ABSTRACT
Background: Coordination training of younger school children increases the level of coordination abilities and improves the performance of short-term and long-term memory, especially if physical education classes with children use a differentiated approach, which is based on the strength of the nervous system. Aim of the study: To determine the effect of coordination training on the development of short-term and long-term memory in younger school children with different typologies. Subjects and methods: The study involved children 7-8 years old from a regular school. Prior to the study, all school children were differentiated into 3 groups of 20 people. Results: During the 7 months of the study, the following changes in indicators occurred. In KG, school children worsened their performance in the test “shuttle run” from 10.3 ± 0.6 to 10.4 ± 0.6 (p>0.05) and in the test for long-term memory, the result deteriorated by 0.1 (p>0.05). In the short-term memory test, the results improved slightly from 6.1 ± 0.5 to 6.3 ± 0.4 (p>0.05). In EG-1 performance in all tests were improved. Short-term memory improved by 0.8 (p>0.05) and long-term memory improved by 0.6 (p>0.05). The EG-2 indicators have improved significantly in all tests. In short-term memory tests, the values were higher by 3.5 (p<0.05) and long-term memory improved by 2 points (p<0.05). Conclusion and recommendations: If physical education classes in children of 7-8 years develop coordination of movements, the indicators of coordination abilities improved and indicators of the properties of memory also increased, especially in those children who were engaged in differentiated taking into account the strength of the nervous system.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the influence of footwear and barefoot on movement coordination of the lower extremities and metatarsophalangeal (MP) joints during push off phase in typical lunge footwork of badminton, so as to provide theoretical basis for scientific training of badminton, as well as choice and development of badminton shoes. Methods Male badminton elites were recruited and required to perform the typical push-off footwork in playing badminton under two shod conditions (commercial badminton footwear and a prototype) and the barefoot condition. A Vicon motion capture system and a high-speed video camera were simultaneously employed to collect the kinematics and coordination characteristics of the hip, knee, ankle and MP joints during the push-off stage of the lunge step. Results (1) No substantial difference was found in joint kinematics of the lower extremities during push-off stage for wearing two types of badminton shoes adopted in this study. Compared with barefoot, wearing badminton shoes could increase the angular velocity of ankle and MP joints to some extent and significantly decrease the time of peak angular velocity occurrence in each joint; (2) With respect to characteristics of movement coordination, the hip, knee, ankle and MP joints were accelerating successively in a proximal-to-distal way during push-off under three foot-shoe conditions. Conclusions Footwear can provide the dynamic source during push-off, and contribute to improve the velocity and effects of push off in order to enhance performance. The movement coordination of the lower extremities during push off in the lunge step is more inclined to be a rational combination of sequence and synchronization. Consequently, more attention should be paid to the speed/strength training of the ankle and MP joints.