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ABSTRACT Antiphospholipid syndrome is an acquired autoimmune disease characterized by hypercoagulability associated with recurrent venous and arterial thromboembolism in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. Herein, we report a case of rapid sequential retinal vein and artery occlusion as the first manifestation of a primary antiphospholipid syndrome triggered by an acute Mycoplasma infection in a previously healthy 11-year-old patient. On day 1, ophthalmoscopy revealed a central retinal vein occlusion. The patient developed temporal branch retinal artery occlusion the next day. On day 3, a central retinal artery occlusion was observed. Serum lupus anticoagulant, immunoglobulin (Ig) G anticardiolipin, IgG anti-β2-glycoprotein 1 antibody, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody levels were increased. Thus, retinal vascular occlusions can be the first manifestation of primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Although it may not improve visual prognosis, prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to avoid further significant morbidity.
RESUMO A síndrome antifosfolipide é uma doença autoimune adquirida caracterizada por hipercoagulabilidade associada a tromboembolismo venoso e arterial recorrente na presença de anticorpos antifosfolipídicos. Aqui, relatamos um caso clínico de oclusão sequencial de veia e artéria da retina como primeira manifestação de uma síndrome antifosfolipíde primária desencadeada por uma infeção aguda por Mycoplasma num paciente de 11 anos previamente saudável. No primeiro dia, a oftalmoscopia revelou uma oclusão da veia central da retina. No dia seguinte, o paciente desenvolveu uma oclusão do ramo temporal da artéria central da retina. No terceiro dia, uma oclusão da artéria central da retina foi diagnosticada. Os níveis de anticoagulante lúpico sérico, anticorpos IgG anticardiolipina e IgG anti-β2-glicoproteína 1 e anticorpos IgM para Mycoplasma pneumoniae estavam aumentados. As oclusões vasculares retinianas podem ser a primeira manifestação da síndrome antifosfolipíde primária. Apesar do prognóstico visual ser reservado, o seu diagnóstico e o tratamento imediatos são essenciais para evitar outras morbilidades associadas.
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Objective To analyze the risk factors of mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection and recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) in children, and to provide reference for early clinical intervention. Methods A total of 648 RRTI children admitted to our hospital from October 2018 to December 2020 were selected. Serum MP antibody levels were detected by semi-quantitative method. According to whether the children were combined with mycoplasma infection, they were divided into experimental group (MP positive, n=283) and control group (MP negative, n=365). Age, gender, body mass index, nutrient deficiency, preterm birth, anemia, onset season, collective living, antibiotics application were collected from the two groups. Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of MP infection in RRTI children. Results Among of 648 RRTI children, 283 (43.67%) had MP infection. There was no statistical significance in MP infection of pneumonia in children of different ages and genders between the two groups (P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in nutrient deficiency, onset season, length of hospital stay, days of fever, group living, application of antibiotics and invasive operation (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the onset season, length of hospital stay, group living were independent risk factors for MP infection in RRTI children (P<0.05). Conclusion The risk of MP infection in RRTI children is higher, and the main risk factors are onset season, length of hospital stay, group living and application of antibiotics.
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RESUMEN Las infecciones causadas por Mycoplasma pneumonae han sido reconocidas a nivel mundial y es un patógeno común de las infecciones de las vías respiratorias altas y bajas. La pericarditis aguda está a menudo acompañada por un grado de miocarditis y en la práctica clínica la pericarditis y miocarditis coexisten por su etiología en común y en su mayoría por virus cardiotrópos. A continuación, presentamos el caso muy poco común reportado de miopericarditis causada por Mycoplasma pneumonae en un niño de 5 años, con una evolución clínica interesante.
ABSTRACT Infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae are well recognized all over the world, and this microorganism is a common pathogen affecting the lower respiratory tract. Acute pericarditis is often accompanied by myocarditis, and both conditions coexist in clinical practice because they have common etiologic agents, mainly cardiotropic viruses. We present a very unusual case of myopericarditis caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae affecting a 5 year-old child, who developed an interesting clinical outcome.
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Objective To analyze the molecular epidemiological characteristics of mycoplasma infection in female reproductive tract in Xi'an. Methods Women suspected to be infected with mycoplasma who were admitted to the gynecological outpatient department of Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital and underwent genital mycoplasma detection in the testing center from January 2018 to January 2019 were enrolled. General demographic characteristics and 16S rDNA results were collected. Results Among 174 women, 58 cases were positive for mycoplasma, with a detection rate of 33.33% (58/174). A total of 36 cases were positive for Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu), with a detection rate of 20.69%. A total of 39 cases were positive for Mycoplasma hominis (Mh), with a detection rate of 20.09%. A total of 12 cases were positive for Mycoplasma gentiformis (Mg), with a detection rate of 6.90%. The positive rates in all groups included single or mixed infection cases. The positive rates of mycoplasma and Uu in patients with genital tract inflammation, pregnancy and menopause were higher than those in patients without reproductive tract inflammation, pregnancy or menopause (P0.05). None of these factors affected the positive rates of mycoplasma, Uu, Mn or Mg. Conclusion Women with reproductive tract mycoplasma infection were mainly caused by mycoplasma, Uu and Mh, which are symbiotic bacteria of female genital tract, and do not show the specificity of age, fertility, menopause and various inflammation of genital tract.
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Objective To summarize analysis of respiratory tract mycoplasma infection in patients with oral azithromycin,oral and intravenous erythromycin treatment the clinical effect and safety.Methods From April 2014 to September 2016 received during the period of 120 patients with respiratory tract mycoplasma infection as the research object,were randomly divided into oral azithromycin, oral erythromycin group and intravenous erythromycin group,all patients were retrospectively analyzed the clinical therapeutic effects and adverse reactions occur.Results The total effective rate in treatment,oral azithromycin is higher than oral and intravenous treatment of erythromycin,Signs and symptoms in the incidence of adverse reactions and improve the time aspect,oral azithromycin is lower than the oral and intravenous treatment of erythromycin,diff there is statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion For respiratory tract mycoplasma infection adopt oral azithromycin compared with oral and intravenous erythromycin treatment,the effect is better,shorter symptom improvement,higher security,worthy of clinical popularization and application.
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Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of child pneumonia mycoplasma infection to provide a forceful basis for its clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A total of 6 823 children outpatients and inpatients with pneumonia in this hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were performed the serum Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody detection by using the passive agglutination method.Results (1) Among 6 823 children cases,Mycoplasma pneumonia antibody positive detection was in 1 843 cases,the positive rate was 27,01 ％,among them,the infection rate of female was higher than that of male (32.68％ vs.23.21％,P＜0.01).(2) Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody detection rates in ＜1 year old,1-＜3 years old,3-＜6 years old,6-14 years old were 5.41％,28.01％,40.34％ and 43.81％ respectively (P＜0.01),the total detection rate in ≥ 3 years old group was higher than that in ＜3 years old group (P＜0.01).Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection rate is higher among children with respiratory tract infection,the incidence rate in school-age children is lower.The autumnand winter seasons are prevalent.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between women's reproductive tract mycoplasma infec-tion and tubal obstruction effusion .Methods A retrospective analysis of 60 cases infertility infertility clinic patients and healthy control were detected in our hospital from Junuary 2013 to December 2014.The cervical secretion sam-ples were used for detection of Mycoplasma ( leucorrhea , Ureaplasma urealyticum ( Uu ) and Mycoplasma hominis ( Mh) lipiodol angiography and fallopian tube , and two groups of patients with mycoplasma infection and tubal cir-cumstance tube obstruction were compared .Results The two groups infertile patients with Cervical Mycoplasma ex-amination with Uu positive were 41 cases, accounting for 68.3%of the patients in the control group .Uu was positive in 16 cases, accounting for 26.6%; Infertile patients with Uu +Mh positive were 15 cases, accounting for 25%, while the control group were no cases were positive for Uu +Mh;Infertility group patients detected negative for Myco-plasma in 4 cases, accounting for 6.7%, while the control group were negative for the detection of Mycoplasma in 44 cases, accounting for 73.3%.The results showed that infertility group and Uu in patients with Mh infection was high-er than that of the control group, and the difference is statistically significant (p<0.05).The infertile patients with fallopian tube patency were 12 cases, accounting for 20%; The control group of tubal patency were 33 cases, ac-counting for 55%, and it was accounted for 19.3% of 21 cases of tubal infertility group , obstruction.The control group of 13 cases of tubal obstruction patients , accounting for 21.7%;27 cases had complete obstruction of fallopian tube infertility patients group , accounting for 45.0%, and the control group had complete tubal obstruction in 14 ca-ses, accounting for 23.3%.The results showed that infertile patients with fallopian tube obstruction was significantly higher than that in the control group , and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusion Infer-tility women with genital tract mycoplasma infection occurrence are closely related .We should make a comprehensive inspection to discover occult infection of Mycoplasma timely and treat actively in women with infertility treatment .
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Acquired pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) can be induced by various factors such as viral infection, thymoma, connective tissue disease, lymphoma, and adverse drug reactions. PRCA has not been reported in an adolescent in Korea for the past several decades. We recently experienced a case of acquired PRCA in an adolescent. A 14-year-old girl presented with pallor, dizziness, and mild fever. She had isolated normocytic normochromic anemia with reticulocytopenia in the peripheral blood and erythroblastopenia in the bone marrow. She was diagnosed with secondary acquired PRCA presumably induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection during her clinical course, and she experienced spontaneous remission 11 weeks after initial diagnosis. Her clinical and hematologic statuses were normal as far as 20 months after her diagnosis.
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Adolescent , Female , Humans , Anemia , Bone Marrow , Connective Tissue Diseases , Diagnosis , Dizziness , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Fever , Korea , Lymphoma , Mycoplasma Infections , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Pallor , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma , Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure , Remission, Spontaneous , ThymomaABSTRACT
Acquired pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) can be induced by various factors such as viral infection, thymoma, connective tissue disease, lymphoma, and adverse drug reactions. PRCA has not been reported in an adolescent in Korea for the past several decades. We recently experienced a case of acquired PRCA in an adolescent. A 14-year-old girl presented with pallor, dizziness, and mild fever. She had isolated normocytic normochromic anemia with reticulocytopenia in the peripheral blood and erythroblastopenia in the bone marrow. She was diagnosed with secondary acquired PRCA presumably induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection during her clinical course, and she experienced spontaneous remission 11 weeks after initial diagnosis. Her clinical and hematologic statuses were normal as far as 20 months after her diagnosis.
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Adolescent , Female , Humans , Anemia , Bone Marrow , Connective Tissue Diseases , Diagnosis , Dizziness , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Fever , Korea , Lymphoma , Mycoplasma Infections , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Pallor , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma , Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure , Remission, Spontaneous , ThymomaABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To investigate the infection status and antibiotic susceptibility of Mycoplasma in our area,so as to instruct the rational use of antibiotics.METHODS Genitourinary secretions were collected with swabs.They were cultured with the diagnostic kit of Mycoplasma(Biomerieux Company).Meanwhile the susceptibility of Mycoplasma against 9 antimicrobial agents was tested with the same kit.According to the instrnction of the kit,the results were read.The data were statistically analyzed.RESULTS A total of 382 samples were collected,and the positive rate was 44.8%.which were composed by Uu 69.6%,Mh2.9%,and Uu+Mh infection 8.8% and low titer Uu+Mh infection 18.7%.The result of drug sensitivity showed that sensitivity of Mycoplasma to pristinamycin PRI,86.5% was the highest,then was to JOS(84.8%)and CIP(26.3%).CONCLUSIONS Ureaplasma urealyticum is the major cause of infection in genitourinary system.It shows serious resistance to commonly used antibiotics.Sensitive antibiotics should be selected based on the results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests so as to raise the clinical curative effects.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the infection status and drug resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) and Mycoplasma hominis(Mh) in local region.METHODS A total of 2042 genitourinary samples of NGU patients were detected for the presense of mycoplasma with culture and drug sensibility.RESULTS From them 881(43.1%) were infected with mycoplasma,including Uu infection(650cases,31.8%),Mh infection(74 cases,3.6%) and mixed infection of Uu plus Mh(157 cases,7.6%);significant differences of positive cultivation rate were found between the male and female and in different age groups.Among 18 antibiotics,the lowest resistance drugs were josamycin,doxycycline and clarithromycin(3.6%,4.1%,and 4.2%).The highest resistance drugs were ofloxacin,fleroxacin and thiamphenicol(38.2%,18.3% and 14.6%).CONCLUSIONS The infection of mycoplasma in local region is increasing.Mycoplasma has increasing resistance to the common antibiotic.The detection of drugs resistance of mycoplasma has an improtant significance in guiding clinical use of the drugs.
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OBJECTIVE To understand the situation of Mycoplasma infection and drug sensitivity in the patients of nongonococcal urethritis(NGU) in area of Yuebei. METHODS Totally 3 280 specimens in the patients of NGU were collected,cultured and tested for drug sensitivity. RESULTS From them there were 1 221 patients who had Mycoplasma(37.22%).The simple infection of Ureaplasma urealyticun(Uu) was 922 cases(28.11%) and Mycoplasma(Mh) 91 cases(2.77%),respectively.The mixed was 208 cases(6.34%).The result of drug sensitivity showed that sensitivity of Mycoplasma to josamycin was the highest,then was to levofloxacin(Cravit) and sparfloxacin.Ciprofloxacin was with the highest drug resistance,then were erythromycin and doxycycline. CONCLUSIONS Mycoplasma have high drug resistance to ciprofloxacin,erythromycin and doxycycline.The resistance rate to minocycline and clarithromycin is in a rising tendency.The antibiotics should be used reasonably to reduce the development of drug-resistant strains.
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OBJECTIVE To know about the urogenital tract caused by Mycoplasma and their variation by sex as well as the sensitivities to the 11 antimicrobials.METHODS The Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) and Mycoplasma hominis(Mh) CICS reagent kit was adopted,and the mycoplasma isolates were cultivated and identified,and the drug sensitivity test was conducted.RESULTS Among the 1503 samples,757 were positive(50.4%),which were composed by Uu 29.1%,Mh 1.6%,and Uu-Mh infection 19.7%.Among 1323 females,684 were positive(51.7%);among 180 males,73 were positive(40.6%);females were more apt to be infected according to the statistics(P
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OBJECTIVE:To study female mycoplasma infection and the drug sensitivity test of mycoplasma. METHODS:Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu)and mycoplasma hominis(Mh)of cervical secretions sampled from 5 177 female genital infection cases in our hospital were identified by cultivation,and resistance to antibiotics for them was also detected. RESULTS:Of 5 177 infection cases,mycoplasms were cultured from 2 816 specimens with total positive rate of 54.39%. Among them,there were 2 457 cases of Uu infection(47.46%),51 cases of Mh infection(0.99%)and 308 cases of mixed infection(5.95%). The highest susceptibilities of 2 816 strains of mycoplasma to antibiotic were azithromycin,josamycine and klinomycin. The highest drug resistance rates of mycoplasma were cillimycin. CONCLUSION:Rational use of drugs based on drug sensitivity test is of importance to prevent the production of drug-resistence mycoplasma.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate mycoplasma infection in ICU patients.METHODS Sixty-five samples from blood,respiratory tract and genitourinary tract of patients were collected respectively from Oct 2007 to July 2008 in ICU.Mycoplasma pneumoniae(Mp),Urealasma urealytium(Uu) M.fermentans(Mf) and M.penetrans(Mpe) were cultivated by modified mycoplasma fluid and solid medium.Mf and Mpe positive isolates were verified by nested polymerase chain reaction(rPCR),Mp and Uu were confirmed by fluorescent quantitative PCR.RESULTS It was found that the positive detection rate for Mp was 12.3%(8/65)in blood and 35.4%(23/65) in respiratory tract excreta and for Mu 1.5%(1/65) and 26.2%(17/65) in blood or Genitourinary tract,respectively.Mpe and Mf did not detected.CONCLUSIONS The state of mycoplasma infection is very severe,and often accompanies bacterial infection.It is necessary to consider mycoplasma when chose antibiotics.