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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(4): 1116-1122, ago. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385437

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar los movimientos preferidos en maxila y mandíbula para obtener normalidad en morfología facial utilizando técnicas de superimposición en análisis 3D. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo para evaluar el desplazamiento óseo bimaxilar y del hueso hioides en sujetos clase facial tipo II y clase facial tipo III sometidos a cirugía ortognática. Para la superimposición se utilizó como puntos fijos Nasion - Silla - Porion y la sutura cigomática-maxilar. Estos puntos se superpusieron en CBCT pre quirúrgico y postquirúrgico y se evaluó el desplazamiento de la espina nasal anterior, Punto A, Punto B, mentón y del hueso hioides. Para la evaluación y comparación de las variables continuas antes y después de la cirugía ortognática se utilizó la prueba T de Student. Para la correlación entre las variables, se utilizó el Test de Spearman considerando un valor p<0,05 como diferencia significativa. 44 sujetos de entre 18 y 40 años de ambos sexos, fueron incluidos en esta investigación. En el 90 % de los sujetos se realizó un movimiento sagital de avance de la maxila. El movimiento sagital de avance mandibular se realizó en el 100 % de los sujetos con clase facial tipo II, mientras que el 100 % de los sujetos con clase facial tipo III se realizó se le retroceso mandibular. El hueso hioides presentó un avance en 26 de los 27 sujetos con clase facial tipo III. Es posible concluir que existe una tendencia al avance maxilar independiente de la deformidad facial.


ABSTRACT: The objective of this research was to determine the preferred movements in the maxilla and mandible to obtain normality in facial morphology using superimposition techniques in 3D analysis. A descriptive study was carried out to evaluate bimaxillary bone displacement and hyoid bone in subjects facial class II and facial class III undergoing orthognathic surgery. were used as fixed points for superimposition: Nasion (N) - Silla (S) - Porion (Po) and the zygomatic-maxillary suture (Z). These points were superimposed in pre-surgical and post- surgical CBCT and was evaluated to displacement of the anterior nasal spine, Point A, Point B, Chin and the hyoid bone. For the evaluation and comparison of continuous variables before and after orthognathic surgery, was used the Student's t test. For the correlation between the variables, the Spearman test is used, considering a p value <0.05 as a significant difference. 44 subjects between 18 and 40 years old of both sexes were included in this research. A 90% of subjects a was performed a maxillay sagittal movement. The sagittal movement of mandibular advancement was performed in 100% with facial class type II, while 100 % of the subjects with with facial class type III had a mandibular recession. The hyoid bone advanced in 26 of the 27 subjects with facial class type II. It is possible to conclude that there is a tendency for maxillary advancement, independent of facial deformity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Face/anatomy & histology , Face/surgery , Cephalometry , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Face/diagnostic imaging , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Orthognathic Surgical Procedures , Hyoid Bone/anatomy & histology , Maxilla/anatomy & histology
2.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 86(6): 711-719, Nov.-Dec. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1142595

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: In the pediatric population, computed tomography examination of the upper cervical spine plays an important role in the diagnosis of neurological injuries involving that region. Due to the interconnected nature of the craniofacial structures, a structural change in one is expected to also cause changes in the other structures. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate relationships between atlantodental interval, cervical vertebral morphology, and facial structure in healthy adolescents using cone beam computed tomography. Methods: Thirty subjects aged 14-20 years (10 males, mean age: 17.2 years; 20 females, mean age: 17.9 years) were included in the study. The anterior, lateral and posterior atlantodental intervals, and vertical and anteroposterior dimensions of the first and second cervical vertebrae were evaluated from cone beam computed tomography images. Facial morphology was evaluated using 7 parameters on lateral cephalometric cone beam computed tomography images and 6 parameters on posteroanterior images. The Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon test were used for statistical analyses. Results: Comparisons between males and females showed that most parameters were larger in males, with significant differences in vertical facial dimensions (anterior lower face height: p= 0.05; anterior upper face height: p= 0.001), (distance between the most internal point of the frontozygomatic suture and midsagittal reference plane; p= 0.01), (the distance between the deepest point of the right alveolar maxillar process and midsagittal reference plane; p= 0.001), and C2 vertebral dimensions. The anterior and lateral atlantodental interval values correlated with maxilla position relative to the mandible angle, and the anterior atlantodental interval correlated with lower anterior facial height (p= 0.05). Dimensional measurements of the C1 and C2 vertebrae were correlated with both anterior facial heights and some posteroanterior parameters. Conclusion: Sagittal, vertical, and transverse facial dimensions and positions were strongly associated with C1 and C2 vertebral dimensions, and the maxillomandibular relationship may affect atlantodental interval. Therefore, including craniofacial features in assessment of the atlantodental area and vertebral distances in adolescents may be beneficial.


Resumo Introdução: Na população pediátrica, a tomografia computadorizada da coluna cervical alta tem um importante papel no diagnóstico de lesões neurológicas que envolvem essa região. Devido à natureza interconectada das estruturas craniofaciais, espera-se que uma mudança estrutural em uma delas também cause alterações nas outras estruturas. Objetivo: Avaliar as relações entre o intervalo atlantodental, a morfologia vertebral cervical e a estrutura facial em adolescentes saudáveis com a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. Método: Trinta indivíduos entre 14 e 20 anos (10 homens, média de 17,2 anos; 20 mulheres, média de 17,9 anos) foram incluídos no estudo. O intervalo atlantodental anterior, lateral e posterior e as dimensões vertical e anteroposterior da primeira e segunda vértebras cervicais foram avaliados a partir de imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. A morfologia facial foi avaliada utilizando-se sete parâmetros em imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico cefalométricas laterais e seis parâmetros em imagens posteroanteriores. O teste U de Mann-Whitney e o teste de Wilcoxon foram utilizados para as análises estatísticas. Resultados: As comparações entre homens e mulheres mostraram que em sua maioria os parâmetros foram maiores no sexo masculino, com diferenças significantes nas dimensões faciais verticais (altura facial anterior inferior: p = 0,05; altura facial anterior superior: p = 0,001), distância entre o ponto mais interno da sutura fronto-zigomática e plano de referência médio-sagital; p = 0,01distância entre o ponto mais profundo do processo alveolar do maxilar direito e o plano de referência médio-sagital; p = 0,001) e as dimensões do corpo vertebral C2. O intervalo atlantodental anterior e lateral correlacionaram-se com o ângulo da posição da maxila em relação à mandíbula e o intervalo atlantodental anterior correlacionou-se com altura facial anterior inferior (p = 0,05). Medidas das dimensões das vértebras C1 e C2 foram correlacionadas com as alturas faciais anteriores e alguns parâmetros póstero-anteriores. Conclusão: As dimensões e posições faciais sagitais, verticais e transversais foram fortemente associadas às dimensões dos corpos vertebrais C1 e C2 e a relação maxilomandibular pode afetar o intervalo atlantodental. Portanto, incluir características craniofaciais na avaliação da área atlantodental e das distâncias vertebrais em adolescentes pode ser benéfico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Face/anatomy & histology , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Mandible , Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Cephalometry
3.
CES odontol ; 33(2): 23-38, jul.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285748

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción y objetivo: Las asimetrías faciales son un motivo de consulta estética y funcional frecuente (35%) en la consulta de cirugía maxilofacial. Describir las variaciones morfológicas óseas craneofaciales en pacientes con asimetría facial. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, en 53 pacientes (23 hombres, 30 mujeres) con asimetría facial. Mediante tomografía axial computarizada y reconstrucción 3D se describieron las características anatómicas del lado largo que expone la asimetría y del lado contralateral (lado corto hacia donde se desvía la mandíbula), en los planos frontal y sagital. Resultados: Se identificaron cinco categorías de asimetría facial: Elongación hemimandibular, (EH, n = 26; 49%) Hiperplasia hemimandibular (n = 4; 7.5%), Prognatismo mandibular asimétrico (PMA, n = 14; 25,4%), Asimetría de cavidad glenoidea, (n = 2; 3.8%) y laterognatismo funcional (n = 7; 13,2%). En 64.1% de los casos la desviación mandibular era del lado izquierdo. En el plano frontal se observó mayor distancia desde el plano medio sagital a los puntos malar, yugal y gonion en el lado contralateral (p<0.05). En el plano sagital, el ancho de la rama mandibular era mayor en el lado desplazado (p<0.05) y la longitud del cuerpo mandibular era mayor en el lado contralateral (p<0.001). en las asimetrías más prevalentes (EH y PMA), la presencia de una desviación de la sínfisis > 5.1mm da mayor probabilidad de EH [OR: 4.05, IC95%: 1.02-16.0]. Conclusión: Los pacientes con asimetría facial presentaron diferencias morfológicas craneofaciales en los planos frontal y sagital, que ayudan a identificar las diferentes entidades que causan esta alteración.


Abstract Introduction and objetive: Facial asymmetries are a frequent esthetic and functional problem.To describe the craniofacial morphologic variability, in patients with facial asymmetry. Materials and methods: 53 patients (23 men and 30 women) with facial asymmetry were studied using 3D computed axial tomography reconstruction. The long side, exhibiting the asymmetry, and the contralateral side (shorter side presenting mandibular deviation), were compared in frontal and sagittal planes. Results: Five kinds of facial asymmetry were identified: Hemimandibular elongation (HE, n = 26; 49%) Hemimandibular hyperplasia (n = 4; 7.5%), asymmetric mandibular prognathism (PMA, n = 14; 25.4%), glenoid fossa asymmetry (n = 2; 3.8%) and functional laterognathism. (n = 7; 13,2%). 64.1% cases had left side mandibular deviation. In the frontal plane the distance from the mid-sagittal plane to malar, yugal and gonion point was higher in the contralateral side (p<0.05). In the sagittal plane mandibular ramus width was higher in the displaced side (p<0.05) and mandibular body length was higher in the contralateral side (p<0.001). Regarding the two most prevalent groups (HE and AMP), the presence of a symphysis deviation > 5.1mm is associated to higher probability of having HE [OR: 4.05, CI 95%: 1.02-16.0]. Conclusion: Patients with facial asymmetry present craniofacial morphological side differences in the frontal and sagittal planes, useful to identify different entities that cause this alteration.


Resumo Introdução y objectivo: As assimetrias faciais são um motivo frequente de consulta estética e funcional (35%) na cirurgia maxilofacial. Descrever as variações morfológicas do osso craniofacial em pacientes com assimetria facial. Materiais e métodos: Estudo descritivo, em 53 pacientes (23 homens, 30 mulheres) com assimetria facial. Através de tomografia axial computorizada e reconstrução 3D, foram descritas as características anatómicas do lado longo expondo a assimetria e do lado contralateral (lado curto para o qual a mandíbula é desviada), nos planos frontal e sagital. Resultados: Foram identificadas cinco categorias de assimetria facial: alongamento hemimandibular, (EH, n = 26; 49%) hiperplasia hemimandibular, (n = 4; 7,5%), prognatismo assimétrico mandibular, (PMA, n = 14; 25,4%), assimetria da cavidade glenoidal, (n = 2; 3,8%) e laterognatismo funcional, (n = 7; 13,2%). Em 64,1% dos casos, o desvio mandibular foi do lado esquerdo. No plano frontal havia uma maior distância do plano médio sagital aos pontos malar, yugal e gonion do lado contralateral (p<0,05). No plano sagital, a largura do ramo mandibular foi maior no lado deslocado (p<0,05) e o comprimento do corpo mandibular foi maior no lado contralateral (p<0,001). Nas assimetrias mais prevalentes (HD e PMA), a presença de um desvio da sínfise > 5,1mm dá uma maior probabilidade de HD [OU: 4,05, IC 95%: 1,02-16,0]. Conclusão: Os pacientes com assimetria facial apresentaram diferenças morfológicas craniofaciais nos planos frontal e sagital, que ajudam a identificar as diferentes entidades causadoras desta alteração.

4.
Int. j. morphol ; 36(1): 169-174, Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-893206

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: Los análisis cefalométricos, a partir de una radiografía lateral de cráneo, son amplios y variados considerando tanto los patrones funcionales como los de estética facial. Entre las técnicas de medición en cefalometría, Ricketts y de McNamara son ampliamente utilizados; ambas le entregan importancia a determinar la posición del maxilar y de la mandíbula con diferentes relaciones esqueletales. El objetivo de esta investigación es comparar ambas técnicas en una población joven de Ecuador; se realizó un análisis de concordancia utilizando el índice kappa de Cohen entre los resultados de las mediciones correspondientes a 44 radiografías cefálicas laterales de sujetos jóvenes entre 18 y 27 años de edad, de ambos sexos. En relación a la posición maxilar, el 56,82 % (IC 95 %: 42,18 % - 71,45 %) coinciden en el diagnóstico de protrusión maxilar; el índice de concordancia kappa de Cohen fue de 0,599 (IC 95 %: 0,354 - 0,854) con un valor p<0,05. En relación a la posición mandibular, el 50,0 % (IC 95 %: 35,23 % - 64,77 %) coinciden en el diagnóstico de retrusión mandibular; el índice kappa de Cohen fue de 0,460 (IC 95 % 0,229 - 0,691) con un valor p<0,05. Se concluye que, a pesar de manejar puntos de referencia cefalométricos diferentes, las dos técnicas de medición cráneo-facial son útiles para el estudio de posición de maxila y mandíbula. Existen diferencias entre algunos analisis de ambos estudios que pueden incidir en la selección terapéutica de potenciales pacientes.


SUMMARY: The cephalometric analyses from a lateral cranial radiograph, are wide and varied considering both functional and facial aesthetic patterns. Among the measurement techniques in cephalometry, Ricketts and McNamara are widely used; they both give importance to determine the position of the maxilla and mandible with different skeletal relationships. The objective of this research is to compare both techniques in a young population of Ecuador. A concordance analysis was performed using Cohen's kappa index between the results of the measurements corresponding to 44 lateral cephalic radiographs of young subjects between 18 and 27 years of age, of both sexes. In relation to the maxillary position, 56.82 % (95 % CI: 42.18 % - 71.45 %) coincide in the diagnosis of maxillary protrusion. Cohen's kappa concordance index was 0.599 (95 % CI: 0.354-0.854) with a p-value < 0.05. In relation to the mandibular position, 50.0 % (95% CI: 35.23 % 64.77 %) coincide in the diagnosis of mandibular retrusion. Cohen's kappa index was 0.460 (95 % CI 0.229 - 0.691) with a p-value < 0.05. It is concluded that, despite handling different cephalometric reference points, the two craniofacial measurement techniques are useful for the study of maxilla and mandible position. There are differences between some analyses of both studies that may affect the therapeutic selection of potential patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Cephalometry/methods , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Maxilla/anatomy & histology , Ecuador , Teleradiology
5.
CoDAS ; 28(4): 409-416, jul.-ago. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-795258

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar e analisar possíveis correlações entre a atividade elétrica dos músculos temporais e masseteres, a força de mordida e os índices morfológicos da face, em indivíduos adultos. Método Participaram 43 indivíduos, adultos jovens de ambos os gêneros, entre 18 e 37 anos, submetidos à mensuração da face para cálculo do Índice Morfológico da Face (IMF), Eletromiografia de Superfície (EMGs) de Masseteres Direitos e Esquerdos (MD e ME), Temporais Direitos e Esquerdos (TD e TE) e obtenção da Força de Mordida (FM) nas regiões de pré-molares direitos, pré-molares esquerdos e incisivos. As provas eletromiográficas realizadas foram em repouso, Contração Voluntária Isométrica Máxima (CVIM) e mastigação habitual de uva-passa. Foi realizada análise estatística pelo coeficiente de correlação de Spearman com significância no nível de 5%. Resultados Os valores de repouso em TD e TE foram significativamente maiores que os de MD e ME. Foi encontrada correlação direta significativa entre IMF e a EMGs na prova de CVIM para o TE (rs=36, p=0,017). Observou-se correlação direta significativa entre o IMF com a EMGs durante a FM em Incisivos para os músculos TD, TE e Masseter Direito (MD). Durante as provas de força, foi possível observar correlação direta significativa entre a FM em pré-molares direitos com a EMGs do TE, MD, ME. Conclusões Não foi verificada correlação entre as respostas elétricas dos músculos temporais e masseteres, a força de mordida e os índices morfológicos da face, em indivíduos adultos a partir das provas realizadas. A atividade elétrica dos músculos temporais e masseteres parece associar-se apenas à força de mordida. Como dado de característica postural habitual, a atividade elétrica dos músculos temporais é maior que a atividade de masseteres, também independente do IMF.


ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze possible correlations between the electrical activity of masseter and temporal muscles, Bite Force (BF), and Morphological Facial Indices (MFI). Methods The study involved 43 young adults, both genders, 18 to 37 years old. The individuals were submitted to: face measurement to calculate MFI; Masseter and Temporal Surface Electromyography (sEMG) and BF measurements on right and left premolars and incisors. The following electromyographic tests were conducted: at rest position; Maximal Voluntary Isometrical Contraction (MVIC) and usual chewing of raisins. Statistical analysis was conducted using the coefficient of Spearman correlation with significance level of 5%. Results The values at rest in the temporal muscles were significantly higher than those in the masseter muscles. A meaningful correlation was found between MFI and sEMG in the MVIC test for the Left Temporal (rs=36, p=0.017). A significant correlation was observed between FMI and sEMG during BF in incisors for temporal muscles and the Right Masseter. During the force tests, it was possible to observe a meaningful correlation between BF in right premolars and the sEMG of the Left Temporal and Masseters. Conclusion No correlation was found between the sEMG of temporal and masseter muscles, BF, and FMI in adult individuals based on the tests performed. The SEMG of temporal and masseter muscles seems to be associated only with BF. As a datum of habitual postural characteristic, the electrical activity of temporal muscles is higher than the activity of masseters, also regardless of MFI.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Temporal Muscle/anatomy & histology , Temporal Muscle/physiology , Bite Force , Electromyography , Masseter Muscle/anatomy & histology , Masseter Muscle/physiology , Mastication/physiology
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(4): 1536-1541, Dec. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-772350

ABSTRACT

Dentofacial deformities present some shades and variations that determine the inclusion of different anatomical components as part of the disease; the aim of this study was to ascertain the nasal characteristics in patients with a Class III dentofacial deformity. A descriptive study was conducted on 20 patients diagnosed with a Class III facial deformity and a surgical indication; frontal and lateral as well as CT images were taken to analyze variables of nasal morphology and deformities associated with the nasal bridge, tip and septum. The results showed that the nasal angles are outside normal parameters and that the basal width of the nose is approximately 3 mm smaller than the intercanthal width; 45% of the subjects have lateral deviations, 50% bridge deformity and 80% septum deviation. It is concluded that there are nasal deformities in subjects with a Class III facial deformity and that this component must be carefully evaluated in the preoperative stage.


Las deformidades dentofaciales presentan algunos matices y variaciones que determinan la inclusión de diferentes componentes anatómicos dentro de la enfermedad; el objetivo de esta investigación es conocer las características de la nariz en pacientes con deformidad dentofacial de clase III. Se desarrollo un estudio descriptivo en 20 pacientes con diagnóstico de deformidad facial declase III e indicación quirúrgica; se estudiaron análisis fotográficos frontales y laterales así como tomografías computadorizadas para analizar variables de morfología nasal y deformidades asociadas al puente nasal, punta nasal y septo nasal. Los resultados demostraron que los ángulos nasales se encuentran fuera de los parámetros de normalidad y que el ancho basal de la nariz es aproximadamente 3 mm menor que el ancho intercantal; el 45% de los sujetos presentó desviación lateral, 50% deformidad del puente nasal y el 80% desvío de septo nasal. Se concluye que existen deformidades nasales en sujetos con deformidad facial de clase III y que este componente debe ser evaluado criteriosamente en la etapa preoperatoria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Face/abnormalities , Malocclusion, Angle Class III , Nose/anatomy & histology
7.
Int. j. morphol ; 32(3): 1022-1025, Sept. 2014. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-728304

ABSTRACT

Class II and class III skeletal anomalies require treatments that are both esthetic and functional, so the purpose of this investigation was to study the relationship between facial soft and hard tissues of patients with class II and class III deformities in the lower third of the face. A descriptive study was designed which included class II subjects with a SNB angle less than 78 and class III with a SNA angle less than 80. The soft tissue width was analyzed in relation to the Pg point, A point, B point, and upper and lower incisor cervical points. The naso-labial angle and interincisal angle were also analyzed. The studies were done using cone beam computerized tomography and analyzed with the software Simplant O&O (Materialise, Belgium). The results revealed similarities in the measurements of the facial width soft tissues with differences of less 1 mm in the Pg point, A point, B point, upper incisor point; the greatest differences were observed between the two groups in thelower incisor cervical point, with almost 5 mm difference in tissue size. The naso-labial angle also presented differences between the two groups, being more closed in the class III than in the class II subjects (approximate difference of 6). It can be concluded that there are minimal differences in the soft tissue width in class II and class III subjects; other parameters can be analyzed to search for differences that influence treatment planning and strategies for these patients.


Las anomalías esqueletales de clase II y clase III requieren tratamientos que asocian estética y función. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar la relación entre tejidos blandos y duros faciales de pacientes con clase II y clase III facial, a nivel del tercio inferior facial. Se diseño un estudio descriptivo donde se incluyeron sujetos clase II con un ángulo SNB menor de 78 y clase III con un ángulo SNA menor de 80. Se analizó el ancho de tejidos blandos en relación a los putos Pg, punto A, punto B, y puntos cervicales de dientes incisivos maxilar y mandibular; también se analizaron los ángulos nasolabial e interincisivo; los estudios se realizaron en tomografía computadorizada cone beam y analizados en el software Simplant O&O (Materialise, Belgium). Los resultados demostraron semejanzas en las mediciones obtenidas en el ancho facial de tejidos blandos con diferencias menores a 1 mm en los puntos Pg, punto A, punto B y cervical incisivo maxilar; en relación al punto cervical del incisivo mandibular se observaron las mayores diferencias entre ambos grupos, cercanas a 5 mm de diferencia de tamaño en los tejidos; el ángulo nasolabial también presento diferencias entre ambos grupos, siendo en los sujetos clase III mas cerrado que en sujetos clase II (diferencia aproximada de 6). Se puede concluir que existen mínimas diferencias en el ancho de tejidos blandos en sujetos de clase II y clase III; otros parámetros pueden ser analizados para búsqueda de diferencias que influyan en planificaciones y estrategias terapéuticas para estos sujetos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Facial Asymmetry/pathology , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/pathology , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/pathology , Facial Asymmetry/diagnostic imaging , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/diagnostic imaging , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/diagnostic imaging
8.
Ortho Sci., Orthod. sci. pract ; 6(22): 158-163, 2013. graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-729326

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to determine the maximum bite force (MBF) in Amazonian children and young adolescents with normal dental occlusion, the average craniofacial morphology, and investigate associations between craniofacial morphology and body mass with MBF. Ninety-seven children and young adolescents, 21 with primary dentition and 76 with permanent dentition and normal dental occlusion were included in the study. Subjects were from Amazonian tribes studying at three schools in Leticia, Amazonas, Colombia. MBF was determined by means of a digital hydraulic pressure gauge. Body mass index (BMI), facial morphology index, and dental arches transverse dimensions were computed in each subject. Mann Whitney test, a one-tailed non-parametric statistical analysis, was used to contrast MBF between primary dentition and permanent dentition. The same statistical analysis was used to determine MBF statistical differences between the various facial morphologies. Pearson correlation statistical analysis was used to evaluate associations between MBF with BMI, dental arches transverse dimensions or facial morphology. Statistical significance was determined at 95 percent level of confidence. A significant difference was found for the MBF between subjects in primary dentition (incisors: 116.57 ± 48.30; right molars: 368.38 ± 105.52; left molars: 322.76 ± 83.77) and those in permanent dentition (incisors: 260.88 ± 85.73; right molars: 459.63 ± 167.11; left molars: 645.67 ± 170.60). In addition, an association was observed between MBF and facial morphology index. It was concluded that MBF significantly increases from primary to permanent dentition in subjects with normal dental occlusion. Furthermore, this study agrees with other reports stating that MBF is associated with the morphology of the face, but not with BMI or dental arches transverse dimensions.


O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a força máxima de mordida (FMM) e morfologia craniofacial média de crianças e adolescentes da região do Amazonas com oclusão dentária normal, e investigar associações entre índice de massa corpórea (IMC), morfologia craniofacial e FMM. Participaram do estudo 97 crianças e adolescentes, 21 deles com dentição primária e 76 com dentição permanente, todos com oclusão dentária normal. Os indivíduos pertencentes a tribos amazônicas estudavam em três escolas em Leticia, Amazonas e Colombia. A FMM foi determinada utilizando medidor de pressão hidráulica digital. Índice de massa corporal (IMC), índice morfológico, e dimensões transversais dos arcos dentários de cada indivíduo foram registrados. O teste de Mann Whitney, análise unicaudal não paramétrica, foi aplicado na comparação da força máxima de mordida em dentição decídua e permanente. A mesma análise estatística foi utilizada para determinar as diferenças estatísticas acerca da FMM entre as diferentes características da morfologia facial. O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson foi empregado para avaliar as associações entre FMM e IMC, dimensão transversal dos arcos dentários ou morfologia facial. A significância estatística foi determinada com intervalos de 95% de confiança. Diferença significativa foi observada para FMM entre sujeitos com dentição decídua (incisivos: 116.57 ± 48.30; molares direitos: 368.38 ± 105.52; molares esquerdos: 322.76 ± 83.77) e aqueles com dentição permanente (incisivos: 260.88 ± 85.73; molares direitos: 459.63 ± 167.11molares esquerdos: 645.67 ± 170.60).


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Bite Force , Body Mass Index , Tooth, Deciduous
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