ABSTRACT
Introduction: The manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as COVID-19, are mainly characterized by respiratory symptoms. However, cardiac manifestations such as acute myopericarditis have been reported to be associated with COVID-19 infection. Case Description: A 29-year-old female patient presented with a 2-day history of fever, cough, runny nose, and myalgia, and tested COVID-19 positive at Penang General Hospital, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. On day 2 of admission, the patient complained of acute onset central chest pain, radiating to her back, associated with cold sweat, shortness of breath and generalised body ache. On examination, tachycardia and tachypnoea were elicited. The serial electrocardiography (ECG) showed persistent non-specific sinus tachycardia. Troponin T level was elevated at 99 ng/L (normal <15 ng/L) and creatine kinase (CK) was at 10990 U//L (normal: <190 U/L). Her chest radiograph revealed cardiomegaly and otherwise clear lung field. CT pulmonary angiogram demonstrated evidence of bilateral pleural effusion and pericardial effusion and ruled out pulmonary embolism. The diagnosis of myopericarditis was established based on clinical, electrocardiographic, radiological, and biochemical findings. She was treated successfully with IV morphine, oral colchicine, ibuprofen, and oxygen therapy. A follow-up echocardiogram 10 weeks postCOVID demonstrated complete resolution of pericardial effusion, with an election fraction of >70%. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients may develop severe cardiac complications such as myopericarditis. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion of COVID-related myopericarditis in COVID-19 management. Further study should be implemented to investigate the association between COVID-19 and myopericarditis.
ABSTRACT
Myopericarditis is commonly misdiagnosed as an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) due to the similarities in clinical presentation. Hence, accurate diagnosis is important to ensure appropriate care and improve outcomes. Here, we present the case of a 58-year-old male initially diagnosed with ACS, which was eventually identified to be a case of myopericarditis and managed accordingly. The patient presented with fever for 1 week during the coronavirus disease pandemic and developed signs of ACS subsequently. Clinical history, biomarker profile, and echocardiogram suggested ACS. However, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and coronary angiography findings revealed myopericarditis and it was managed accordingly. Clinicians should be aware of myopericarditis masquerading as ACS in the post-viral period.
ABSTRACT
La miopericarditis aguda es una pericarditis aguda con compromiso miocárdico menor. En las primeras horas de evolución el cuadro clínico puede confundirse con un síndrome coronario agudo, en especial cuando el electrocardiograma presenta elevación del segmento ST y marcadores de necrosis miocárdica elevados. La resonancia magnética cardíaca tiene un papel importante para diferenciar las dos enfermedades. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 36 años de edad ingresado por dolor de pecho, elevación del segmento ST y de marcadores de necrosis miocárdica. Se realiza angiografía coronaria, que no evidencia lesiones angiográficamente significativas, resonancia magnética cardíaca con contraste de gadolinio, en la que se observa leve derrame pericárdico, presencia de edema y realce tardío con patrón parcheado subepicárdico e intramiocárdico en pared lateral. Los hallazgos del estudio confirman el diagnóstico de miopericarditis.
Acute myopericarditis is an acute pericarditis with minor myocardial compromise. During the first hours from onset the clinical presentation can be confused with an acute coronary syndrome, especially when the electrocardiogram presents with ST segment elevation and increased markers of myocardial necrosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging plays an important role to differentiate between these two diseases. We present the case of a 36-year-old male who was admitted with chest pain, ST segment elevation and increased markers of myocardial necrosis. Coronary angiography is performed reporting no significant angiographic findings. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with contrast medium (gadolinium) is performed, reporting mild pericardial effusion, presence of edema, and delayed uptake with a subepicardial and intramyocardial patchy pattern on the lateral wall. These test findings confirm the diagnosis of myopericarditis.
A miopericardite aguda é uma pericardite aguda com pequena deterioração miocárdica. Nas primeiras horas de evolução do quadro clínico podem ser confundidas com síndrome coronariana aguda, principalmente quando o eletrocardiograma mostra supradesnivelamento do segmento ST e marcadores elevados de necrose miocárdica. A ressonância magnética cardíaca desempenha um papel importante em distinguir as duas doenças. Apresentamos o caso de um homem de 36 anos admitido por dor torácica, supradesnivelamento do segmento ST e elevação dos marcadores de necrose miocárdica, foi realizada cineangiocoronariografia, onde não foram evidenciadas lesões angiograficamente significativas. Foi realizada a ressonância magnética cardíaca com contraste de gadolínio e foram observados derrame pericárdico leve, edema e realce tardio com um padrão irregular subepicárdico e intramiocárdico na face lateral. Os resultados do estudo confirmam o diagnóstico de miopericardite.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Pericarditis/diagnostic imaging , Acute Coronary Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Myocarditis/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Acute Disease , Coronary Angiography , Diagnosis, Differential , ElectrocardiographyABSTRACT
Reactive arthritis describes the relationship between the host and the environment. This leads to urogenital or gastrointestinal infections. It clinically presents with inflammatory lumbosacral pain, asymmetric oligoarthritis and enthesitis of the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia. Among the extra-articular manifestations are acute anterior uveitis, skin lesions, genital lesions, and oral ulcers, with the rarest being cardiovascular. A case is presented of a patient with a urogenital infection and cardiovascular manifestations, interpreted and managed as acute coronary syndrome. After further studies an acute myopericarditis was considered as a primary manifestation of reactive arthritis.
La artritis reactiva describe la interrelación entre el hospedero y el medio ambiente. Aparece después de infecciones urogenitales o digestivas. Clínicamente presenta dolor lumbosacro inflamatorio, oligoartritis asimétrica y entesitis del tendón de Aquiles y la fascia plantar. Entre las manifestaciones extraarticulares, se encuentran la uveítis anterior aguda, lesiones en piel, lesiones genitales y úlceras orales. Las más infrecuentes son las cardiovasculares. Describimos el caso de un paciente con infección urogenital y manifestaciones cardiovasculares interpretadas y manejadas como síndrome coronario agudo, pero que a la luz de estudios posteriores se consideró finalmente una miopericarditis aguda como manifestación primaria de una artritis reactiva.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pericarditis , Arthritis, Reactive , Spondylarthropathies , MyocarditisABSTRACT
Informamos el caso de un hombre de 48 años, con el antecedente de enfermedad coronaria y enfermedad autoinmune, quien sufrió dolor torácico, con posterior desarrollo de falla cardíaca aguda y colapso hemodinámico. Se presentan su evolución clínica y las ayudas que permitieron llegar al diagnóstico de miocarditis fulminante de etiología lúpica. Se incluye también una revisión de los aspectos más importantes de esta enfermedad.
We report the case of a 48 year-old man with chest pain and history of coronary and autoimmune diseases, who developed acute heart failure and hemodynamic collapse. We present his clinical evolution and the tests that allowed the diagnosis of fulminant myocarditis secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus. A review of the most important aspects of this disease is also included.
Subject(s)
Adult , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Myocarditis/diagnosis , Myocarditis/etiologyABSTRACT
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is considered as a dysregulated immune mediated disease. Pericarditis in IBD is a very rare disease both as an extra-intestinal manifestation of IBD and an adverse reaction of therapeutic drug for IBD such as mesalazine or sulfasalazine. A 26-year-old IBD male patient who had been taking mesalazine regularly for about 1 month was referred to our hospital because of fever, chest discomfort, and abnormal electrocardiographic findings. The patients was diagnosed as acute myopericarditis, and recovered after cessation of mesalazine using steroid and aspirin. When mesalazine was re-medicated some days after discharge, he suffered from myopericarditis again. Subsequently, myopericarditis was resolved just after cessation of mesalazine again. These findings suggest that the development of myopericarditis is caused by mesalazine.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Aspirin , Colitis, Ulcerative , Electrocardiography , Fever , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , Mesalamine , Pericarditis , Rare Diseases , Sulfasalazine , Thorax , UlcerABSTRACT
We report on a 45-year-old man with a confirmed diagnosis of acute myopericarditis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. He visited our emergency department due to high fever (39degrees C) via a primary clinic. We made a diagnosis of myopericarditis based on symptoms, cardiac enzymes, electrocardiography, and transthoracic echocardiography. Serology (particle agglutination) testing for M. pneumoniae IgG antibody was also performed. The IgG antibody titer was 1:80 on the second day of admission, and increased to 1:2,560 by the 12th day of admission. Therefore, we confirmed the diagnosis of acute myopericarditis associated with M. pneumoniae and subsequently treated him with azithromycin. The symptoms and laboratory findings improved, and he recovered uneventfully.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Azithromycin , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , Emergencies , Fever , Immunoglobulin G , Mycoplasma , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Pneumonia , Pneumonia, MycoplasmaABSTRACT
We report on a 45-year-old man with a confirmed diagnosis of acute myopericarditis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. He visited our emergency department due to high fever (39degrees C) via a primary clinic. We made a diagnosis of myopericarditis based on symptoms, cardiac enzymes, electrocardiography, and transthoracic echocardiography. Serology (particle agglutination) testing for M. pneumoniae IgG antibody was also performed. The IgG antibody titer was 1:80 on the second day of admission, and increased to 1:2,560 by the 12th day of admission. Therefore, we confirmed the diagnosis of acute myopericarditis associated with M. pneumoniae and subsequently treated him with azithromycin. The symptoms and laboratory findings improved, and he recovered uneventfully.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Azithromycin , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , Emergencies , Fever , Immunoglobulin G , Mycoplasma , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Pneumonia , Pneumonia, MycoplasmaABSTRACT
Varón de 22 años, admitido en el Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, con un tiempo de enfermedad de diez días, manifestando fiebre, malestar general y diaforesis nocturna; se añade astenia, disnea a moderados esfuerzos y tos productiva. No tenía antecedentes personales ni familiares de enfermedad previa. En el Hospital, desarrolla Insuficiencia Cardiaca Aguda y efusión pericárdica, el estudio del líquido y la biopsia del pericardio fueron de tipo inflamatorio inespecífico. El paciente, inicialmente recibió antibióticos, sin mejoría de cuadro clínico; desarrolló rash dérmico y oligoartritis, con estudio de líquido articular no inflamatorio, con cultivos negativos. Se solicita ferritina sérica, resultado 95 873 ng/mL. Se obtuvo mejoría en el estado general y caída de la fiebre con prednisona 60mg/d. Al excluirse otras enfermedades, se sugiere el diagnóstico de enfermedad de Still de inicio del adulto, con miopericarditis como manifestación inicial.
A 22 year old male patient was admitted to the emergency room at the Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia with a history of ten days of fever, malaise and night sweats, accompanied by asthenia, mild dyspnea, and cough. His past medical history is unremarkable. Once admitted he developed acute heart failure and pericardial effusion, the analyses of the pericardial fluid and biopsy only showed no specific inflammatory changes. Antibiotic therapy was initiated by the patient progressively worsened. During the hospitalization he presented an evanescent rash and oligoarticular arthritis with culture negative and non inflammatory effusion. Because of the exclusion of infections and neoplastic disease and the clinical picture of prolonged fever with rash and oligoarticular arthritis we were concerned about the possibility of Still´s disease. We asked for serum ferritin levels which showed and extreme elevation (95 873 ng/mL). Prednisone therapy with 60mg/d was iniciated, and the fever decreased and the patient felt better. We excluded others diseases and suggested the diagnosis of Adult onset Still´s disease with myopericarditis as initial manifestation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Still's Disease, Adult-Onset , PericarditisABSTRACT
Myopericarditis is an uncommon manifestation, but can be reaely a lethal complication of infectious mononucleosis. We experienced a case of infectious mononucleosis complicated by myopericarditis in which the clinical pictur was confused as acute myocarddial infarction. A 25-year-old male who presented with syncope and chest pain. The diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis was comfirmed by both a positive heterophil antibody test and a high titer of Epstein-Barr virus antibody. He was found to have completely normal findings at cardiac catheterization, including coronary arteriography. Pathologic specimen from right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy demonstrated extensive lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltration of the myocardium.