Microtensile bond strength and micromorphologic analysis of surface-treated resin nanoceramics

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different surface treatment methods on the microtensile bond strength of resin cement to resin nanoceramic (RNC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: RNC onlays (Lava Ultimate) (n=30) were treated using air abrasion with and without a universal adhesive, or HF etching followed by a universal adhesive with and without a silane coupling agent, or tribological silica coating with and without a universal adhesive, and divided into 6 groups. Onlays were luted with resin cement to dentin surfaces. A microtensile bond strength test was performed and evaluated by one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test (α=.05). A nanoscratch test, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used for micromorphologic analysis (α=.05). The roughness and elemental proportion were evaluated by Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U test. RESULTS: Tribological silica coating showed the highest roughness, followed by air abrasion and HF etching. After HF etching, the RNC surface presented a decrease in oxygen, silicon, and zirconium ratio with increasing carbon ratio. Air abrasion with universal adhesive showed the highest bond strength followed by tribological silica coating with universal adhesive. HF etching with universal adhesive showed the lowest bond strength. CONCLUSION: An improved understanding of the effect of surface treatment of RNC could enhance the durability of resin bonding when used for indirect restorations. When using RNC for restoration, effective and systemic surface roughening methods and an appropriate adhesive are required.

Aplicação de gabaritos na análise da dentadura decídua / Diagrams application in the deciduous dentition analysis

INTRODUÇÃO: foram indicados, recentemente, gabaritos para analisar se a dentadura decídua encontra-se normal ou alterada. OBJETIVO: o presente estudo propôs aplicar os gabaritos desenvolvidos por Long em 59 modelos de dentaduras decíduas normais (grupo A) e 139 alteradas (grupo B), para avaliar sua eficiência clínica, à luz dos critérios clínicos conhecidos, que caracterizam uma oclusão normal e uma má oclusão. METODOLOGIA: o grupo A, com 118 modelos de estudo de pacientes com oclusão normal, foi estratificado em 42 modelos de arcos superiores e 36 inferiores tipo I de Baume, e 17 modelos superiores e 23 inferiores de arcos tipo II. O grupo B, com 278 modelos de estudo com más oclusões diversas, foi composto por 78 arcos superiores e 75 inferiores tipo I, e 61 arcos superiores e 64 inferiores do tipo II. Examinou-se um total de 396 modelos. RESULTADOS: os resultados do teste de Kappa entre as variáveis gabarito e critérios clínicos revelaram baixa concordância entre diagnóstico de normalidade e anormalidade da dentadura, independentemente do tipo de arco avaliado. Os gabaritos discordaram em 78 por cento dos casos diagnosticados clinicamente como normais e em 20 por cento dos diagnosticados com erros morfológicos. CONCLUSÃO: os gabaritos propostos não se aplicam à avaliação da dentadura decídua.

INTRODUCTION: Recently, diagrams have been developed in order to analyze normality and malocclusion in the deciduous dentition. AIM: The aim of this study is to apply the diagrams developed by Long in 59 cast models of normal dentitions (group A) and 139 abnormal (group B), in order to evaluate its clinical efficiency before the known clinical criteria, which characterizes normal occlusion and malocclusion. METHODS: Group A, with 118 casts of patients with normal occlusion, was stratified in 42 models of superior arches and 36 of inferior ones of type I of Baume; 17 superior casts and 23 inferior ones of arches of type II. Group B, with 278 casts with different types of malocclusions, was composed of 78 superior arches and 75 inferior ones of type I; 61 superior arches and 64 inferior ones of type II. A total of 396 casts were examined. RESULTS: The Kappa test between diagrams and clinical criteria demonstrated low concordance between diagnosis of normality and abnormality of the dentition, regardless of the type of arch evaluated. The diagrams disagree in 78 percent of the cases clinically diagnosed as normal and in 20 percent of those with morphological errors. CONCLUSION: the proposed diagrams don't apply to the primary dentition evaluation.

The cell morphological analysis of megaloblastic anemia / 中国实用内科杂志

Objective To diagnosis megaloblastic anemia (MA) rightly by analysing cell morphology.Methods To analyse the change of hemogram in peripheral blood and abnormal erythrocyte,granulocyte,macropolycyte and dyeabili- ty iron in bone marrow with 26 patients who suffered from MA.Results Besides anemia,there are 14 cases appearing two kinds of hematopoietic cell decrease and 8 cases appearing three kinds of them decrease.The bone marrow morpholo- gy is abnormal in all patients.Conclusion Identify adequately the morphological character of MA is benefit to diagnosis MA and differentiate medullar dysfunction syndrom (MDS),hemolytic anemia (HA) and aplastic anemia (AA)

Morphologic Analysis and the Clinical Significance of the Patella in Sagittal Plane / 대한정형외과학회잡지

In 1941 Wiberg discribed morphologic classification of patella in axial plane and the correlationship between its shape and dysfunction. Here the authors reviewed 120 cases and divided them into four groups. Group I is the one with no knee joint pain or patella dysfunction, group II is the patients with meniscus injury, gruop III is the patients with chondromalacia of patella and group IV is the patients with osteoarthritis of knee joint. We analysed them according to the ratio between the length of the patella and the articular surface in lateral X-ray films of patella. The results were as follows:1. The ratio between the length of the patella and the articular surface is 1.45±0.13(mean±SD) in group I, 1.47±0.18 in group II, 1.56±0.12 in group lll and 1.57±0.15 in group IV. 2. Statistically(P<0.05), no significant difference between group I and group II, but group III and group IV is significantly different from the group I. 3. The ratio between the length of the patella and the articular surface is thought to be helpful for diagnosing the patient with vague knee joint pain.