ABSTRACT
Skeletal muscle infiltration in carcinoma is a rare entity. Intramyofiber skeletal muscle invasion is the rarest type of muscle infiltration. Here we present one such case of intramyofiber skeletal muscle invasion in a case of breast carcinoma.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To optimize an orthopedic non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) model in nude mouse by comparing four different ways of cellular transplantation, and to evaluate the efficacy of drug by bladder instillation, so as to provide a stable and efficient animal model for the treatment of bladder cancer. METHODS: After disruption of bladder mucosa by dilute acid-alkali or silver nitrate, T24 cells were instilled into the nude mouse bladder. T24 cells were injected directly into the bladder with mechanical injury of bladder mucosa. T24 cells were injected into the bladder wall. On the 14th day after making models, the nude mice were sacrificed. And the bladder mass and histopathological changes of tumor (including bladder) was observe to confirm the formation of orthopedic bladder cancer. The dynamic changes of orthopedic bladder cancer were observed after injecting T24 cells into the bladder wall. Gemcitabine was used to verify the applicability of the model of injecting T24 cells into the bladder wall in vivo. RESULTS: No tumor was found in the bladder after intravesical instillation of T24 cells with dilute acid-alkali or silver nitrate treatment. With mechanical injury of bladder mucosa, all nude mice had tumors after injection T24 cells. But the number of tumors varied and often occurred at multiple sites. The tumor was found in the bladder of all nude mice by injecting T24 cells into bladder wall, and there was only one tumor. The tumor showed slow linear growth within 15 days and rapid linear growth from day 18 to 31. In vivo efficacy evaluation, gemcitabine 150 mg/kg intravesical perfusion could significantly inhibit the growth of NMIBC in nude mice replicated by direct injection of T24 cells into the bladder wall, and the tumor inhibition rate was 97.1%. CONCLUSION: The orthotopic NMIBC model can not be established with the bladder mucosa injuried by dilute acid-alkali or silver nitrate treatment. The number and size of orthotopic bladder cancer are different by mechanical injury of bladder mucosa. Injection of T24 cells into the bladder wall of nude mouse can successfully establish the orthotopic NMIBC model, which can be used for the evaluation of NMIBC therapeutic drugs.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To assess the association between muscle invasion by oral squamous cell carcinoma of the posterior mandibular alveolar ridge and cervical lymph node metastasis on the basis of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma of the posterior mandibular alveolar ridge were evaluated by MRI. The associations between cervical lymph node metastasis and independent factors evaluated by MRI were analyzed. Overall survival was also analyzed in this manner. Representative biopsy specimens were stained with anti-podoplanin and anti-CD34 antibodies. RESULTS: Mylohyoid muscle invasion was associated with cervical lymph node metastasis. A combinational factor of mylohyoid and/or buccinator muscle invasion was also associated with cervical lymph node metastasis. Cervical lymph node metastasis and masticator space invasion had a negative effect on overall survival. No lymphatic vessels were identified near the tumor invasion front within the mandible. In contrast, lymphatic vessels were identified near the front of tumor invasion in the muscles. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates an association between muscular invasion by oral squamous cell carcinoma of the posterior mandibular alveolar ridge and cervical lymph node metastasis.