ABSTRACT
SUMMARY: The mylohyoid muscle, one of the suprahyoid group, forms the floor of the mouth. Its main function is swallowing. It is a margin between the sublingual and the submandibular spaces and is important in the pathway of oral and maxillofacial infection. In prosthodontics, it is one of anatomic landmarks that limits the lingual margin of the mandibular denture. Currently, the muscle receives much interest in the fields of maxillofacial reconstruction and rejuvenation. The hemorrhagic issue around the mandibular lingual region is usually involved with the mylohyoid especially in the dental implant installation. This review covers anatomic features of the mylohyoid muscle with diverse clinical implications.
RESUMEN: El músculo milohioideo es un músculo del grupo suprahioideo que forma el piso de la cavidad oral. Su función principal es la deglución. Es conocido como un límite entre los espacios sublingual y submandibular y es importante en la vía de infección oral y maxilofacial. En la prostodoncia, es uno de los hitos anatómicos que limita el margen lingual de la dentadura mandibular. Actualmente, el músculo recibe mucho interés en los campos de la reconstrucción y el rejuvenecimiento maxilofacial. El problema hemorrágico alrededor de la región lingual mandibular generalmente está relacionado con el músculo milohioideo, especialmente en la instalación de implantes dentales. Esta revisión cubre las características anatómicas del músculo milohioideo con diversas implicaciones clínicas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dentition , Muscles/anatomy & histology , Mouth FloorABSTRACT
Background: The morphological study of foetal submandibular gland has been the subject of much investigationin recent years. Throughout the foetal life the submandibular salivary gland progressively increases in size andweight due to ductal proliferation , increased in lobulation and connective tissue septa. The relation of themylohyoid muscle with respect to the submandibular salivary gland proves to be vital one during surgeries ofthe submandibular region.Materials and Methods: A total of 30 fetuses ranging from 10 weeks of gestation to full term were divided intothree groups viz., Group I [10-16 weeks] , Group II [18-25weeks], Group III[ 28weeks – full term] and they aredissected and subjected to morphological study.Results: The shape of the gland in Group I – Global ; Group II – Ovoid ; Group III – Irregular. There was no obviouslobes and interlobular fissure in Group I ; Interlobular fissure appears in Group II ; well differentiated fissure inGroupIII. Weight and Dimentions of the gland increases from group I to group III. Mylohyoid muscle was seenjust behind the Gland in group I ; just enters the interlobular fissure in Group II ; occupies the half of the fissurein Group III.Conclusion: The knowledge of morphological features and relations of the developing submandibular salivarygland contribute to future studies in dental surgery, fetopathology , perinatology and in radiadiagnosis
ABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Young Adult , Abscess , Dermoid Cyst , Diagnosis , Endothelium , Epithelium , Follow-Up Studies , Hemangioma , Laryngocele , Lipoma , Lymphangioma , Lymphatic Diseases , Macrophages , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mediastinal Cyst , Mucins , Neck , Ranula , Recurrence , Sublingual Gland , Thyroglossal Cyst , Thyroid GlandABSTRACT
In order to clarify the topographical morphology of the Korean lingual artery related to clinical problems, authors investigated the morphological variations of the lingual artery through the dissection of the deep layer of head and neck. 61 -sides of Korean adult cadavers (mean age 57.8) were used for this study. The morphlogy of the origin sites of the lingual artery were classified into three types. The cases that the superior thyroid, lingual, and facial artery were originated independently from the external carotid artery were most common (56.3%). Others were the cases that the lingual artery and the facial artery were divided from the linguofacial trunk (31.2%), and the cases that the superior thyroid artery and the lingual artery were divided from the thyreolingual trunk (12.5%) from the external carotid artery, respectively. In the topographical relationships between the first part of the lingual artery and the hyoglossus muscle, the cases that the first part of the lingual artery formed loop posterior to the hyoglossus muscle (41.2%) and the cases that the lingual artery penetrated into the medial aspect of the hyoglossus muscle passing the posterior border of this muscle (66.1%) were observed most frequently. Others were the cases that the lingual artery penetrated into the posterior muscle fiber (18.6%) and the middle muscle fiber (15.3%) of the hyoglossus muscle. The courses of the second part of the lingual artery deep to the hyoglossus muscle could be classified into two morphlogical types. One was that the second part of the lingual artery ran superiorly from the origin site and then turned abruptly towards deep portion of hyoglossus muscle. In these cases, the artery turned upward again at the inside of the muscle, and then reached to the sublingual region (42.6%). The other cases were that the lingual artery ran gradually to the medial and superior aspect of the sublingual region (57.4%). The prevalency of the sublingual arteries originating from the lingual arteries was 59%. Taken all together, authors concluded that the mouth floors of Korean are supplied by both the lingual and facial artery. So, performing the hemostatic procedures in the mouth floor region, the surgeon must take a topographical anatomy of this region related the arterial supply into account.