesecillos del Cerdo comparte la presencia de las mismas formaciones anatómicas que se pueden identificar en los huesecillos del hombre, pero aún así existen diferencias descriptivas y morfométricas en la morfología de ellas. Los resultados permitieron concluir que existe alta comparabilidad morfológica entre ambas cadenas de huesecillos debido a sus diferencias y similitudes, lo cual lo hace ser un buen modelo didáctico para el estudio y la enseñanza de la morfología auditiva en distintos niveles educacionales.


The domestic Pig (Sus scrofa domestica)has been used as a model to study implants methods in clinical cases of the human middle ear. Different studies have highlighted the usefulness in this area, as well as its high morphological comparability with regard to humans. However, the anatomical descriptions about its ear bones are scarce, as comparisons in relation to the human. Therefore, in order to make a detailed description of the anatomy of these bones compared to human, it was necessary to dissect six pig heads of which its ossicles were removed to observe its morphology. Preliminary results showed that the pig'sossicles share the same anatomical formations that can be identified in the human ones, but there are some descriptive and morphometric differences in its morphology. The results concluded that there is high comparability between both morphological ossicular chains due to their differences and similarities, which makes it a great teaching model for the study and teaching of auditory morphology at different educational levels.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Ear Ossicles/anatomy & histology , Humans/anatomy & histology , Sus scrofa/anatomy & histology , Incus/anatomy & histology , Malleus/anatomy & histology , Stapes/anatomy & histology
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(4): 1490-1496, dic. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-670169

ABSTRACT

La placenta, anexo embrionario propio de los mamíferos placentados, imprescindible para la supervivencia embriofetal, está formada por la zona más superficial del endometrio y el corion, asociado con el saco vitelino o el alantoides, dependiendo de la especie. La placenta provee el intercambio gaseoso y nutricio entre la madre y el feto, secreta hormonas y posee propiedades inmunosupresoras. Existen diferentes criterios para clasificar la placenta; de acuerdo a la distribución de las vellosidades coriales de la placenta: difusa, cotiledonaria, zonaria y discoidal; de acuerdo a las características histológicas de la placenta: epiteliocorial, sindesmocorial, endoteliocorial y hemocorial.


The placenta is an extraembryonic membrane of placental mammals, essential for embryo survival. It is formed by the most superficial zone of the endometrium and the chorion, associated with the yolk sac or allantois, depending on the species. The placenta provides gas and nutrient exchange between mother and fetus, secretes hormones and has immunosuppressive properties. There are different criteria to classify the placenta; i. e. according to the distribution of the chorionic villi of the placenta: diffuse, cotyledonary, zonaria and discoidal; according to the histological characteristics of the placenta: epitheliochorial, syndesmochorial, endotheliochorial and hemocorial.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Female , Placenta/anatomy & histology , Anatomy, Comparative , Histology, Comparative
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL