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1.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 51(7): e20200697, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1180749

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: This study analyzed the demographic and biometric changes in registered animals of the Mangalarga breed over the decades. Information from 206,428 Mangalarga horses born between 1930 and 2018 extracted from the genealogic registry system of the Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Cavalos da Raça Mangalarga was employed. The data referred to sex, birth date, fur coat, breeding site location, score achieved at genealogic registration, and three body measurements. Height at withers and the thoracic and cannon bone circumferences were used to calculate five morphometric indices. Results were submitted to analysis of variance using a completely randomized split-plot design where the plots comprised the sexes and the split-plots comprised the decades of selection. Between 1930 and 1990, genealogic registrations progressively increased, particularly in the 1970s and 80s, when the herd experienced the highest growth rate. In 2018, Mangalarga breeding sites were reported in 23 Brazilian states and the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Bahia held the largest herds. Between 1970 and 2018, the height at withers of mares, stallions, and geldings increased by 5.1, 3.1, and 2.1 cm, respectively. The thoracic circumference of stallions increased by 3.3 cm and the cannon bone circumference of mares decreased by 0.34 cm. It is concluded that the Mangalarga breed is found across Brazil, especially in the Southeast region. Irrespective of sex, the selection of the breed has led to taller Mangalarga horses. In addition, the stallions became heavier and gained thoracic circumference, while mares became hypometric.


RESUMO: Objetivou-se analisar as alterações demográficas e biométricas dos animais registrados da raça Mangalarga, ao longo das décadas. Foram utilizadas informações de 206.428 equinos Mangalarga, extraídas do sistema de registro genealógico da Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Cavalos da Raça Mangalarga. Dos animais nascidos entre 1930 e 2018, foram consideradas informações referentes ao sexo, data de nascimento, pelagem, localização do criatório, pontuação obtida no ato do registro genealógico e três medidas corporais dos equinos. Utilizando a medida de altura à cernelha e os perímetros torácico e de canela foram calculados cinco índices morfométricos. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância, utilizando delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas compostas pelos sexos e as subparcelas constituídas pelas décadas de seleção. Entre 1930 e 1990 houve aumento progressivo na emissão de registros genealógicos, com destaque para as décadas de 70 e 80, quando se registrou maior taxa de crescimento do rebanho. Em 2018 identificou-se criatórios da raça Mangalarga em 23 estados brasileiros, sendo o Estado de São Paulo detentor do maior rebanho, seguido de Minas Gerais e Bahia. Entre 1970 e 2018 registrou-se aumento na altura à cernelha das fêmeas, garanhões e machos castrados, que se tornaram 5,1 cm, 3,1 cm e 2,1 cm mais altos, respectivamente. Enquanto o perímetro torácico dos garanhões aumentou 3,3 cm, o perímetro de canela das fêmeas reduziu 0,34 cm. Concluiu-se que a raça Mangalarga está distribuída por todo o Brasil, com destaque para a região sudeste. Independente do sexo, a seleção aplicada à raça tornou os equinos Mangalarga mais altos. Além disso, os garanhões ficaram mais pesados e com maior perímetro torácico e as fêmeas tornaram-se hipométricas.

2.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 36(6): 2133-2141, 01-11-2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1148254

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the age groups, breeds, and morphological characteristics of horses used in vaquejada competitions, as well as to define how often the animals compete, the results achieved in the contests, and the duration of training. A sample of 1,271 horses used in vaquejada competitions was employed in the study. The first step consisted in interviewing owners to obtain information on the age and breed of the horses, vaquejada circuits in which they compete, frequency of competition in vaquejada, results reached in the trials, and training duration per month, week, and day. The second step obtained 15 linear measurements and calculated eight morphometric indices. The data obtained from the interviews were submitted to descriptive statistical analyses. The linear measurements and morphometric indices were used to compare sexes using a completely randomized experimental design. The results showed that 80.3% of the vaquejada horses were between four and ten years old and that 89% of the animals were of the Quarter Horse. The morphometric measures showed that stallions had higher height at withers, back, and croup and wider heads, chest, and croup than mares and geldings. On the other hand, among the eight indices calculated, only the value of the height at the chest of the stallions was higher than the mean values in mares and geldings. It was found that 79.7% of the horses took part in two to four vaquejada trials a month while 93.3% of the animals underwent fitness training 12 months a year. The results show a predominance of Quarter Horses in the vaquejada contests in Pernambuco and that the trials require the selection of physically larger and stronger stallions. In addition, the animals are submitted to intense training and competition routines.


O estudo objetivou determinar as faixas etárias, raças e características morfológicas dos equinos competidores de vaquejadas em Pernambuco, assim como definir a frequência em que os animais competem, os resultados conquistados nas disputas e a duração dos treinamentos. Foram utilizados 1271 equinos participantes de provas de vaquejada realizadas no sertão e agreste pernambucano. A primeira etapa do trabalho consistiu em uma entrevista aos proprietários dos animais para obter informações sobre a idade dos equinos, raça, circuitos de vaquejada em que competem (oficiais ou não oficiais), frequência de participação em vaquejadas, resultados alcançados nas provas e a duração mensal, semanal e diária dos treinamentos. Na segunda etapa foram mensuradas 15 medidas lineares e calculados oito índices morfométricos. Os dados obtidos a partir das entrevistas foram submetidos à análises estatísticas descritivas. Já as medidas lineares e índices morfométricos foram utilizados para comparar os sexos, por meio de delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso. Os resultados morfométricos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (P<0,05). Observou-se que 80,3% dos equinos de vaquejada tinham entre quatro e 10 anos de idade e que 89% dos animais eram da raça Quarto de Milha. Em relação às medidas morfométricas, registrou-se nos garanhões maiores alturas na cernelha, dorso e garupa e maiores larguras de cabeça, peito e garupa que nas éguas e nos machos castrados. Por outro lado, dentre os oito índices calculados, apenas o valor do vazio subesternal dos garanhões foi superior as médias das fêmeas e dos machos castrados. Constatou-se que 79,7% dos equinos participavam de duas a quatro provas de vaquejada por mês e que 93,3% dos animais eram condicionados fisicamente 12 meses por ano. Concluiu-se que nas vaquejadas realizadas no estado de Pernambuco há predomínio de equinos da raça Quarto de Milha, na faixa etária entre quatro e dez anos e as provas exigem seleção de garanhões fisicamente maiores e mais fortes. Além disso, os animais são submetidos a intensas rotinas de competições e treinamento.


Subject(s)
Horses
3.
Malaysian Journal of Health Sciences ; : 57-64, 2016.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-626832

ABSTRACT

In this study, morphometric and gravimetric indices were used to determine the impact of cadmium exposure on a sentinel species. Scaling coefficient, condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic index (HSI), renosomatic index (RSI) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) were compared between rice frogs (Fejervarya limnocharis) exposed to different environmental cadmium levels. The result showed that frogs caught from the contaminated site had significantly higher CF (10.296), RSI (0.413) and female GSI (7.594) than frogs from the contaminated site (7.594, 0.380 and 1.594, respectively). For Scaling Coefficient and HSI, albeit being statistically insignificant, these indices showed a similar trend. On the other hand, the male GSI showed a reverse trend where frogs from contaminated site showed higher values than their counterpart from the reference site. However, the differences were not statistically significant. This research concluded that there is a relationship between cadmium contamination with morphometric and gravimetric indices. Therefore, it is suggested that the use of these data could give an idea on the effect of cadmium exposure on the rice frog.

4.
Acta amaz ; 43(1): 9-18, mar. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1455115

ABSTRACT

A dependent and independent growth distance model was fitted to evaluate how competition variables may account for the variation of periodic diameter increment of 132 Cedrela odorata trees. Using a Potential Relative Increment (PRI), the relative diameter increment (IRd) was estimated from the multiplication of maximum diameter growth (potential increment) by modified function (portion of the reduced growth due to competition by light and growth space). The significance of the reduced fitted model demonstrated the influence of asymmetric competition variables on diameter growth, explaining 71% of the total variation as well as indicated that competition responses were not constant, but it varied among the different size classes of trees.


Um modelo de crescimento dependente e independente da distância foi ajustado para avaliar como variáveis de competição explicam a variação do crescimento periódico em diâmetro de 132 árvores de cedro (Cedrela odorata). Utilizando a abordagem de crescimento potencial relativo (PRI), estimou-se o incremento relativo em diâmetro (IRd) a partir do produto do crescimento máximo em diâmetro (incremento potencial) e da função modificada (porção do crescimento reduzido). A significância do modelo do crescimento reduzido ajustado demonstrou influência da competição assimétrica sobre o crescimento em diâmetro, explicando 71% do total da variação e também revelou que a resposta à competição não foi constante, mas variou entre as diferentes classes de tamanho dos indivíduos arbóreos.

5.
Journal of Korean Society of Osteoporosis ; : 115-125, 2011.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-760751

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The accuracy of bone strength can be improved for medically treating osteoporosis by diagnosing and predicting fracture risk. In this study, we calculated the material properties of calcaneus bone and evaluated the statistical correlation of the bone mineral density (BMD) with morphometry indices and bone strength. MATERIALS & METHODS: Twelve cored bone samples were obtained from the primary compressive trabeculae of human calcaneus. All samples were scanned with a Lunar PIXImus(R), and two-dimensional serial section images were obtained on a micro-computed tomography system. A mechanical test was performed with an Instron universal testing machine and finite element analysis (FEA) to determine material properties and bone strength. RESULTS: The material property of the samples was 2.97 GPA. BMD was significantly correlated with bone strength and morphometric indices except for Tb.Sp, DA, and Tb.N. The statistical relationship between bone strength and the morphometric indices was significant except for DA. CONCLUSIONS: FEA based on in vivo high resolution serial section images can be used to directly evaluate bone strength and will be a useful tool in clinical practice for diagnosing osteoporosis and predicting fracture risk.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Density , Calcaneus , Collodion , Finite Element Analysis , Osteoporosis
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