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1.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020179

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o impacto de diferentes formas de mensuração da pobreza nas variações do Índice de Bem-Estar Pessoal (BEP) de indivíduos pobres e não pobres. Foram realizadas análises comparativas com o teste t de Student e Análise Multivariada de Variância (MANOVA), em uma perspectiva comparativa de diferentes formas de mensuração da pobreza com 731 pessoas, provenientes de um estado do Nordeste (57%) e do Sul (43%) do Brasil, com idade média de 36,68 anos (DP = 16,02). Utilizaram-se medidas monetárias e multidimensionais da pobreza. Identifica-se que, independente da forma de mensuração da pobreza, há um impacto negativo no BEP. Porém, observa-se que a utilização da perspectiva multidimensional tem uma maior capacidade de identificação dos impactos psicossociais da pobreza.


Abstract The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of different forms of poverty measurement on variations of the Personal Well-being Index (PWI) of poor and non-poor individuals. Comparative analyzes were performed with the Student's t-test and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) in a comparative perspective of different forms of poverty measurement. The sample consisted of 731 Brazilian subjects, 57% from a northeastern state and 43% form a southern state, with a mean age of 36,7 years (SD = 16,0). Monetary and multidimensional measures of poverty were used. The results indicate that, regardless of the form of poverty measurement, there is a negative impact on PWI. However, the use of the multidimensional perspective seems to have a greater capacity to identify the psychosocial impacts of poverty.

2.
Psicol. teor. prát ; 15(1): 175-193, abr. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-717632

ABSTRACT

Este estudo teve o objetivo de construir e validar uma medida psicológica denominada de escala de propensão ao risco específico (Epre) para a população brasileira. Participaram do estudo 394 pessoas, sendo 158 adultos em conflito com a lei (n homens = 149; n mulheres = 9) que já haviam passado pela prisão (média idade = 34,23 anos; dp = 10,17), 122 estudantes universitários (n homens = 108; n mulheres = 14; m = 19,26; dp = 2,06) e 114 mulheres com idade superior a 40 anos e escolaridade a partir de ensino médio (m = 51,19; dp = 8,64). Os resultados de validação da medida apresentaram como produto um instrumento com estrutura de quatro dimensões (saúde/segurança, abuso de substâncias, investimento financeiro e risco nas relações sociais) com índices de confiabilidade satisfatórios para fins de pesquisa. Concluímos que a estrutura fatorial de propensão ao risco sugerida para o contexto brasileiro apresenta material relevante para diferenciações culturais e contextuais sobre o risco no país, entretanto há maior necessidade de consolidação do estudo desse construto em razão de sua complexidade conceitual.


This study aimed to construct and validate a psychological measure called the Specific Risk-Taking Scale (Epre) for the Brazilian population. The study included 394 people: 158 adults in conflict with the law (n men = 149; n women = 9) that had already been in prison (mean age = 34.23 years; sd = 10.17), 122 college students (n men = 108; n women = 14; m = 19.26; sd = 2.06) and 114 women above 40 years old and at least high school concluded (m = 51.19; sd = 8.64). The factor analysis procedures generated an instrument structured in four dimensions (health/safety, substance abuse, financial investment and risk in social relations) with satisfactory reliability indexes for research purposes. We concluded that the factor structure of risk-taking suggested here is a relevant material in the Brazilian context to study cultural and contextual differences on risk in this country. However this construct needs more studies to be consolidated because of its conceptual complexity.


Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las evidencias sobre la validez factorial de la escala de la propensión al riesgo específico (Epre), dirigida a la población brasileña. Participaron 394 personas: 158 adultos en conflicto con la ley (n hombre = 149; n mujer = 9) que ya había estado en prisión (media edad = 34,23 años; de = 10,17), 122 jóvenes universitarios (n hombre = 108; n mujer = 14; m = 19,26; de = 2,06) y 114 mujeres, con una media de edad de 50,86 (de = 8,64) años y la escolarización de la escuela secundaria. Los resultados de validación indicaron un instrumento con la estructura de cuatro dimensiones (salud/seguridad, abuso de sustancias, inversión financiera, relaciones sociales), mostrando índices de fiabilidad satisfactorios para fines de investigación. Concluimos que la estructura factorial de la propensión al riesgo sugeridos para el contexto brasileño presenta el material pertinente a las diferencias culturales y contextuales sobre el riesgo en este país, aunque hay una mayor necesidad de consolidación en el estudio de esta construcción desde su complejidad conceptual.

3.
Journal of the Korean Medical Association ; : 898-909, 2003.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-164212

ABSTRACT

Radiation disasters have a potential to cause a widespread feeling of destruction of safety in life and severe and complicated psychiatric problems to individuals and community. When a radiation accident occurs, it is essential to recognize the importance of psychosocial issues and to focus on the mental health aspect of victims. A radiation accident can produce profound psychological impacts at all levels of society, affecting individuals, families, communities, and the nation as a whole. These psychological effects may create longer-term problems, and the social stigma can be powerful and pervasive. The "post-traumatic stress reaction" has a broad range of disturbances from hyperarousal to psychiatric disorders, and can produce a marked deterioration in the quality of life. The strategy of the continuing care has been modest, based on promoting the victims' self-esteem and ability to cope with the disaster, while providing both social and life support. Rapid and appropriate intervention containing 'information management' is essential to prevent the progression of psychiatric disorders. Consideration of psychosocial factors needs to be an integral part of domestic preparedness efforts including multidimensional approach (planning, education, training, forum, and response operations). Therefore mental health care should be incorporated into the global strategy for victims' care, and this has to be done at a very early stage after the accident.


Subject(s)
Humans , Disasters , Education , Information Management , Mental Health , Psychology , Quality of Life , Radioactive Hazard Release , Social Stigma
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