Regulation of gene expression via control of transcription elongation during immune responses / 中国免疫学杂志

Transcription is a multi-stage process that coordinates several steps during the transcription cycle including pre-initiation,initiation and elongation.Recent advances by genome-wide study suggest that control of transcription elongation is a critical step for precise regulation of gene expression across species from Drosophila to mammals.Here we review the molecular mechanisms of how transcription elongation of RNA polymeraseⅡ(PolⅡ) is modulated by the major pausing factors-NELF,DSIF and the positive elongation factor P-TEFb,which is the key player in pause release.We also discuss the potential implications of regulation of transcription elongation in pathogenesis of cancer,inflammation and virus infection.