Resting-state electroencephalogram relevance state recognition of Parkinson's disease based on dynamic weighted symbolic mutual information and k-means clustering / 生物医学工程学杂志

At present, the incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) is gradually increasing. This seriously affects the quality of life of patients, and the burden of diagnosis and treatment is increasing. However, the disease is difficult to intervene in early stage as early monitoring means are limited. Aiming to find an effective biomarker of PD, this work extracted correlation between each pair of electroencephalogram (EEG) channels for each frequency band using weighted symbolic mutual information and k-means clustering. The results showed that State1 of Beta frequency band ( P = 0.034) and State5 of Gamma frequency band ( P = 0.010) could be used to differentiate health controls and off-medication Parkinson's disease patients. These findings indicated that there were significant differences in the resting channel-wise correlation states between PD patients and healthy subjects. However, no significant differences were found between PD-on and PD-off patients, and between PD-on patients and healthy controls. This may provide a clinical diagnosis reference for Parkinson's disease.

Mutual Information Entropy Analysis of Compatibility of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicines Against Liver Diseases in Chinese Pharmacopoeia（2020 Edition） / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the compatibility rule of traditional Chinese patent medicines （TCPMs） against liver diseases through network analysis. MethodWith “liver” as the search term， TCPMs against liver diseases were retrieved from volume Ⅰ of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （2020 edition）， and the basic information of them was collected. TCPMs with same Chinese medicinal materials （CMMs）， usage， and indications， but different dosage forms， were unified as one formula. Mutual information entropy （MIE） of CMM couples was calculated to quantify the relationship between them， and the top 25% CMM pairs in MIE were used to construct the compatibility network， with CMM as node and the relationship between CMM pairs as the edge. Key CMM and frequently used CMM combinations were identified based on node centrality and cluster analysis， respectively. The indications of TCPMs related to the CMMs in clusters were recorded. Cytoscape 3.6.1 was employed for visualization and topology analysis of the compatibility network. ResultA total of 179 TCPMs， involving 428 CMMs， were retrieved. Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Paeoniae Radix Alba， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were identified as key CMMs with high frequency， and Cuscutae Semen-Lycii Fructus， Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium-Cyperi Rhizoma， and Ecliptae Herba-Ligustri Lucidi Fructus combinations had high MIE. Furthermore， the CMMs were clustered into ten groups corresponding to different diseases which， however， all belonged to digestive diseases. ConclusionThis study unveils potential CMM pairs and common CMM combinations against liver diseases， which can serve as a reference for revealing compatibility rules of CMMs and research and development of Chinese medicine.

Multiple-scale intermuscular coupling network analysis / 生物医学工程学杂志

In order to more accurately and effectively understand the intermuscular coupling of different temporal and spatial levels from the perspective of complex networks, a new multi-scale intermuscular coupling network analysis method was proposed in this paper. The multivariate variational modal decomposition (MVMD) and Copula mutual information (Copula MI) were combined to construct an intermuscular coupling network model based on MVMD-Copula MI, and the characteristics of intermuscular coupling of multiple muscles of upper limbs in different time-frequency scales during reaching exercise in healthy subjects were analyzed by using the network parameters such as node strength and clustering coefficient. The experimental results showed that there are obvious differences in the characteristics of intermuscular coupling in the six time-frequency scales. Specifically, the triceps brachii (TB) had relatively high coupling strength with the middle deltoid (MD) and posterior deltoid (PD), and the intermuscular function was closely connected. However, the biceps brachii (BB) was independent of other muscles. The intermuscular coupling network had scale differences. MVMD-Copula MI can quantitatively describe the relationship of multi-scale intermuscular coupling strength, which has good application prospects.

Research progress on analysis methods in electroencephalography-electromyography synchronous coupling / 生物医学工程学杂志

The motor nervous system transmits motion control information through nervous oscillations, which causes the synchronous oscillatory activity of the corresponding muscle to reflect the motion response information and give the cerebral cortex feedback, so that it can sense the state of the limbs. This synchronous oscillatory activity can reflect connectivity information of electroencephalography-electromyography (EEG-EMG) functional coupling. The strength of the coupling is determined by various factors including the strength of muscle contraction, attention, motion intention etc. It is very significant to study motor functional evaluation and control methods to analyze the changes of EEG-EMG synchronous coupling caused by different factors. This article mainly introduces and compares coherence and Granger causality of linear methods, the mutual information and transfer entropy of nonlinear methods in EEG-EMG synchronous coupling, and summarizes the application of each method, so that researchers in related fields can understand the current research progress on analysis methods of EEG-EMG synchronous systematically.

Collaborative Innovation Measurement Method and Empirical Analysis of Clinical Medicine Frontier in the Government-in-dustry-academy Fields / 医学信息学杂志

Taking hepatitis C research field as an example,the paper introduces the existing study status on triple helix collaborative innovative model and expatiates on the collaborative innovation measurement method of clinical medicine frontier in the government-in-dustry-academy fields based on Web of Science and carries out empirical analysis to provide reference for scientific innovative management in the area.

MIPCE: An MI-based protein complex extraction technique.

Protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks are believed to be important sources of information related to biological processes and complex metabolic functions of the cell. Identifying protein complexes is of great importance for understanding cellular organization and functions of organisms. In this work, a method is proposed, referred to as MIPCE, to find protein complexes in a PPI network based on mutual information.MIPCE has been biologically validated by GO-based score and satisfactory results have been obtained. We have also compared our method with some wellknown methods and obtained better results in terms of various parameters such as precession, recall and F-measure.

Collaborative coding rats working memory via mutual information on multi-channel θ band LFPs-Spikes / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective This paper aimed to investigate the collaborative coding of two different modes of neural signals including local field potentials and spiking activity (multi-unit activity) which recorded in medial prefrontal cortex of sprague-dawley (SD) rats in Y maze working memory (WM) task,to provide computing support for neural coding mechanism of WM.Methods 1.Experiment data was multi-channel neural signals (local field potentials (LFPs)-Spikes) recorded from prefrontal cortex of 4 SD rats during WM process and resting state,provided by the lab of Neuro-engineering,Tianjin Medical University.2.LFPs preprocessing included baseline drift removing and power-line noise eliminating.3.Physiology window width 500 ms,step 125 ms were selected and average rate per channel was calculated to turn the discrete point signal spikes to continuous signal.4.LFPs characteristic frequency band was obtained by using short time Fourier transform and signals of the characteristic frequency band were extracted by band pass filter.5.Mutual information (MI) of LFPs-spikes was computed to get the distribution of multi-channel MI values.Results 1.LFPs distribution demonstrated that the power focused at θ band (4-12 Hz)during the WM tasks.2.The average MI value of θ band LFPs and spikes (4 rats,over 10 trials) were 0.49±0.04,0.39±0.03,0.41±0.03,0.48±0.02,respectively,which were significantly larger than those in the resting state (t test,P＜0.05).Conclusions These findings indicate that θ band LFPs represents behavior correlated to WM and its synergy with spiking activity plays an important role in encoding WM task.

Relevance Epistasis Network of Gastritis for Intra-chromosomes in the Korea Associated Resource (KARE) Cohort Study

Gastritis is a common but a serious disease with a potential risk of developing carcinoma. Helicobacter pylori infection is reported as the most common cause of gastritis, but other genetic and genomic factors exist, especially single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Association studies between SNPs and gastritis disease are important, but results on epistatic interactions from multiple SNPs are rarely found in previous genome-wide association (GWA) studies. In this study, we performed computational GWA case-control studies for gastritis in Korea Associated Resource (KARE) data. By transforming the resulting SNP epistasis network into a gene-gene epistasis network, we also identified potential gene-gene interaction factors that affect the susceptibility to gastritis.

IMPORTANCIA DE LAS FRECUENCIAS DE RESONANCIA DEL TRACTO VOCAL EN LA ESTIMACIÓN DE POSICIONES ARTICULATORIAS / IMPORTANCE OF THE RESONANCE FREQUENCIES OF THE VOCAL TRACT IN ESTIMATING ARTICULATORY POSITIONS

La inversión articulatoria, cuyo objetivo es estimar la posición de los órganos articuladores a partir de la información contenida en la señal de voz, ofrece una variedad de potenciales aplicaciones en el campo de la voz; sin embargo, este es un problema aún por resolver. En este sentido, buscar representaciones con la capacidad de incrementar el desempeño de los sistemas de inversión articulatoria es una tarea importante. El presente trabajo analiza la relevancia de los formantes como entrada para los sistemas de inversión articulatoria. Para ello se implementa un análisis analítico y estadístico. En el caso analítico se utiliza un sintetizador articulario, el cual simula la ecuación de tubos concatenados que modelan el tracto vocal. Para el análisis estadístico se estudian datos reales provenientes de un articulógrafo electromagnético para los cuales se estima la asociación entre las características acústicas y los movimientos de los órganos articuladores. A modo de medida de asociación estadística se utiliza la medida de información . Los resultados entregados por el análisis son corroborados en un sistema de inversión articulatoria basado en redes neuronales. Se observa una mejora en el valor de error cuadrático medio del 2,2% y para el caso de la medida de desempeño de la correlación, una mejora del 2,8%.

Acoustic-to-Articulatory inversion, which seeks to estimate an articulator position using the acoustic information in the speech signal, offers several potential applications in the field of speech processing. In this context, it is important to use acoustic parameters with the ability to increase the performance of acoustic-to-articulatory inversion systems. This paper analyzes the importance of formants as inputs to such inversion systems from an analytical and a statistical perspective. The former is based on an articulatory synthesizer that simulates the voice signal from the vocal tract. The statistical analysis is based on real data provided by an electromagnetic articulograph, for which we estimate the statistical association between acoustic features and articulator movement. As a measure of statistical association, the information measure is utilized. The results are tested on a neuralnetwork- based Acoustic-to-Articulatory inversion system. The use of formants as inputs led to an improvement of 2.2% and 2.8% in the root-mean-square error and correlation values, respectively.

Long-range correlations in prokaryotic chromosomes.

One of the fascinating properties of the DNA sequences of prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes is that they possess long-range order. Computational methods like spectral analysis, mutual information and DNA random walks have been used to probe long-range order via-long range correlations. This work attempts to show the advantage of using the Information Theoretic measure of mutual information for this purpose. A number Mu is found which indicates the existence of long-range order. Mu is the ratio between the value of mutual information function between two nucleotides of a DNA sequence separated by a large distance of 100 kilobases to the value expected from a randomized sequence of the same DNA. It is found that in spite of the constant shuffling of nucleotides due to insertion, deletion, inversion and recombination that occur during evolution, the chromosomal structure of prokaryotes is not always mosaic. While all archaeal chromosomes show mosaic structure and lack long-range order, a sizable fraction of the bacterial chromosomes do possess long-range order. A statistical multivariate analysis has been done to find which of the physical variables like genome size or GC% affects the organization of the chromosome or correlates with the long-range order. The existence of long-range order in bacterial chromosomes could be directly correlated to the degree of gene strand bias shown by it. Firmicutes which have low GC content also have pronounced strand bias and show long-range correlations. It is observed that the occurrence of long-range order in bacteria is independent of genome size, but depends on its GC content and gene strand bias.

Use of Mutual Information Arrays to Predict Coevolving Sites in the Full Length HIV gp120 Protein for Subtypes B and C / 中国病毒学·英文版

It is well established that different sites within a protein evolve at different rates according to their role within the protein; identification of these correlated mutations can aid in tasks such as ab initio protein structure,structure function analysis or sequence alignment.Mutual Information is a standard measure for coevolution between two sites but its application is limited by signal to noise ratio.In this work we report a preliminary study to investigate whether larger sequence sets could circumvent this problem by calculating mutual information arrays for two sets of drug naive sequences from the HIV gp120 protein for the B and C subtypes.Our results suggest that while the larger sequences sets can improve the signal to noise ratio,the gain is offset by the high mutation rate of the HIV virus which makes it more difficult to achieve consistent alignments.Nevertheless,we were able to predict a number of coevolving sites that were supported by previous experimental studies as well as a region close to the C terminal of the protein that was highly variable in the C subtype but highly conserved in the B subtype.

Ensemble Partial Least Squares Algorithm in Mutual Information-Induced Subspace for Near-infrared Quantitative Calibration / 分析化学

In the framework of ensemble, a partial least squares(PLS) regression ensemble algorithm in subspace(MIESPLS), which is the combination of bootstrap and variable selection based on mutual information(MI), was proposed. The key of the proposed algorithm is to introduce the diversity of member models by bootstrap re-sampling on the training set and the subsequent MI calculation. Each time, those variables whose MI are lower than a defined threshold are first eliminated;then, a member model can be trained on a smaller subspace of original spectral variables. Two kinds of model fusion strategies, i.e., simple average fusion(SAF) and weighted average fusion(WAF), were adopted and compared. By two experiments concerning quantitative application of near-infrared(NIR) spectroscopy, MISEPLS is confirmed to be superior to the full-spectrum PLS and MIPLS method, i.e., PLS combined with MI-induced variable selection. The proposed MISEPLS can produce a more accurate and robust calibration model, but without increasing the complexity.

A Triple Level Registration Strategy of Medical Image Based on Mutual Information / 航天医学与医学工程

Objective To further solve the mutual restricted problems among precision, speed and disregistrated rate of registration algorithm based on mutual information (MI). Methods A new strategy on the search of registration parameters, a triple level registration strategy, was proposed. It searched the translation parameters and the rotation parameters respectively. Based on analyzing the advantage and limitation of MI-based registration, Euclid closeness of Fuzzy theory was introduced into the process of the triple level registration. Results The computer simulation results demonstrated that the proposed registration method, on the condition of retaining the same precision, improved both the speed (step numbers and registration time) and the disregistrated rate. Conclusion The proposed triple level registration strategy is a registration strategy to be able to harmonize precision, speed and disregistrated rate effectively.

Development of medical image registration / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Medical image registration plays an important role in the research of medical image processing field. It is widely used in the areas of clinical diagnoses, treatment, quality assurance and evaluation of curative effect. This paper gives an overview on three medical image registration methods Correlation method, mutual information method, and wavelet transform method. Features of these method and their applications are reviewed.

Research development in informatics entropy of neural coding / 国际生物医学工程杂志

With the development of brain research, study of neural coding has attracted more attention. Neural coding by informatics entropy is a very important aspect in the research field. This paper presents an overview of typical entropy coding methods of neuronal spike train including binary string method, direct method, asymptotically unbiased estimator method, inter-spike interval and mutual information method. Related principles and application are reviwed.

A Novel Automatic Registration Method for Serial Brain Images / 中国医学物理学杂志

Registration of serial images plays an increasingly important role in medicine. A novel registration method used for serial images matching is proposed, which is based on the joint histogram. After thresholding the two images to be registered, the joint histogram is divided into four separate regions. Then the criterion function is defined as bin counting in a specific region of the joint histogram, which simplifies the computation of the criteria function greatly and speeds up the alignment process significantly. We choose the Powell optimization algorithm to calculate the registration parameters. The comparison of the results from both mutual information and our method shows that the new method based on segmentation and counting is a fast, simple, efficient and accurate registration method.

HPLC-Fingerprint of Qinghai genuine medicinal herb——Gentiana straminea / 中草药

Objective To establish the fingerprint of Gentiana straminea from Qinghai Province by HPLC. Methods By orthogonal design and related methods based on information theories and chemometrics to optimize the proper HPLC conditions so that the fingerprint spectra of ten groups of different samples have been formed. Results The experimental results are the fact that the common fingerprint peaks, precision, and repeatability in the fingerprint totally meet the relative regulations required in Technical Requirements of the Fingerprint Research in Injection of Chinese Materia Medica (Tentatine Standard). Conclusion The chromatographic fingerprint can be used to identify and evaluate the quality of G. straminea.

Mono-modality image registration based on modified mutual information / 医疗卫生装备

With modified mutual information(MI) measure,Powell search algorithm is utilized to realize mono-modality image registration.The MI's formulae are improved to reduce computation cost,and the replace of Powell's search direction is also rectified to keep the original search direction and eliminate local maxima.With rotation set in advance,local maxima can be avoided.The influence on registration velocity by Powell convergence threshold is also discussed.The results show that the modified MI measure can reach sub-pixel precision with obviously accelerated speed.It has good robustness,high speed and high precision.