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Introduction: the first COVID-19 case in Brazil was confirmed on February 26, 2020. As of March 17, 2023, the Ministry of Health reported 699,634 deaths from COVID-19, with a case fatality rate of 1.9%. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil extends to socioeconomic and healthcare systems, reflecting significant regional disparities. Objective: To analyze mortality, incidence, and case fatality rates for COVID-19 in the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina, in the southern region of Brazil. Methods: This is an ecological time-series study using official Brazilian secondary data for COVID-19 cases and deaths. Data were extracted from the dashboard of the State Health Department of Santa Catarina and Paraná. Temporal series were developed for trend analysis using the Prais-Winsten regression model. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 14.0 software (College Station, TX, USA, 2013). Results: In the analysis of rates over the entire period, trends for mortality, case fatality, and incidence in the state of Santa Catarina are decreasing, decreasing, and stationary, respectively. In Paraná, rates over the entire period showed a stationary trend for mortality, decreasing for case fatality, and increasing for incidence. Conclusion: COVID-19 had a devastating effect on the states of Santa Catarina and Paraná. Both states experienced the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic, with higher case fatality and mortality rates observed in Paraná, while Santa Catarina had a higher incidence rate over the three years of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Objective To analyze the mortality characteristics and trends and the cause-eliminated life expectancy of gastric cancer in Harbin City from 1987 to 2019. Methods Mortality data of residents with gastric cancer from 1987 to 2019 in Harbin was analyzed to describe the mortality characteristics and trends of gastric cancer. Abridged life table and cause-eliminated life table were applied to calculate life expectancy and cause-eliminated life expectancy. Average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated with Joinpoint 4.2 software to evaluate the trends of mortality and cause-eliminated life expectancy of gastric cancer. Results From 1987 to 2019, the crude mortality, ASMRC and ASMRW and the truncated rate (35-64) were 14.3/105, 10.9/105, 10.9/105, and 13.5/105, respectively. The ASMRC showed an obvious decreasing trend at an average annual rate of 2.9% from 1987 to 2019 (95%CI: -4.4%--1.4%). Significant decreasing trends were observed for males (AAPC=-3.0%, 95%CI: -4.4%--1.7%) and females (AAPC=-3.1%, 95%CI: -5.3%--0.9%). An obvious decreasing trend in the ASMRW was also observed. The truncated rate (35-64) showed a downward trend (AAPC=-2.8%, 95%CI: -3.1%--2.5%). The average life expectancy of residents from 1987 to 2019 in Harbin were 76.78 years (male: 74.41 years, female: 79.33 years). After eliminating the causes of death of gastric cancer, the life expectancy increased by 0.25 years (male: 0.31 years, female: 0.18 years). Significant decreasing trends were found in the proportion of gastric cancer in all malignant cancer cases (AAPC=-0.18%, 95%CI: -2.0%--1.7%). Conclusion The mortality of gastric cancer decreases gradually from 1987 to 2019 in Harbin. After eliminating the causes of death of gastric cancer, the life expectancy increases by 0.25 years. Therefore, prevention and control should be strengthened.
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Objective To understand the death status, mortality trend, cause of death and life loss of injury and poisoning among residents in Qidong City, Jiangsu Province from 1990 to 2019, and to provide a reference for formulating public health policies. Methods Data on injury and poisoning death of residents in Qidong City from 1990 to 2019 were collected through the death cause registration and monitoring system of Qidong City, Jiangsu Province. Indicators such as crude death rate (CR) and standardized death rate (CASR), average years of lost life (AYLL), and potential years of life lost rate (PYLLR) were calculated. Annual percentage change (APC) was used to analyze the trend of death from injury and poisoning. Results From 1990 to 2019, 18 163 residents in Qidong City, Jiangsu Province died of injuries and poisoning. The CR was 53.12/100 000 (APC=0.74%), and the CASR was 39.43/100 000 (APC=-1.86%). The male CR was 66.90 100 000 (APC=0.75%), and the male CASR was 52.42/100 000 (APC=-1.75%), while the female CR was 39.69/100 000 (APC=0.73%), and the female CASR was 26.63/100 000 (APC=-2.14%). Analysis of the standardized mortality rate showed a downward trend year by year (P<0.001). PYLL caused by injury and poisoning was 318 502.50 person-years (APC=-4.00%), AYLL was 26.02 years/person (APC=-3.26%) and the PYLLR was 10.39‰ (APC=-3.54%). The top five death causes of injury and poisoning are motor vehicle accidents, suicide, drowning, accidental falls and accidental poisoning, accounting for 87.17% of the total deaths from injuries and poisoning. Drowning was the leading cause of death for children aged from 0 to 14. Motor vehicle accidents were the leading cause of death for residents aged from 15 to 64, and accidental falls were the leading cause of death for residents over 65. Conclusion Injury and poisoning are one of the main causes of death among residents in Qidong City, Jiangsu Province. The distribution characteristics of injurie and poisoning deaths of different genders and ages are different. According to their distribution characteristics, targeted and specific measures should be taken to reduce mortality.
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Objective@#To analyze the status and trend of fall mortality among the elderly from 2006 to 2018 in Hangzhou, and to provide basis for fall prevention and control. @*Methods@#Through the medical certificate of death in hospitals at the county level and above and community health service centers, the monitoring data of the deaths from fall among the elderly aged 60 years and above in Hangzhou from 2006 to 2018 were collected. The crude motality rate, standardized mortality rate of fall and the annual percentage change ( APC ) were calculated to examine the status and trend of fall mortality in different gender, age and areas. @*Results@#The crude mortality rate of fall among the elderly in Hangzhou was 85.60/100 000 and the standardized mortality rate was 71.42/100 000 from 2006 to 2018. The crude and standardized mortality rate from 2006 to 2018 showed increasing trends and the APCs were 3.46% and 2.33%, respectively ( P<0.05) . The crude mortality rate was 93.01/100 000 in females, which was higher than 77.82/100 000 in males ( P<0.05 ) , the APCs were 3.25% and 3.77%, respectively. The crude mortality rate of rural areas was 129.03/100 000, which was significantly higher than 60.73/100 000 of urban areas ( P<0.05 ) . The mortality rate of urban and rural areas showed increasing trends, the APCs were 5.02% and 2.43%, respectively. The crude mortality rate of fall among the elderly in Hangzhou increased gradually with age ( P<0.05 ) . @*Conclusion@#The fall mortality among the elderly in Hangzhou increased from 2006 to 2018. More efforts are needed to reduce fall mortality in females and rural population.
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Objective@#To understand the characteristics and trends of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in Lishui residents from 2014 to 2018,so as to provide basis for the development of prevention and treatment measures of colorectal cancer.@*Methods @#The incidence and mortality data of colorectal cancer in Lishui from 2014 to 2018 were collected through the information management system of chronic disease surveillance in Zhejiang Province. The incidence,mortality and annual percentage change(APC)of colorectal cancer were calculated and analyzed in different genders,ages and regions were analyzed. @*Results@#From 2014 to 2018,there were 4 403 new cases of colorectal cancer in Lishui,with the crude and standardized incidence rate of 34.89/100 000 and 20.99/100 000,respectively. There were 2 369 deaths,with a crude mortality rate of 18.77/100 000 and a standardized mortality rate of 10.17 /100 000. The crude incidence rate and crude mortality rate in males were higher than those in females(39.71/100 000 vs. 29.77/100 000,21.31/100 000 vs. 16.08/100 000,both p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between urban and rural residents in the crude incidence rate and crude mortality rate(37.24/100 000 vs. 34.44/100 000,19.75/100 000 vs. 18.45/100 000,both p<0.05). The crude incidence rate and crude mortality rate increased with age. The APC of the mortality rate of colorectal cancer among urban residents was 11.31%,showing an increasing trend from 2014 to 2018(p<0.05). @* Conclusion@#The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer are high in Lishui,and the focus groups are men,people aged over 40 years and urban residents.
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Objective@#To analyze the status and trend of death from leukemia from 2006 to 2015 in Hangzhou,and to provide scientific basis for leukemia prevention and control. @*Methods@#The data of deaths in Hangzhou from 2006 to 2015 were collected from Zhejiang chronic diseases surveillance system. The crude mortality rates,standardized mortality rates and cumulative rates of the age group 0-74 of leukemia were calculated. The annual percentage change（APC）was used to examine the changing trend of leukemia mortality.@*Results@#The crude mortality rate of leukemia in Hangzhou was 4.38/100 000 and the standardized mortality rate was 3.79/100 000 from 2006 to 2015. The standardized mortality rates from 2006 to 2015 showed a decreasing trend and the APC was -2.27%（P<0.05）. The crude mortality rate of leukemia was 5.15/100 000 in males,which was higher than 3.62/100 000 in females（P<0.05）. The crude and standardized mortality rates were 2.00/100 000 and 0.45/100 000 in residents aged below 15 years,3.03/100 000 and 1.85/100 000 in residents aged 15-64 years,15.63/100 000 and 1.05/100 000 in residents aged 65 years or above. The standardized mortality rates of residents aged below 15 years and 15-64 years showed decreasing trends,the APCs were -9.24% and -3.82%,respectively（P<0.05）. The standardized mortality rates of residents aged 65 years or above showed an increasing trend,the APC was 3.77%（P<0.05）.@*Conclusion@#The standardized mortality rates of leukemia has presented a declining trend in Hangzhou from 2006 to 2015,with higher mortality in men and people aged 65 years or above.