Application of modern rehabilitation techniques combined with external application of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the treatment of knee stiffness / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of modern rehabilitation techniques combined with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) external application in the treatment of knee stiffness.Methods:Prospective cohort study. A total of 80 patients with knee stiffness meeting the entry criteria admitted to the People's Hospital of Bozhou from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected and divided into the observation group ( n=40) and the control group ( n=40) according to the random ball touching method. Both groups were given routine physiotherapy. The control group was treated with TCM external application on the basis of the physiotherapy, and the observation was treated with modern rehabilitation techniques on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The goniometer was used to measure the knee flexion and extension before and after treatment, and the VAS scale was used to assess the knee pain. Fug l-Meyer motor function score was used to evaluate lower extremity motor function. Results:After treatment, the knee flexion [(96.43 ± 4.63) ° vs. (89.58 ± 4.67) °, t=6.59] in the observation group was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01), and the extension [(8.32 ± 2.03) ° vs. (11.69 ± 2.37) °, t=6.83] in the control group was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.01); VAS score (2.06 ± 0.49 vs. 3.65 ± 0.76, t=11.12) was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.01), and Fugl Meyer motor function score (28.97 ± 3.76 vs. 20.43 ± 3.04, t=11.17) was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The application of modern rehabilitation techniques combined with TCM external application in the treatment of knee stiffness can improve the range of motion of the knee joint, reduce the VAS score of pain, and improve the motor function.

Efeitos da vibração do tendão muscular no equilíbrio após acidente vascular cerebral: revisão sistemática / Efectos de la vibración del tendón muscular en el equilibrio después del accidente cerebrovascular: una revisión sistemática / Effects of muscle tendon vibration on balance after stroke: systematic review

RESUMO Após o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), as pessoas apresentam combinações complexas de déficits sensoriais, motores, cognitivos e emocionais que podem afetar o equilíbrio estático e dinâmico. O objetivo do estudo foi compilar e resumir as principais características e achados de protocolos utilizados em pesquisas que investigaram os efeitos da vibração no tendão muscular no equilíbrio estático e dinâmico em adultos com AVC. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, registrada na PROSPERO (CRD42022303874), em que foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, Science Direct e PEDro, durante o mês de janeiro de 2022, por meio da combinação de palavras-chave relacionadas a "stroke", "balance", "muscle tendon vibration" e "randomized controlled trial". A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada através da escala PEDro. Foram identificados 1.560 estudos, dos quais 11 foram incluídos, publicados entre 1994 e 2020, envolvendo 242 adultos pós-AVC. Apenas cinco estudos utilizaram a vibração como intervenção e verificaram melhora no equilíbrio estático e dinâmico. Seis estudos analisaram a interferência da vibração no controle postural, observando que o equilíbrio foi afetado durante a aplicação da vibração e que os indivíduos precisaram de mais tempo para se recuperar ou não sofreram diferenças significativas. Verificou-se que os efeitos da vibração do tendão muscular podem melhorar o equilíbrio em pessoas com AVC e influenciar o controle postural através de mecanismos proprioceptivos da vibração. Entretanto, são necessários mais estudos de alta qualidade metodológica para atingir um consenso em relação aos protocolos de tratamento com vibração do tendão muscular e sua recomendação na prática clínica.

RESUMEN Después del accidente cerebrovascular, las personas tienen combinaciones complejas de déficits sensoriales, motores, cognitivos y emocionales que pueden afectar el equilibrio estático y dinámico. El objetivo de este estudio fue recopilar y resumir las principales características y hallazgos de los protocolos utilizados en los estudios que investigaron los efectos de la vibración del tendón muscular sobre el equilibrio estático y dinámico en adultos con accidente cerebrovascular. Se trata de una revisión sistemática, registrada en PROSPERO (CRD420223874), en la que se realizaron búsquedas en las Bases de Datos PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, Science Direct y PEDro, durante el mes de enero de 2022, mediante la combinación de palabras clave relacionadas con "stroke", "balance", "muscle tendon vibration" y "randomized controlled trial". La calidad metodológica se evaluó mediante la escala PEDro. Se identificaron un total de 1.560 estudios, de los cuales se incluyeron 11, publicados entre 1994 y 2020, con 242 adultos después del accidente cerebrovascular. Solo cinco estudios utilizaron la vibración como intervención y verificaron la mejoría en el equilibrio estático y dinámico. Seis estudios analizaron la interferencia de la vibración en el control postural, señalando que el equilibrio se vio afectado durante la aplicación de la vibración y que los individuos necesitaron más tiempo para recuperarse o no sufrieron diferencias significativas. Se encontró que los efectos de la vibración del tendón muscular pueden mejorar el equilibrio en personas con accidente cerebrovascular e influir en el control postural a través de mecanismos propioceptivos de vibración. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios de alta calidad metodológica para llegar a un consenso con respecto a los protocolos de tratamiento con vibración del tendón muscular y su recomendación en la práctica clínica.

ABSTRACT After cerebrovascular accident (CVA), people have complex combinations of sensory, motor, cognitive, and emotional deficits, which can affect static and dynamic balance. This study aimed to compile and summarize the main features and findings of protocols used in research that investigated the effects of muscle tendon vibration on static and dynamic balance in adults with stroke. This is a systematic review, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022303874), in which searches were performed in the databases PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, Science Direct, and PEDro, during the month of January 2022, using the combination of keywords related to "stroke," "balance," "muscle tendon vibration," "randomized controlled trial." Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. A total of 1,560 studies were identified, 11 of which were included, between the years 1994 to 2020, involving 242 post-stroke adults. Only five studies used vibration as an intervention and found an improvement in static and dynamic balance. Six studies analyzed the interference of vibration on postural control, showing that balance was affected during the application of vibration and that individuals needed more time to recover or did not experience significant differences. We found that the effects of muscle tendon vibration may be able to improve balance in people with stroke and influence postural control by proprioceptive mechanisms of vibration. However, more studies of high methodological quality are needed to reach a consensus regarding muscle tendon vibration treatment protocols and their recommendation in clinical practice.

Punctual mechanical oscillation in modulation of muscular tonus in children with spasticity

Spasticity is a motor condition present in 75 to 88% of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). One form of treatment is called punctual mechanical oscillation (PO). The current study aimed to study different protocols for the application of PO and the magnitude of their effects. In total, 7children with medical diagnosis of CP and ICD (International Classification of Diseases) were included. The first intervention protocol (Int1) consisted of the application of PO to the spastic muscle tendon and the second intervention protocol (Int2) to the muscle belly ofthe spastic antagonist muscle. For evaluation, the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) was used, while simultaneously capturing the mechanomyography (MMG) signals. Data were collected pre-intervention and 1 (Post1), 15 (Post15), 30 (Post30), 45 (Post45), and60 (Post60) minutes after the interventions. The MAS values (median ± interquartile range) post intervention were statistically lower when compared to the pre values in the 2 protocols studied; in Int1between Pre (2 ± 0) andPost15 (0 ± 1.75), Post30 (0 ± 1), Post45 (1 ± 1),and Post60 (1 ± 1), and in Int2only between Pre (2 ± 1) and Post1 (0 ± 1).The values found in the MMG in both its temporal and spectral domains did not follow a pattern (p>0.05). The comparison between the protocols did not demonstrate statistical differences in any characteristics (MAS, MMGMF, and MMGRMS). However, PO was shown to be a therapeutic resource that modulated spasticity for up to 60 minutes after its application, and PO could contribute as a tool to aid the treatment of spasticity.

Clinical study of fumigation with Shujin-Jieluan Decoction combined with Pingheng-Shujin Manipulation in the treatment of chirospasm after stroke / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the efficacy of fumigation with Shujin-Jieluan Decoction combined with Pingheng-Shujin Manipulation (manipulation of balance and muscle tendon relaxing) in the treatment of chirospasm after stroke.@*Methods@#A total of 104 patients with chirospasm after stroke who metthe inclusion criteria from July 2016 to June 2018 were selectedand divided into tow groups with the digital table methodwith 52 cases in each group. The control group was given routine rehabilitation training while the observation group was given fumigation with Shujin-Jieluan decoction combined with Pingheng-Shujin manipulation based oncontrol group, and the two groups both were treated for 8 weeks. The Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) was used for chirospasm classification, and Key Point tabletop electromyography device was used to record the frequency, average amplitude and the shortest latency of F wave of median nerve. Fugl-Meyer motor function rating scale was used to evaluate hand motor function, and modified Barthel Index (BI) was used to evaluate life functionand clinical efficacy.@*Results@#The effective rate was 88.5% (46/52) in observation group and was 65.4% (34/52) in control group (χ2=7.800, P=0.005). After treatment, the frequency (15.11 ± 2.06 vs. 16.72 ± 1.95, t=4.093), average amplitude (0.52 ± 0.04 mV vs. 0.59 ± 0.05 mV, t=7.883) and the shortest latency (24.37 ± 2.85 ms vs. 25.88 ± 2.43 ms, t=2.907) of F wave in observation group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.01). Fugl-Meyer hand function score (6.51 ± 1.45 vs. 5.09 ± 1.22, t=5.404) and BI index score (60.87 ± 5.16 vs. 56.54 ± 4.25, t=4.671) were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01). The distribution of MAS classification in observation group was significantly lower than that of control group (Z=8.410, P=0.004).@*Conclusions@#Fumigation with Shujin-Jieluan Decoction combined with Pingheng-Shujin Manipulation can improve the neuromuscular transmission of patients with chirospasm after stroke, and facilitate the recovery of hand function and viability.

Treatment of sacroiliac joint dislocation by Zhuang medicine tendon therapy combined with chiropractic manipulation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical effect of Zhuang medicine tendon therapy combined with chiropractic manipulation in treating sacroiliac joint dislocation.@*METHODS@#From January 2017 to May 2018, 60 patients with sacroiliac joint dislocation were divided into treatment group and control group according to the order of admission. There were 19 males and 11 females in the treatment group, aged from 23 to 52 (38.97±3.23) years old, with a course of 2 h to 5.1 months, with an average of (2.19±1.12) months. There were 14 males and 16 females in the control group, aged from 26 to 50 (39.07±3.30) years old, with a course of 3 h to 6 months, with an average of(2.41±1.05) months. The treatment group was treated with Zhuang medicine tendon therapy combined with chiropractic manipulation, while the control group was treated with conventional acupuncture and massage. Before treatment, the main clinical symptoms of the patients were lumbosacral pain, posterior superior iliac spine not at the same level and accompanied with dyskinesia. The pelvic separation test and the "4" test were positive. After treatment, the curative effect was evaluated according to the improved Macnab standard and the "score of treatment of lumbar diseases".@*RESULTS@#Sixty patients were followed up for an average of 8 months. At the latest follow-up, the clinical effect of modified Macnab was better in the treatment group than in the control group(<0.01). After treatment, the treatment group was better than the control group on lumbar function score (<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The treatment of sacroiliac joint dislocation by Zhuang medicine tendon therapy combined with chiropractic manipulation has good clinical effect and is worth further application and development.

Effect of Acupuncture at Muscle Tendon and Supplemented Peony-Licorice Decoction on Spasticity after Stroke / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To observe the effect of traditional Chinese acupuncture-medcine on limb spasticity after stroke. Methods From April,2016 to October,2017,90 patients with limb spasticity after stroke were randomly divided into ba-sic rehabilitation group(n=30),baclofen group(n=30)and acupuncture-medicine group(n=30).All the groups accepted basic medical therapy and rehabilitation training,while the acupuncture-medicine group accepted acu-puncture at muscle tendon and Supplemented Peony-Licorice Decoction orally,and the baclofen group accepted baclofen orally.They were assessed with modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), simplified Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA)and modified Barthel index(MBI)before and four weeks after treatment,and the clinical effective rates were compared. Results The total effective rate of the basic rehabilitation group was 53.3%,and it was 66.7% in the baclofen group,and 86.7% in the acupuncture-medicine group.The scores of MAS,FMA and MBI significantly improved in all the groups after treatment(t>6.500,P<0.001),and improved the most in the acupuncture-medicine group(F>12.332, P<0.001).No adverse event was found during the treatment. Conclusion The integration of acupuncture and Chinese medicine in rehabilitation can further relieve the spasticity in pa-tients after stroke,and improve the motor function and activities of daily living.

Clinical research of manipulation combined with theTaohong-Siwu decoction in the treatment of acute lumbar disc herniation / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To explore the clinical curative effect of theTaohong-Siwu decoction combined with manipulation in the treatment of the acute phase of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and its effect on serum inflammatory factors.Methods According to the random number table method, 102 patients with the acute phase of LDH were divided into control group and research group from May 2014 to September 2016, 51 cases in each group. Patients in control group were treated by traction and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for a month, while patients in research group were treated by manipulation combined withTaohong-Siwu decoction for a month. After treatment, the overall efficacy was observed. The Visual analogous scale (VAS) and JOA scores were recorded before and after the treatment. The IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels of inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The total effective rate of patients in research roup was significantly higher than that of the control group [90.20％ (46/51)vs. 43.14％ (22/51),χ2=19.329, P=0.006]. After treatment, the VAS scores of patients in both groups were significantly decreased, and JOA score increased markedly, which the differences were statistically significant (Ps<0.05). After treatment, the VAS score of research group was significantly lower than the control group (4.26 ± 0.56vs. 5.13 ± 0.87;t=4.843, P=0.027), and JOA score was significantly higher than the control group (18.42 ± 3.92vs.17.33 ± 4.21;t=5.127, P=0.022). After treatment, the IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels of of patients in the research group were significantly lower than those of the control group (0.57 ± 0.11μg/Lvs. 0.90 ± 0.13μg/L, 112.26 ± 15.17μg/Lvs. 130.38 ± 18.29μg/L, 2.01 ± 0.34μg/Lvs. 2.37 ± 0.51μg/L;t=5.429, 6.317, 5.011,P<0.05). ConclusionsThe Taohong-Siwu decoction combined with manipulation on treatment of the acute phase of LDH was effective. The combined therapy can improve the VAS score and JOA score, and reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines.

Clinical Observation on Combination of Muscle Tendon Manipulation and Sagittal Pull Method Modified with a Small Angle among 40 Atlantoaxial Subluxation Cases / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to investigate the clinical effect of atlantoaxial subluxation with the combination of the muscle tendon manipulation and the modified small angle sagittal pull and conventional Tuina therapy.A total of 80 atlantoaxial subluxation cases were randomly divided into two groups.The cure rate,rate of improvement,imaging and Xray space difference between two groups were observed and analyzed statistically.The results showed that the cure rate was 70.00％ in the treatment group,and 42.50％ in the control group;the total efficiency rate was 97.472％ in the treatment group,and 82.50％ in the control group.There was significant difference between two groups by x2 test.The image of atlanto odontoid anterior space and the side gap difference were significant before and after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).It was concluded that treatment of atlantoaxial subluxation with the combination of the muscle tendon manipulation and the modified small angle sagittal pull achieved better effect compared to the conventional Tuina therapy.This method should be further promoted in the clinical practice.

Clinical study of manipulation of Bojin-Guicao combined with external application of Chinese medicine for the lateral epicondylitis / 国际中医中药杂志

Objectives In order to evaluate the clinical effect of manipulation combined with traditional Chinese medicine for the lateral epicondylitis.Methods A total of 150 patients with lateral epicondylitis were randomly divided into two groups, 75 patients in each group. The treatment group received manipulation combined with the TCM herbal bathing decoction, and the control group received the shock wave therapy and TCM herbal bathing decoction. Two groups were treated for 3 months. The SF-McGill scale, VAS, PPI, PRI were measured, and the clinical curative effect rate was assessed after treatment.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 92.0% (69/75), and the control group was 80.0% (60/75). There was statistical significant difference between two groups (χ2=8.339,P=0.039). The SF-McGill pain questionnaire scores, after treatment (26.3 ± 9.9vs. 29.4 ± 8.8, t=-4.183), one month after treatment (20.5 ± 7.7vs. 25.6 ± 6.9, t=-3.954), and 3 months after treatment (14.4 ± 8.0vs. 18.3 ± 6.7,t=-4.031) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The VAS scores after treatment (4.9 ± 1.4vs. 5.8 ± 1.3,t=-4.631), one month after treatment (3.0 ± 1.0vs. 4.1±1.2,t=-3.752), and three months after treatment (2.3 ± 1.0vs. 3.0 ± 1.3,t=-4.350) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group  (P<0.05). The PPI score after treatment (2.4 ± 0.6vs. 3.1 ± 0.5,t=-7.528), one month after treatment (1.8 ± 0.6 vs. 2.5 ± 0.7,t=-6.630), and 3 months after treatment (1.1 ± 0.4vs. 1.9 ± 0.7,t=-3.425) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The PRI score after treatment (19.5 ± 8.0vs. 22.3 ± 5.7,t=-3.574), one month after treatment (13.7 ± 4.7vs. 17.3 ± 5.3,t=-3.985), and three months after treatment (9.3 ± 6.6vs. 12.5 ± 4.8,t=-1.270) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions The Manipulation combined with traditional Chinese medicine bathing therapy can relief the symptoms of lateral epicondylitis, and improve the clinical curative effect.

Resultados de la electrólisis percutánea intratisular en el dolor en el hombro: infraespinoso, un ensayo controlado aleatorio / Résultats de l'Électrolyse Percutanée Intra-tissulaire contre la douleur de l'épaule: Muscle sous-épineux. Une étude contrôlée et randomisée / Results of the Electrolysis Percutaneous Intratissue in the shoulder pain: infraspinatus, A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: The Electrolysis Percutaneous Intratissue (EPI®) is a novel technique that provokes a local inflammatory process, allowing the phagocytises and affected tissue to repair. Objectives: The work is aimed to: a) verify the effectiveness of the EPI® when there is shoulder pain, b) locate where the EPI® should be applied, c) and find the possible interaction between the trigger points and the tendon pain. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Institute of Physiotherapy and Sports. Method: A double randomized experimental longitudinal study was conducted on four groups of 10 people aged 34-47 years with pain in the shoulder. In the first study there were three intervention groups and a control group. In the second study, the group with the best results in the first study served as a control group. Measurements: The variables measured were the perceived pain and the restriction for abduction, internal and external rotation. Results: Although the three intervention groups improved respect to the control group when the EPI® was applied, the results show that the EPI® is more effective when it is applied in all detected trigger points and to tendon pain. Conclusions: The EPI® is more effective if applied in the infraspinatus muscle and the tendon than applied only to one of the two structures, when both structures have pain. Limitations: The study could have tested the involvement of different structures and its related biomechanical implications. It could have also considered more variables(AU)

Introducción: la electrólisis percutánea intratisular (EPI®) es una novedosa técnica que provoca un proceso inflamatorio local, que permite la fagocitosis y la reparación del tejido afectado. Objetivos: verificar la efectividad de la EPI® cuando hay dolor del hombro, b) localizar dónde debería ser aplicada la EPI® y C) y determinar la interacción entre los posibles puntos de activación y el dolor del tendón. Diseño: estudio controlado aleatorio. Ubicación: Instituto de Fisioterapia y el Deporte. Método: se realizó un estudio longitudinal experimental aleatorizado doble en cuatro grupos de 10 personas con edades entre 34-47 años que sufrían dolor en el hombro. En el primer estudio hubo tres grupos de intervención y un grupo de control. En el segundo estudio, el grupo que tuvo mejores resultados en el primer estudio sirvió como grupo de control. Mediciones: las variables que se midieron fueron dolor percibido y la restricción de la abducción, rotación interna y rotación externa. Resultados: aunque los tres grupos de intervención mejoraron respecto al grupo de control cuando se aplicó la EPI®, los resultados muestran que la EPI® es más eficaz cuando se aplica en todos los puntos de activación detectados y donde hay dolor en los tendones. Conclusiones: la EPI® es más eficaz si se aplica en el músculo infraespinoso y el tendón que si se aplica solo a una de las dos estructuras, cuando ambas presentan dolor. Limitaciones: el estudio podría haber probado la participación de diferentes estructuras y sus implicaciones biomecánicas relacionadas. Podría también haber tenido en cuenta más variables(AU)

Introduction: L'Électrolyse Percutanée Intra-tissulaire (EPI®) est une nouvelle technique qui produit une réaction inflammatoire locale permettant la régénération tissulaire du tendon, ligament, muscle, etc. Objectifs: Le but de ce travail est de, a) confirmer l'effectivité de l'EPI® lorsqu'il y a une douleur au niveau de l'épaule, b) localiser la région sur laquelle l'EPI® doit être appliqué, et c) trouver la possible interaction entre les points de stimulation et la douleur tendineuse. Dessin: Une étude contrôlée et randomisée. Lieu: Institut de physiothérapie et de sports. Méthode: Une étude randomisée, expérimentale et longitudinale de quatre groupes de 10 personnes, âgées de 34 - 47 ans et atteintes d'une douleur au niveau de l'épaule, a été réalisée. Dans la première étude, il y a eu trois groupes expérimentaux et un groupe témoin. Dans la deuxième étude, le groupe ayant les meilleurs résultats dans la première étude a servi de groupe témoin. Évaluations: Parmi les variables analysées, on peut trouver la perception de la douleur et la limitation de l'adduction et de la rotation interne et externe. Résultats: Quoique les trois groupes expérimentaux ont éprouvé une amélioration vis-à-vis le groupe témoin après l'application de l'EPI®, les résultats ont montré que cette technique est plus effective si elle est appliquée sur tous les points de stimulation détectés et contre la douleur tendineuse. Conclusions: L'EPI® est plus effective si elle est appliquée sur le muscle sous-épineux et les tendons que sur une seule de ces deux structures, quand toutes les deux sont douloureuses. Limitations: L'étude pouvait avoir examiné les différentes structures compromises et leurs implications biomécaniques associées. Elle pouvait avoir aussi considéré beaucoup plus de variables(AU)

Clinical study of Longji-Huoluo pill with mild manipulation Tuina therapy for the ;teenagers with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of the integration of Longji-Huoluo pill and mild manipulations Tuina therapy for the teenagers with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion. Methods Eligible teenager patients with lumber intervertebral disc protrusion were randomly classified into two groups according to the single blind method and the treating sequence, 69 patients in the treatment group and 58 patients in the control group. The Longji-Huoluo pill and mild Tuina manipulations were adopted on the basis of the convertional treatment in the treatment group. While ibuprofen sustained release capsules and mecobalamin were given to the control group beside the convertional treatment. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. The CT examinations were applied before and after the treatments to observe the absorption of the prolapsed lumber intervertebral disc. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to test the pain degree and to estimate the clinical effect. Results The VAS scores in the treatment group (4.03 ± 1.67 vs. 5.41 ± 1.55, t=10.121) and the control group (3.61 ± 1.34 vs. 5.96 ± 1.71, t=11.086) after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05). The sagittal diameters of the prominence in the treatment group (2.12 ± 1.89 mm vs. 4.62 ± 0.34 mm, t=2.281) after treatmentwas significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the treatment group was 87.0%(60/69), and the control group was 72.4%(42/58). Statistical significance was detected on the difference of the two groups (U=1.913, P=0.043). Conclusions The integration of manipulations can effectively relieve the pain and can return the prominent disc. The therapeutic effect is considered equivalent to western medicine.

Factores determinantes del rendimiento cuando el Counter Movement Jump se realiza en fatiga aguda / Determinant factors of efficiency when the Counter Movement Jump is performed in acute fatigue

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los cambios que se dan en los parámetros cinético- temporales y la actividad electromiográfica de músculos de miembro inferior durante la ejecución de Counter Movement Jumps (CMJ) máximos con y sin fatiga a los efectos de explicar los cambios de rendimiento en ambas situaciones. Se registró la fuerza vertical de cincuenta saltos realizados por diez deportistas de sexo masculino antes y después de un protocolo de fatiga. Se obtuvieron registros de electromiografía de superficie para seis músculos de miembro inferior y se analizó el nivel de activación y coordinación intermuscular. Para los análisis se consideraron por separado los tiempos de trabajo mecánico negativo y positivo. En ambas condiciones el curso temporal de distribución de fuerza es más importante para la performance que cualquier parámetro instantáneo. El tiempo de trabajo externo negativo fue significativamente menor en condición de fatiga. Los análisis electromiográficos mostraron un aumento en el nivel de activación de todos los músculos estudiados e importantes cambios en la secuencia de activación. Las variables cinético-temporales puntuales no resultaron buenos predictores de la altura del salto. Cuando el CMJ es ejecutado sin fatiga, un alto valor de estado activo favorece el trabajo positivo. Durante la fatiga, una compensación parcial del rendimiento podría darse por el aumento de actividad de los elementos contráctiles. Sin embargo, la secuencia de activación sufre importantes cambios, de manera que los cambios en rendimiento estarían asociados principalmente con la disminución en la capacidad de trasmitir la potencia en sentido proximal distal.

This work analysed the changes that occur in kinetic-temporal parameters and the electromyographic activity of lower limb muscles during the performance of maximum Counter Movement Jumps (CMJ) done with and without muscular fatigue, to explain the changes in performance in both situations. The vertical strength of fifty jumps performed by ten male sportsmen before and after a fatigue protocol was registered. Records of surface electromyography were obtained for six lower limb muscles; in addition, activation level and intermuscular coordination were analysed. For analysis purposes, negative and positive mechanic working times were considered separately. In both conditions, the temporal course of strength distribution is more important for the performance than any other instantaneous parameter. The negative external working time was significantly lower in fatigue conditions. The electromyographic analysis showed an increase in the activation level of all muscles studied and significant changes in the activation sequence. The specific kinetic-temporal variables were not good predictors of jump height. When CMJ is performed without muscle fatigue, a high value of active state favours the positive work. During fatigue, there could be a partial compensation of the performance due to the increasing activity of the contractile elements, although the activation sequence undergoes significant changes. Thus, the changes in performance would be mainly associated with the decrease in the capacity to transmit power in the proximal-distal direction.

Alpha-lipoic acid inhibits mitochondrial oxidative stress in the rat skeletal muscle with chronic hypoxia exposure / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: α-lipoic acid is named as “nature antioxidant” and “mitochondrial nutrition”. But it is unclear whether α-lipoic acid can be used to protect skeletal muscle with chronic hypoxia exposure, as wel as the relative mechanism. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of α-lipoic acid on the antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress in rat skeletal muscle with chronic hypoxia exposure, and to investigate the relative signaling pathway of α-lipoic acid. METHODS: Thirty-six Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: normoxia control group, hypoxia control group, and hypoxia+α-lipoic acid group. Rats in the hypoxia control group were subjected to hypoxia exposure in normobaric hypoxic tent with 11.3% oxygen concentration. Rats in the hypoxia+α-lipoic acid group were induced by adding α-lipoic acid (0.25%) in the normal diet. Al the interventions were lasted for 4 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: α-lipoic acid in hypoxia could markedly enhance the mitochondrial Sirtuin-3 expression, improve the mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthesis activity and membrane potential, up-regulate the mitochondrial state 3 respiratory rate, respiratory control ratio and ratio of phosphorus to oxygen, down-regulate the mitochondrial state 4 respiratory rate and promote and up-regulate the activity of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes such as manganese superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, thus inhibiting mitochondrial H2O2 generation rate and reducing mitochondrial malondialdehyde level. The results indicated that α-lipoic acid could improve the efficiency of energy metabolism of chronic hypoxia skeletal muscle mitochondria and inhibit reactive oxygen generation, and it could inhibit the oxidative stress through improving antioxidant enzyme activity of mitochondria. The protection mechanism of α-lipoic acid on hypoxia skeletal muscle mitochondria may be related to the increasing of mitochondrial state 3 respiratory rate.

Weightlessness causes lower limb muscle atrophy / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Weightlessness is one of the important reasons to cause lower limb muscle atrophy of the astronauts, which is serious harm to the health of astronauts. OBJECTIVE: To explore the progress of weightlessness that cause lower limb muscle atrophy. METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed database and CNKI database was performed to search related articles between May 1981 and March 2013 with the key words of “weightless, weightlessness, muscle, atrophy, space” in English and Chinese, respectively. Literatures related to progress of weightlessness that cause lower limb muscle atrophy were selected; in the same field, the literatures published lately in authoritative journals were preferred. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 409 literatures were primarily selected, and 47 documents were involved for summary according to the inclusion criteria. The progress of weightlessness that cause muscle atrophy is the hot topic among the space medical research. The main reasons that cause weightlessness muscular atrophy include the reduced muscle spindle neurotrophic factor synthesis caused by reduced information transmission of peripheral sensory nerve, damage of muscle cel ultrastructure, substantial decline in mitochondrial myofibrils, troponin decreasing, decreased intracel ular calcium content, and decreased antigravity muscle blood flow in lower limbs.

Clinical Study of Treatment for Frozen Shoulder with Manipulation Release and Hydraulic Pressure Distension / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the effect of treatment for frozen shoulder by manipulation release combined with hydraulic pressure distension.Methods In this randomized trial,78 patients with frozen shoulder syndrome randomly divided into three groups were enrolled in the study.28 patients were treated by manipulation release under interscalene brachial plexus anesthesia.23 patients were treated by sodium hyaluronate injection into glenohumeral joint combined with manipulation release.27 patients were treated by hydraulic pressure distension combined with manipulation release.All patients were followed for six months.Effective rate evaluation combined with pain evaluation and functional evaluation were adopted for final evaluation.Results There were significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment in each group.Effective rate of hydraulic pressure distension combined with manipulation release was 92.6%,which was superior to manipulation release (78.6% ) and sodium hyahronate injection combined with manipulation release ( 82.6% ).There were no significant difference in functional evaluation of the three groups.Conclusion Hydraulic pressure distension combined with manipulation release under interscalene brachial plexus anesthesia is a successful treatment for idiopathic frozen shoulder.

The clinical effect of manipulation on lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion / 中国基层医药

Objective To assess the clinical effect of manipulation on lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion.Methods Seventy cases with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion were randomly divided into two groups,namely the medicine group and the manipulation group. To assess the clinical effect according to curative effect and symptom score. Results The total effective rate of the manipulation group was 88.6 %, while the medicine control group was 77.1%. It was significant different between the two groups(P＜0.05). And the score of the two groups has very significant different(P＜0.01). The clinical effect of the manipulation group was better. Conclusion Manipulation in the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion is effective and safety.

MUSCULOSKELETAL FACTORS INFLUENCING ANKLE JOINT RANGE OF MOTION IN THE MIDDLE-AGED AND ELDERLY INDIVIKUALS / 体力科学

The factors influencing ankle range of motion were investigated for 185 middle-aged and elderly subjects (116 women and 69 men, aged 48-86 years) . Each subject was seated with the right knee extended, and the ankle joint was passively dorsiflexed by a dynamometer with torque just tolerable for each subject, to measure the maximal dorsiflexion angle. During passive loading, elongation of muscle fibers in the gastrocnemius and Achilles tendon was determined in vivo by ultrasonography. There was a difference between women and men for the passive dorsiflexion angle (men smaller than women), which negatively correlated with muscle thickness of the posterior portion of the leg determined by ultrasonography. Both in women and men, the passive dorsiflexion angle negatively correlated with age, even after normalizing for maximal voluntary plantar flexion torque. Both elongation of muscle fibers and tendon was related to the passive dorsiflexion angle, and the ratio of tendon elongation to muscle fiber elongation positively correlated with the passive dorsiflexion angle. The active dorsiflexion angle, measured separately with the subject maximally dorsiflexing the ankle with no load, correlated with the passive dorsiflexion angle but not with age, and there was no gender difference. From the results it was suggested 1) that the mobility of the ankle joint is affected by elongation of both muscle fibers and tendon, but with the effect of the tendon being greater than that of muscle fibers, and 2) that muscle mass negatively affects passively-induced joint range of motion. Actively performed joint range of motion would be affected by elongation of the muscle-tendon corn plex and force-generating capability of the ankle. Gender difference in joint range of motion and the aging effect are related to these factors.