Associação entre prática de atividade física e aptidão cardiorrespiratória em adolescentes / Association between physical activity practice and physical fitness in school adolescents

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a associação entre diferentes volumes de atividade física moderada e/ou vigorosa durante o lazer e a aptidão cardiorrespiratória (ACR) adequada em adolescentes de ambos os sexos. A atividade física moderada (AFM), vigorosa (AFV ) ou moderada-vigorosa (AFMV) de lazer foi avaliada por meio de questionário e a ACR foi medida com o teste de vai-e-vem de 20m. Foram utilizados modelos de Regressão Poisson para análises. As AFM, AFV ou AFMV no lazer foram categorizadas de acordo com três limiares de atividade física no lazer (150, 300 e 420 min/sem). Foram consideras para as análises de associação as AFM, AFV e AFMV, de acordo com o compêndio de atividade físicas para adolescentes. A prática de AFMV no lazer por pelo menos 420 min/sem obteve a maior probabilidade de ACR adequada (RP = 2,03; IC95%: 1,18 ­ 3,51). Na mesma direção, a prática de AFV por pelo menos 150 min/sem também foi estatisticamente significativa (RP = 1,72; IC95%: 1,07 ­ 2,80). Os resultados indicaram uma associação positiva entre prática de atividade física no lazer e ACR, independentemente da intensidade e limiar de tempo, enfatizando que a participação em ambas as intensidades de atividade física no lazer estão associadas aos níveis adequados de aptidão cardiorrespiratória.

The aim of this study was to verify the association between different volumes of moderate and/or vigor-ous physical activity during leisure time and adequate cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents of both sexes. Leisure-time moderate and/or vigorous physical activity (MPA, VPA, and MVPA) was assessed by means of a questionnaire and cardiorespiratory fitness was measured with the 20m back-and-forth test. Poisson regression models were used for analyses where moderate and/or vigorous physical activity in leisure time, it was categorized according to three thresholds of leisure-time physical activity (150, 300 and 420 min/week). The following factors were considered for the association analyses: MPA, VFA, and MVPA, according to the compendium of physical activity for adolescents. Leisure time MVPA for at least 420 min/week had the highest probability of adequate cardiorespiratory fitness (PR = 2.03; 95%CI: 1.18 ­ 3.51). In the same direction, the practice of VFA for at least 150 min/week was also statistically significant (PR = 1.72; 95%CI: 1.07 ­ 2.80). The results indicated a positive association between leisure time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness, regardless of intensity and time threshold, emphasizing that participation in both modalities of leisure time physical activity can provide substantial benefits for cardiorespiratory fitness.

The impact of a biocellulose-based repair of fetal open spina bifida on the need to untether the cord: is it time to unify techniques for prenatal repair?

ABSTRACT Objective: To report the need for cord untethering after prenatal repair of open spina bifida using a unique biocellulose-based technique performed at a later gestational age. Methods: An observational cohort study was conducted to determine the incidence of tethered cord syndrome. Between May 2013 and May 2022, we performed 172 procedures using the percutaneous fetoscopic approach in fetuses at 26-28 weeks of gestation. After placode dissection, a biocellulose patch was placed to cover the placode, a myofascial flap (when possible) was dissected, and the skin was closed. Owing to death or loss to follow-up, 23 cases were excluded. Cord tethering syndrome was defined as symptoms of medullary stretching, and the infants were evaluated and operated on by local neurosurgeons after an magnetic resonance imaging examination. Infants over 30-month had ambulation and neurodevelopment evaluations (PEDI scale). Results: Among 172 cases operated at a median gestational age of 26.7 weeks and delivered at 33.2 weeks, 149 cases were available for postnatal follow-up, and cord untethering was needed in 4.4% of cases (6/136; excluding 13 cases younger than 12 months). Cerebrospinal fluid diversion and bladder catheterization were needed in 38% and 36% of cases, respectively. Of the 78 cases evaluated at 30 months, 49% were ambulating independently, and 94% had normal social function. Conclusion: The biocellulose-based technique was associated with a low rate of cord tethering, wich may be attributed to the lack of the duramater suture during prenatal repair, the formation of a neoduramater and/or later gestational age of surgery.

Histerectomía abdominal y deterioro de la función física en mujeres adultas mayores colombianas / Abdominal hysterectomy and impaired physical function in colombian older women

Resumen OBJETIVO: Estimar, en mujeres adultas mayores colombianas, la asociación entre histerectomía abdominal con el deterioro de la función física y con la limitación para las actividades de la vida diaria. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal llevado a cabo en mujeres colombianas entre 60 y 75 años que firmaron el consentimiento informado, permitieron mediciones antropométricas y contestaron un formulario con preguntas acerca de datos sociodemográficos y clínicos. Se aplicó la subescala de función física del Cuestionario SF-36. Se realizaron regresiones logísticas bivariadas: limitación para las actividades habituales o deterioro en la función física (variables dependientes) con el antecedente de histerectomía con o sin ooforectomía en la pre o posmenopausia (variables independientes). Además, se aplicaron cuatro modelos de regresión logística ajustada. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 700 mujeres con promedio de edad de 67.0 ± 4.8 años y 18.9 ± 6.3 años trascurridos a partir de la menopausia. A todas se les practicó histerectomía con ooforectomía durante los años de premenopausia (4.2%); histerectomía sin ooforectomía en la premenopausia (18.1%); histerectomía con ooforectomía en la posmenopausia (2.1%) e histerectomía sin ooforectomía en la posmenopausia (8.4). La histerectomía con ooforectomía, o sin esta última en la premenopausia, se relacionó con deterioro de la función física (RM: 2.67; IC95%:1.19-5.97) y 2.02 (IC95%:1.34-3.09). Igual sucedió con las actividades habituales (p < 0.05). La histerectomía con preservación o extirpación ovárica durante la posmenopausia no se asoció con deterioro de la función física (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIÓN: En la muestra estudiada se encontró relación entre la histerectomía con limitación para actividades diarias y con deterioro de la función física. La histerectomía con o sin ooforectomía practicada durante los años de premenopausia, a diferencia de la adelantada en posmenopausia, se asoció, significativamente, con deterioro del funcionamiento físico.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To estimate the association of abdominal hysterectomy with impaired physical function and limitation of activities of daily living in elderly Colombian women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study in Colombian women aged 60-75 years who signed informed consent, allowed anthropometric measurements, and completed a form with questions on socio-demographic and clinical data. The physical function subscale of the SF-36 questionnaire was used. Bivariate logistic regressions were performed: limitation of usual activities or impairment of physical function (dependent variables) with history of hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy in pre- or postmenopause (independent variables). Four adjusted logistic regression models were also used. RESULTS: Seven hundred women with a mean age of 67.0 ± 4.8 years and 18.9 ± 6.3 years since menopause were evaluated. All had undergone hysterectomy with oophorectomy in the premenopausal years (4.2%); hysterectomy without oophorectomy in the premenopausal years (18.1%); hysterectomy with oophorectomy in the postmenopausal years (2.1%); and hysterectomy without oophorectomy in the postmenopausal years (8.4%). Hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy in premenopause was associated with impaired physical function (MR: 2.67; 95%CI: 1.19-5.97) and 2.02 (95%CI: 1.34-3.09), respectively. The same was true for usual activities (p < 0.05). Postmenopausal hysterectomy with ovarian preservation or removal was not associated with impaired physical function (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: In the sample studied, an association was found between hysterectomy with limitation of daily activities and impaired physical function. Hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy in the premenopausal years, as opposed to early postmenopausal hysterectomy, was significantly associated with physical function impairment.

Coordenação motora global e a prática esportiva em crianças e adolescentes participantes de multiesporte / Global motor coordination and sports practice in children and adolescents multi-sport participants

RESUMO A relação entre a participação esportiva (PE) e a coordenação motora global (CMG) se associa à idade. No entanto, o tempo envolvido na PE pode ser outro mediador. Assim, o objetivo foi investigar a relação entre a CMG e a PE em crianças e adolescentes envolvidos na PE, controlado pelo tempo de prática. Para isso, foram analisados 111 meninos (88 de 6 a 9 anos; 23 de 10 a 12 anos), com PE de duas a quatro modalidades e com o tempo de prática entre um e seis anos. A CMG foi auferida pelo Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder e a PE mediante entrevista semiestruturada com os responsáveis legais. Os coeficientes de Spearman indicaram que para as crianças dos 6 aos 9 anos de idade não houve correlação entre a CMG e a PE (p >0,05), mesmo quando controlada pelo tempo nas PE. Já para o grupo dos 10 aos 12 anos, houve correlação moderada (ρ = 0,515, p <0,01). Essa informação permite ao profissional de Educação Física entender que a experiência motora das crianças mais jovens é fundamental para potencializar o desenvolvimento motor e que sua implicação na manutenção da participação em atividades esportivas ocorrerá somente nas fases avançadas da infância.

ABSTRACT The relationship between sports participation (SP) and global motor coordination (GMC) is associated with age. However, the time of involved in SP may be another mediator. Thus, the objective was to investigate the relationship between GMC and SP in children and adolescents involved, controlled by the time of practice. For this, 111 boys were analyzed (88 aged 6 to 9 years old; 23 aged 10 to 12 years old), with SP of two to four sports and with practice time between one and six years. The GMC was assessed by the Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder and the SP through a semi-structured interview with the legal guardians. Spearman coefficients indicated that for children aged 6 to 9 years there was no correlation between GMC and SP (p >0.05), even when controlling for time in SP. For the group aged 10 to 12 years old, there was a moderate correlation (ρ = 0.515, p <0.01). This information allows the Physical Education professional to understand that the motor experience of younger children is fundamental to enhancing motor development and that its implication in maintaining participation in sporting activities will only occur in the advanced stages of childhood.

The effect of mini basketball on upper limb strength performance in children aged 4-6 years: a Meta analysis / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To systematically evaluate the effect of mini basketball on children s upper limb strength in China, and to provide basis for the development of kindergarten mini basketball and the improvement of children s upper limb strength performance.@*Methods@#CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched from the establishment of the database to July 26, 2023. The PICOST model was used for literature screening, and 13 literature with a total of 20 studies were finally included. The Cochrane System Evaluation Criteria was used for literature quality evaluation. Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 17 were used for statistical analysis and publication bias test.@*Results@#A total of 939 children were included in 20 studies, including 470 in the experimental group and 469 in the control group. Meta analysis showed that mini basketball had an extremely significant effect on the improvement of children s upper limb strength ( SMD=0.83, 95%CI=0.53-1.13, Z=5.40, P < 0.01 ). The results of subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant gender difference in the improvement of children s upper limb strength by mini basketball ( P >0.05), mini basketball exercise with an intervention time of less than or equal to 30 minutes ( SMD=0.49, 95%CI=0.29-0.70, Z=4.70, P <0.01) and an exercise cycle of more than 12 weeks ( SMD=1.25, 95%CI=0.54-1.96, Z= 3.45 , P<0.01) can achieve a better intervention effect on the upper limb strength of children. Meta regression results showed that the exercise intervention time was the main source of heterogeneity ( t=2.71, 95%CI= 1.38-22.93, P <0.05). Egger s test showed that the publication bias of the included studies was not statistically significant ( t=0.78, P >0.05).@*Conclusions@#Mini basketball training can improve the upper limb strength of children, but there is no significant gender difference. The upper limb strength is affected by the restriction of intervention time and exercise cycle. Schools can appropriately add small basketball in physical education classes to improve children s upper limb strength.

Research progress on the impact of recreational soccer on physical and mental health among children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Children and adolescents spend most of their time in school, and good recreational soccer (RS) is beneficial to the healthy physical and mental development of children and adolescents. The review mainly discusses the effects of RS on the physical and mental health of children and adolescents, such as body composition, physical fitness, cardiovascular function, bone mass and muscle function, cognition and social interaction, so as to provide a theoretical basis for building school RS environment that is conducive to the health of children and adolescents.

Relationship between physical activity levels and depressive symptoms in college students: a cohort study / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the association between physical activity levels and depressive symptoms among college students, so as to provide evidence for promoting physical and mental health of college students.@*Methods@#Using a cohort study design,a baseline survey of 1 415 college students in Shenyang Normal University in 2017 followed for three years from 2018 to 2020. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and Selfrating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the physical activity levels and depressive symptoms of college students. According to the level of physical activity at baseline (MET ·h/week), participants were divided into three groups [T1 (≤36.4), T2 (>36.4-89.3) and T3 (>89.3)]. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between baseline physical activity levels and the incidence of depressive symptoms during the school years.@*Results@#In the 3year followup (2018-2020), 852 (60.2%) participants exhibited depressive symptoms. The numbers of individuals with depressive symptoms in the T1, T2, and T3 groups were 324, 268, and 260, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that college students who participated in higher levels of physical activity decreased the risk of depressive symptoms by 34.2% [T2: OR(95%CI) = 0.658 (0.500-0.866)] and 38.9% [T3:OR(95%CI)=0.611(0.465-0.804)] compared with T1 group after adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, healthrelated factors, and baseline depressive symptoms as covariates. The sexstratified analysis showed a negative correlation between physical activity levels and the incidence of depressive symptoms in female college students. Compared with T1 group, higher levels of physical activity reduced the incidence of depressive symptoms by 39.6% [T2: OR(95%CI)=0.604(0.445-0.820)] and 37.7% [T3: OR(95%CI)=0.623(0.459-0.846)], respectively (P<0.01). However, there was no significant correlation between physical activity levels and depressive symptoms in male college students (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#There is an inverse relationship between physical activity levels and depressive symptoms. The findings suggest that schools should reduce the risk of depressive symptoms by promoting physical activity levels among college students.

Effects of community building environment and sports with fitness APP usage on physical exercise habits in teachers in the Yangtze River Delta Region / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effects of community building environment and sports with fitness APP usage and their interactions on teachers exercise habits in the Yangtze River Delta Region, so as to provide a scientific basis for the development of a sports and health promotion intervention program for teachers.@*Methods@#A total of 2 530 in service teachers from four provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Delta region, namely, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Anhui Province, were sampled in May-June 2023 by using convenient cluster random sampling method. Self designed questionnaire was used to collect the basic information of the surveyed teachers, Physical Activity Building Environment Evaluation Questionnaire and the Sports with Fitness APP Usage Questionnaire were used to measure the teachers subjective perception of the community building environment and the usage of sports with fitness APP, respectively. Physical Exercise Habituation Scale was used to assess the level of exercise habits. Logistic regression models were applied to analyze the effects of community building environment and sports with fitness APP usage on physical exercise, and the interaction effects were analyzed by using additive and multiplicative models.@*Results@#Among all the teachers surveyed, 658 of them reported good physical exercise habits (26.0%), and differences in the rate of physical activity habit formation by gender, age, years of teaching, as well as subject of teaching were statistically significant ( χ 2=42.94, 39.73, 35.47, 218.23 , P <0.05). Teachers with physical exercise habits had significantly higher community building environment scores and sports and fitness APP use than teachers without exercise habits ( t =12.17,16.54, P <0.05). Adjusting for the confounders of age, gender, years of teaching experience, and subjects taught, multifactorial unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of teachers having good physical exercise habits increased by 22% for every 1-point increase in the community building environment score on average ( OR =1.22, 95% CI =1.11-1.40), and the probability of teachers having good physical exercise habits increased by 16% for every 1-point increase in the sports with fitness APP score on average ( OR = 1.16 , 95% CI =1.03-1.31) ( P <0.05). Interaction analyses showed that there was an additive interaction between the effects of community building environment and sports and fitness APP use on teachers physical exercise habits after adjustment, and the 95% CI for RERI , API and SI were 1.17 -1.65, 0.12-0.46 and 1.78-3.33 ( P <0.05), respectively, and there was no multiplicative interaction ( P >0.05).@*Conclusions@#The community building environment and the usage of sports & fitness APP show impacts in the formation of teachers physical exercise habits in the Yangtze River Delta region, and there is an interaction effect. Enhancing the construction of smart sports centers around the community can provide a high quality external environment for the physical exercise habits formation.

Effects of moderate intensity gymnastics on executive function in children aged 5 to 6 years / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#The study aims to investigate the impact of moderate intensity gymnastics on the development of executive function in children aged 5-6, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for exercise interventions targeting executive function.@*Methods@#A total of 63 preschool children, randomly seleted from 3 senior classes in a private kindergarten in Shangqiu, were randomly allocated to the intervention group ( n =31) and control group ( n =32). Children in the intervention group participated in 60 minute gymnastics at a moderate intensity, three times per week, for a total duration of 12 weeks. Concurrently, myzone technology was utilized to monitor exercise intensity throughout the entire intervention period. Children in the control group maintained their regular activities. Inhibitory control (Flanker task), working memory (Empty house task), and cognitive flexibility (Dots task) were assessed before and after the experiment.@*Results@#There was no statistically significant difference in the performance of inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility tasks between the two groups of children before intervention ( P >0.05) .The results of covariance analysis revealed significant differences in reaction time [(782.88±24.29，805.13±23.74；719.90±119.99， 833.55± 177.87；1 042.39±72.75，1 091.29±49.42) ms] and accuracy[(73.86±7.26)%，(67.02±8.22)%;(86.36±7.63)%，( 80.50± 9.39 )%;(76.45±9.48)%，(69.59±7.66)%] across inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility between the intervention group and the control group ( F =6.84, 4.50，4.87, 6.11, 3.74 , 5.06 , P <0.05). The intervention effect exhibited modest effects( d =0.17-0.74).@*Conclusions@#Moderate intensity gymnastics can make modest or moderate effect on improving children s executive function. Brain imaging technology can be incorporated into future research designs to investigate the underlying mechanisms of gymnastics impact on the brain structure and executive function in young children.

Effects of electronic sports games on children s acquisition of basic motor skills in a digital society / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To evaluate the influence of electronic sports games on children s acquisition of basic motor skills, so as to provide assistance for childrens acquisition of basic motor skills in the context of digital society.@*Methods@#Computer searches were conducted on CNKI, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases from March 2012 to March 2022. Methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool RoB 2 and the extension tools RoB 2 Cluster and ROBINS-I. Publication bias assessment, heterogeneity test, subgroup analysis and Meta analysis were performed using RevMan 5.3.@*Results@#A total of 12 studies included 897 participants, 7 randomized controlled trials, 2 cohort randomized controlled trials and 3 non randomized trials. Among them, 2 items had a low risk of bias, 8 items had certain risks and 2 items had a high risk of bias. Measures of basic motor skills in children from 12 studies included object control skills, motor skills, coordination, agility and balance. The results of Meta analysis showed that electronic sports games had a positive effect on children s acquisition of basic motor skills ( SMD=0.81, 95%CI=0.46-1.17, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Children can generate positive interactive communication behavior through physical activity and digital screen, and then promote the development of basic motor skills.

Effects of comprehensive intervention on 24 h activity behavior among obese students in vocational colleges / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effects of comprehensive intervention measures targeting physical activity, sedentary, sleep and other behaviors on 24 h activity behavior of obese students in vocational colleges, so as to provide a more tailored empirical basis for intervening obese students in vocational colleges.@*Methods@#A quasi experimental design using parallel controlled, randomized grouping was conducted from January to March 2023. A total of 79 first year obese students from a vocational college in Wuxi City were selected as the intervention group (41 students) and the control group (38 students). From April to June, 2023, the control group received no intervention, while the intervention group adopted an information based and behavioral intervention approach to comprehensively intervene in 24 h physical activity, sedentary, sleep and other behaviors (120 minutes each day for 8 weeks).Wherein, information based intervention mainly used paper leaflets and social and learning software to accurately push intervention information, and behavioral intervention mainly concentrated 1 hour of physical exercise and multiple activity behavior requirements every day with the triaxial accelerometer to feedback the objective data of physical activity. Subsequently, from June to July, 2023, a one week post test and follow up survey were conducted respectively.Bouchard diary in physical activity, Weekly questionnaire and triaxial accelerometer were used to record the 24 h activity behavior of both groups of students. T-test and repeated measurement analysis of variance were used to compare the differences of 24 h activity component index time between two groups before and after intervention and examine the changes within each group.@*Results@#Before and after intervention, there was no significant difference in the time of each component index of 24 h activity behavior in the control group. However, repeated measures analysis of variance between the intervention group and the control group revealed statistically significant interaction differences in physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep and other index time were statistically significant(pre-test and post test: F =6.45, 4.66 ,7.21,7.88; pre-test,post-test and follow up test: F =5.37,5.12,5.43,5.29; P <0.01). During the followup period, compared with the post-test data [(313.25±54.15, 601.88±65.47, 462.83±42.86, 61.92±18.53)min/d], the time of each component (physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, other) of the 24 h activity behavior of students in the intervention group rebounded [(298.52± 60.27 , 613.69±68.55, 442.33±45.26, 85.28±20.57)min/d], but it was better than the pre-test data [(230.45±67.42, 720.32±105.63, 369.78±32.31, 119.29±22.17)min/d], and the difference was statistically significant( F =42.46,39.45,33.41,59.43, P <0.01). During the intervention period, the physical activity, sedentary and sleep duration indicators of the intervention group students showed fluctuating patterns in the 4th and 5th weeks.@*Conclusions@#The comprehensive intervention on 24 h activity behavior among obese students in vocational colleges shows significant effectiveness, but its sustainability is insufficient. Considering the characteristics of obese students in vocational colleges, personalized intervention measures should be provided to increase physical activity and sleep time and reduce static activity time, in order to promote students to develop a healthy lifestyle.

Correlation between daily exercise load and physical fitness among primary school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the relationship between daily exercise load and physical fitness of primary school students, so as to provide relevant theoretical basis for the development of on campus physical education plans and the improvement of procedural physical health management for elementary school students.@*Methods@#A total of 223 students from 6 classes in a primary school in Beijing were selected by a stratified random cluster sampling method from May to June 2023. The daily exercise load of the students was monitored by Polar Verity Sense heart rate armband. The duration of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and daily Training Impulse (TRIMP) value were calculated, and the related indexes of daily exercise load were analyzed. Chi square test and univariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the correlation between daily exercise load and physical fitness assessment levels, and multi factor ordinal Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of physical fitness assessment levels.@*Results@#The average time spent in MVPA was (21.65±17.48) min. The TRIMP value was (361.47±124.81). The time spent in MVPA of primary school students in outdoor class, zero point sports, recess and after class PE were ( 8.86 ±8.56, 9.41±10.47, 1.97±3.12, 2.46±2.57) min, respectively. TRIMP values were (68.89±20.84, 72.83±30.27, 51.68±18.23, 19.99±5.78) in outdoor class, zero point sports, recess and after class PE, respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in physical fitness levels among students with different genders, grades, and BMI ( χ 2=7.13, 19.04, 32.98, P <0.05). The duration of daily MVPA, along with TRIMP value during outdoor class, zero point sports, recess, and after PE class were all statistically significant with physical fitness levels ( OR =1.07, 1.05, 1.02, 1.03, 1.11, P <0.05). The results of multi factor ordinal Logistic regression analysis showed that the primary school grade (lower grade: OR =9.24, middle grade: OR =7.81), BMI (abnormal: OR =0.21), duration of daily MVPA in school ( OR =1.06), and TRIMP value during outdoor class ( OR =1.05) were statistically significant with physical fitness levels ( P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#There is a positive correlation between physical fitness and different grades, BMI, daily exercise load, and outdoor exercise load. Increasing daily exercise load can improve students physical health. It is suggested to tailor the school sports program to suit primary school students, increase both the intensity and duration of school daily sports, and promote procedural physical health management for elementary school students.

Association of 24hour movement behaviors with emotional and behavioral problems among left-behind children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To examine the association of 24 hour movement behaviors with emotional and behavioral problems among left behind children, so as to provide a theoretical reference for the practice of 24 hour activity interventions to promote emotional and behavioral problems in this population.@*Methods@#From February to May 2023, 1 117 left behind children in grades 4-6 from 10 primary schools in five cities in Zhejiang Province were selected using a convenient cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey examining 24 hour movement behaviors, as well as emotional and behavioral problems. The general linear model was adopted to analyze the association between satisfying the 24 hour movement behavior guidelines, and emotional and behavioral problems among left behind children.@*Results@#The sleep duration compliance rate was the highest (52.19%), while the moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) compliance rate was the lowest (17.73%). The compliance rate of the three activities accounted for 7.43 %. There was a dose response between the number of guidelines satisfied, and the emotional and behavior of left behind children; that was, satisfaction of a higher number of guidelines was associated with a lower risk of emotional and behavioral problems among left behind children (difficulty factor: β=-0.56, 95%CI =-1.23--0.19; strength factor: β=0.50, 95%CI =-0.48-1.22, P < 0.01). Compared to satisfying none of the guidelines, satisfying the guidelines for screen time ( β=-0.23, 95%CI =-2.18- -0.14 ) and sleep duration ( β=-0.13, 95%CI =-1.66--0.11) was negatively correlated with the difficulty factor, while satisfying the guideline for MVPA ( β=0.13, 95%CI =0.09-1.08) and sleep duration ( β=0.18, 95%CI =0.09-1.40) was positively associated with the strength factor. In addition, satisfying two or all three of the guidelines was more strongly associated with these outcomes than satisfying one of the recommendations ( P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#Meeting the 24 hour movement behavior guidelines can improve emotional and behavioral problems among left behind children. It is necessary to raise their awareness of the effect of satisfying the 24 hour movement behavior guidelines and formulate comprehensive intervention measures.

Características e estratégias de aconselhamento para atividade física utilizadas por profissionais da atenção primária à saúde / Characteristics and counseling strategies for physical activity used by primary health care professionals

Resumo O estudo buscou descrever as características e estratégias de aconselhamento para atividade física utilizadas por profissionais da atenção primária à saúde (APS). Foi realizada uma pesquisa com 587 profissionais de saúde (85,4% mulheres) que atuam na APS de Florianópolis, no estado de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. Foram considerados os aconselhamentos efetuados nos últimos 12 meses, avaliando-se aspectos operacionais relacionados às práticas e estratégias utilizadas. A frequência de orientação de atividade física foi de 86,2% (IC95% = 83,2-88,8%). O aconselhamento se caracterizou como uma prática breve, realizada em consultas individuais, voltadas para adultos e idosos e pessoas com morbidades. A estratégia mais utilizada foi orientar usuários a participarem de grupos de atividade física no Centro de Saúde (89,5%), e em relação ao método 5As, dar algum "conselho" foi a estratégia mais utilizada (99,0%), e a menos utilizada foi seguir estratégias (22,6%). Aconselhamento para atividade física tem sido baseado em uma prática breve, realizada em consultas individuais e focada em pessoas com morbidades e em adultos e idosos. As estratégias utilizadas parecem não abranger o cuidado integral dos usuários aconselhados.

Abstract This study aim to describe the characteristics and strategies of counseling for physical activity used by Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals. A survey was carried out with 587 (85.4% women) health professionals who work in PHC in Florianopolis, in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Counseling carried out in the last 12 months was considered. Operational aspects related to counseling practices and strategies used for counseling were evaluated. The frequency of physical activity guidance was 86.2% (95%CI = 83.2-88.8%). Counseling was characterized as a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations, aimed at adults and the older adults and people with morbidities. The most used strategy was to guide users to participate in physical activity groups at the Health Center (89.5%) and in relation to the 5As method, giving some "advice" was the most used strategy (99.0%) and the least used. used was to follow strategies (22.6%). Counseling for physical activity has been based on a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations and focused on people with morbidities and on adults and the elderly. The strategies used do not seem to cover the full care of the advised users.

Habitual physical activity and sedentary behavior as predictors of dynapenia in older adults: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Dynapenia is a risk factor of mortality. Therefore, the development of low-cost and easy-to-apply tools is essential to optimize the health surveillance actions of older people. OBJECTIVES: To compare the time spent on habitual physical activity (HPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) among dynapenic and non-dynapenic older adults and ascertain the predictive ability of these behaviors on outcome. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional population epidemiological survey was conducted involving 208 older adults. METHODS: HPA and SB were quantified using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and dynapenia was identified by handgrip strength (women: 18.37 kgf; men: 26.75 kgf). RESULTS: The prevalence was 24.50%. In both sexes, dynapenic individuals reported a HPA median time of 70.00 minutes/week (min/wk), while non-dynapenic women and men reported HPA median times of 240.00 and 280.00 min/wk, respectively (P < 0.05). For SB among dynapenic individuals, a median of 388.75 min/day was observed in women and 428.57 min/d in men. In contrast, non-dynapenic women and men had 291.42 and 274.28 min/day in SB (P < 0.05), respectively. The best cutoff HPA to discriminate the outcome was 150.00 min/wk in women (sensitivity: 73.30%; specificity: 60.67%) and 140.00 min/wk in men (sensitivity, 71.43%; specificity, 61.54%). The best cutoff SB was 381.43 min/day in women (sensitivity, 53.30%; specificity, 84.80%) and 351.43 min/day in men (sensitivity, 71.43%; specificity, 73.85%). CONCLUSION: Older individuals with dynapenia spent less time on HPA and more time in SB. Furthermore, HPA was found to be a better discriminator of dynapenic individuals, and SB better discriminated non-dynapenic individuals.

Distrés psicológico en estudiantes de enfermería: relación con tiempo de pantalla, dieta y actividad física / Psychological distress in nursing students: relationship with screen time, diet and physical activity / Sofrimento psicológico em estudantes de enfermagem: relação com tempo de tela, alimentação e atividade física

Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, al igual que su asociación con el tiempo de pantalla, la dieta y la actividad física, en una cohorte de estudiantes de enfermería. Método: estudio descriptivo y transversal sobre una muestra de 648 estudiantes de enfermería. Se utilizaron la Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, la versión corta del International Physical Activity Questionnaire y el Índice de Alimentación Saludable español. Se llevaron a cabo diferentes modelos de regresión lineal múltiple para analizar la asociación entre los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, y el tiempo de pantalla, la dieta y la actividad física. Resultados: la prevalencia de síntomas de ansiedad y depresión fue de 24,1% y 3,7%, respectivamente. El tiempo de pantalla prolongado (>6 horas por día), baja actividad física y dieta inadecuada se asociaron de manera independiente y significativa con una mayor sintomatología psicológica. Conclusión: la salud mental de los estudiantes de enfermería podría beneficiarse de implementarse iniciativas que promuevan estilos de vida saludables.

Objective: to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as their association with screen time, diet and physical activity, in a cohort comprised by nursing students. Method: a descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted with a sample of 648 Nursing students. The instruments used were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Spanish Healthy Eating Index (Índice de Alimentación Saludable Español, IASE). Different multiple linear regression models were performed to analyze the association between anxiety/depression symptoms and screen time, diet and physical activity. Results: the prevalence values for anxiety and depression symptoms were 24.1% and 3.7%, respectively. Prolonged screen times (>6 hours a day), low levels of physical activity and inadequate diet were independently and significantly associated with deeper psychological symptoms. Conclusion: Nursing students' mental health might benefit from the implementation of initiatives promoting healthy lifestyles.

Objetivo: determinar a prevalência de sintomas de ansiedade e depressão e sua associação com tempo de tela, dieta e atividade física em uma coorte de estudantes de enfermagem. Método: estudo descritivo transversal com amostra de 648 estudantes de enfermagem. Utilizou-se a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, a versão curta do International Physical Activity Questionnaire e o Índice Espanhol de Alimentação Saudável. Foram realizados diferentes modelos de regressão linear múltipla para analisar a associação entre sintomas de ansiedade e depressão e tempo de tela, dieta e atividade física. Resultados: a prevalência de sintomas de ansiedade e depressão foi de 24,1% e 3,7%, respectivamente. O tempo prolongado de tela (>6 horas por dia), a baixa atividade física e a dieta inadequada foram associados de forma independente e significativa ao aumento da sintomatologia psicológica. Conclusão: a saúde mental dos estudantes de enfermagem pode ser beneficiada com a implementação de iniciativas que promovam estilos de vida saudáveis.

Actividad física durante el embarazo y su relación con la ganancia de peso gestacional / Physical activity during pregnancy and its relationship with gestational weight gain / Atividade física durante a gestação e sua relação com o ganho de peso gestacional

Objetivo: describir los patrones de actividad física de una cohorte de gestantes de nuestro medio y explorar su asociación con la ganancia de peso en cada uno de los trimestres del embarazo. Método: estudio descriptivo longitudinal sobre una muestra de 151 mujeres. Se utilizó el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física para evaluar la actividad física durante el embarazo en función del volumen, intensidad y ámbito de realización. Se llevaron a cabo diferentes modelos de regresión lineal múltiple para analizar la asociación entre actividad física y ganancia de peso gestacional. Resultados: la actividad física disminuyó durante el embarazo, tanto en tiempo como en intensidad. El índice de masa corporal pre-gestacional fue el principal factor asociado con una menor ganancia de peso a lo largo de todo el embarazo. La influencia de la actividad física sobre la ganancia de peso gestacional se limitó al tercer trimestre del embarazo en el que se observó una asociación inversa entre ambas variables. Conclusión: los resultados de este estudio muestran un importante descenso de la actividad física en la época del embarazo y sugieren una influencia limitada de ésta sobre la ganancia de peso gestacional.

Objective: to describe the physical activity patterns of a cohort comprised by pregnant women from our environment and to explore its association with weight gain in each of the trimesters of pregnancy. Methods: a descriptive and longitudinal study conducted with a sample of 151 women. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity during pregnancy based on volume, intensity and setting where it is performed. Different multiple linear regression models were performed to analyze the association between physical activity and gestational weight gain Results: physical activity decreased during pregnancy, both in terms of time and intensity. Pre-gestational Body Mass Index was the main factor associated with lower weight gain throughout pregnancy. The influence of physical activity on gestational weight gain was limited to the third trimester of pregnancy, where an inverse association was observed between both variables. Conclusion: the results of this study show an important reduction in physical activity during pregnancy and suggest that it exerts a limited influence on gestational weight gain

Objetivo: descrever os padrões de atividade física de uma coorte de gestantes em nosso meio e explorar sua associação com o ganho de peso em cada um dos trimestres de gestação. Método: estudo descritivo longitudinal com uma amostra de 151 mulheres. O Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física foi utilizado para avaliar a atividade física durante a gestação de acordo com o volume, intensidade e escopo do desempenho. Diferentes modelos de regressão linear múltipla foram utilizados para analisar a associação entre atividade física e ganho de peso gestacional. Resultados: a atividade física diminuiu durante a gestação, tanto em tempo quanto em intensidade. O índice de massa corporal pré-gestacional foi o principal fator associado ao menor ganho de peso ao longo da gestação. A influência da atividade física no ganho de peso gestacional limitou-se ao terceiro trimestre de gestação, no qual foi observada associação inversa entre ambas as variáveis. Conclusão: os resultados deste estudo mostram uma diminuição significativa da atividade física no momento da gravidez e sugerem uma influência limitada desta no ganho de peso gestacional.

Niveles de actividad física y peso corporal en una comunidad universitaria en la pandemia COVID-19

Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de actividad física, horas sedente e índice de masa corporal (IMC) en una comunidad universitaria asociados al aislamiento obligatorio decretado en razón a la pandemia por COVID-19. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, transversal en trabajadores, docentes y estudiantes con un rango de edad de 18 a 59 años, llevada a cabo entre febrero y abril del 2021 con un muestreo por conveniencia. Se determinó el índice de masa corporal y se aplicó el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física versión corta avalado para Colombia. Resultados: se evaluaron un total de 52 personas, 35 mujeres (67,3 %) y 17 hombres (32,7 %), edad media de 37,6 años ± 11,4, IMC medio de 25,9 kg/ m² ± 3,8. El nivel del IMC mostró un exceso de peso en el 67,9 % del grupo de 39 años o más; en los menores solo el 4,2 % mostró niveles en obesidad. No se encontraron personas con nivel bajo peso. En el 57,7 % de los participantes se encontró bajo nivel de actividad física, 15,4 % en el nivel moderado y 26,9 % con un nivel de actividad física alta. Las horas sedentes de los mayores se encontró en 8,4 horas por día. Conclusiones: los cambios en el estilo de vida asociados al aislamiento obligatorio, impactaron de forma negativa en el nivel de actividad física, en el IMC y en número de horas sedente a los integrantes de la comunidad universitaria.

Objective: To evaluate the level of physical activity, sitting hours and Body Mass Index in a university community associated with the mandatory isolation decreed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional study in workers, teachers and students with an age range of 18 to 59 years, carried out between February and April 2021 with convenience sampling. The body mass index was determined and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, short version endorsed for Colombia, was applied. Results: A total of 52 people were evaluated, 35 women (67.3%) and 17 men (32.7%), mean age of 37.6 years ± 11.4, mean BMI of 25.9 kg/m² ± 3.8. The BMI level showed excess weight in 67.9% of the group aged 39 or over. In the younger group only 4.2% showed levels of obesity. People with low weight level were not found. A low level of physical activity was found in 57.7% of the participants, 15.4% showed a moderate level and 26.9% showed a high level of physical activity. The sitting hours of the elderly was found to be 8.4 hours per day. Conclusions: Changes in lifestyle associated with mandatory isolation had a negative impact on the level of physical activity, on the body mass index and on the number of hours sitting for the members of the university community.

Objetivo: avaliar o nível de atividade física, horas sem atividade física e índice de massa corporal (IMC) em uma comunidade universitária associados ao isolamento obrigatória decretado a causa da pandemia por COVID-19. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, transversal em trabalhadores, docentes e estudantes com uma média de idade de 18 a 59 anos, levada a cabo entre fevereiro e abril do 2021 com uma amostra por conveniência. Determinou-se o índice de massa corporal e se aplicou o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física versão curta avaliada para a Colômbia. Resultados: avaliaram-se um total de 52 pessoas, 35 mulheres (67,3 %) e 17 homens (32,7 %), idade média de 37,6 anos ± 11,4, IMC médio de 25,9 kg/ m² ± 3,8. o nível do IMC amostrou um excesso de peso no 67,9 % do grupo de 39 anos o mais; nos menores só o 4,2 % amostrou níveis em obesidade. Não se acharam pessoas com nível baixo peso. No 57,7 % dos participantes se encontrou baixo nível de atividade física, 15,4 % no nível moderado e 26,9 % com um nível de atividade física alta. As horas sem atividade física nos maiores se achou em 8,4 horas por dia. Conclusões: os câmbios no estilo de vida associados ao isolamento obrigatório, impactaram de forma negativa no nível de atividade física, no IMC e no número de horas sem atividade física aos integrantes da comunidade universitária.

Evaluación de los movimientos generales en niños prematuros para predicción de parálisis cerebral / Assessment of general movements in preterm infants as a predictor of cerebral palsy

La identificación temprana de la parálisis cerebral es aún en la actualidad un gran desafío para el sistema de salud en el mundo. Hubo grandes avances de la neonatología en disminuir la mortalidad, pero no así la morbimortalidad; la parálisis cerebral continúa siendo la secuela más común de todos los trastornos del desarrollo, especialmente entre quienes nacen prematuramente. La posibilidad de realizar detección precoz antes de los 5 meses de edad conlleva múltiples beneficios para el niño y su familia, ya que permite su incorporación muy temprana a tratamiento. En este trabajo describimos una herramienta con gran sensibilidad y especificidad conocida como evaluación de los movimientos generales de Prechtl y su posible complementación con aplicaciones tecnológicas para la detección temprana.

At present, the early identification of cerebral palsy still poses a major challenge for the health system worldwide. Great advances have been made in neonatology in reducing mortality, but not morbimortality. Cerebral palsy remains the most common sequela of all developmental disorders, especially among those born prematurely. The possibility of early detection before 5 months of age has many benefits for the child and their family, since it allows very early initiation of treatment. In this study, we describe a highly sensitive and specific tool known as Prechtl's assessment of general movements and its potential complementation with technological apps for early detection.

Isolamento social durante a pandemia de COVID-19 aumenta o indicativo de sarcopenia e o comportamento sedentário em idosos brasileiros / Social isolation during the Covid-19 pandemic increases the indicator of sarcopenia and sedentary behavior in brazilians older adults

Objetivo: comparar se o indicativo de sarcopenia e comportamento sedentário aumentou durante o isolamento social devido à pandemia de COVID-19 em idosos brasileiros. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 98 idosos de ambos os sexos, sendo 64 homens e 34 mulheres das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil, e que estavam em isolamento social total ou parcial devido à pandemia de COVID-19 (junho a julho de 2020). Foram utilizados o SARC-F e o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), versão curta. A coleta de dados quantitativos ocorreu através de um formulário on-line disponibilizado pela Survey Monkey. Os dados foram analisados por meio dos testes Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene, t independente e dependente, e coeficiente de Spearman. Adotou-se significância quando p < 0,05. Resultados: as mulheres (p = 0,047) e os idosos que não praticavam exercício físico (p = 0,001), apresentaram maior tempo sentado após o início da pandemia. Os idosos mais novos (p = 0,002) e que reportaram estar praticando exercício antes do isolamento social (p = 0,006) apresentam menores escores indicativos de sarcopenia durante a pandemia. Os idosos apresentaram aumento nos indicativos de sarcopenia (p = 0,050) e no comportamento sedentário (p = 0,001) durante o período de isolamento social. Conclusão: o período de isolamento social devido à pandemia da COVID-19 provocou aumento no indicativo de sarcopenia e no comportamento sedentário das pessoas idosas.

Objective: to compare whether the indicative of sarcopenia and sedentary behavior increased during social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic in elderly Brazilians. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with 98 elderly people of both sexes, 64 men and 34 women from southern and southeastern Brazil, and who were in total or partial social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic (June to July 2020). The SARC-F and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short version, were used. The collection of quantitative data took place through an online form provided by Survey Monkey. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene, independent and dependent t tests, and Spearman's coefficient. Significance was adopted when p < 0.05. Results: women (p = 0.047) and the elderly who did not exercise (p = 0.001) had more time sitting after the onset of the pandemic. Younger elderly (p = 0.002) and those who reported having been exercising before social isolation (p = 0.006) had lower scores indicative of sarcopenia during the pandemic. The elderly showed an increase in sarcopenia indicatives (p = 0.050) and in sedentary behavior (p = 0.001) during the period of social isolation. Conclusion: the period of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused an increase in the indicative of sarcopenia and in the sedentary behavior of the elderly.