INDIAN NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 2020 VISUALISATION: A SUMMARY

The National Education Policy 2020 is the rst education policy of the 21st century and aims to address the many growing developmental imperatives of our country. This Policy proposes the revision and revamping of all aspects of the education structure, including its regulation and governance, to create a new system that is aligned with the inspirational goals of 21st century education, including SDG4, while building upon India's traditions and value systems. The National Education Policy lays particular emphasis on the development of the creative potential of each individual. It is based on the principle that education must develop not only cognitive capacities - both the 'foundational capacities 'of literacy and numeracy and 'higher-order' cognitive capacities, such as critical thinking and problem solving – but also social, ethical, and emotional capacities and dispositions. The main objective of this study is to explore the National Education Policy 2020 in India. The paper describes the principles of National Education Policy and formation of the NEP 2020. This study examines the purpose of NEP and implementation strategy of National Education Policy in India. It is an attempt to understand the vision of National Education Policy and some major changes in education sector. The study would be useful for the Indian in planning and upgrading their educational system and improve quality of education in future

National Education Policy 2020: Empowering Teacher Education

The Government of India released the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) in July 2020, 34 years after the last national policy was released in 1986. Momentous and essential changes in the education system is proposed in NEP 2020, which is rooting and getting operationalised in the country, including Teacher Education. This paper discusses reflection on the steps suggested by NEP 2020 to improve the quality of Teacher Education and the reforms considered necessary as per the futuristic need. It also talks about how to equip the future teachers with transforming Teaching Learning process with innovative pedagogy. As it is known that research and development has very vast effect on the growth of any country, NEP 2020 focuses on research in the field of educational psychology, philosophy, sociology etc. with integration of science and technology. It also advocates the designing of National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education (NCFTE). Nep 2020 emphases on the multidisciplinary inputs, and education in high-quality content as well as pedagogy. This paper also focuses on how the Integrated Teacher Education Program (ITEP) will be implemented in multidisciplinary institutions and universities and how this ITEP, the 4-year Bachelor's Degree Integrated Teacher Education Program in different stream will, enhance the quality of teachers in the education system. It is also discussed in the paper that how Nep 2020 also focuses on improving high quality of research with the help of financial assistance in the field of Teacher Education.

The Effect of Dash Diet on the Blood Pressure of the Male Hypertensive Office Employees between 33-55 Years of Age

Aims:To determine the effect of the DASH Diet on the Blood Pressure of the male hypertensive office employees between 33-55 years of age. Place and Duration of Study:The study was conducted at Abhitex International Company, Panipat, Haryana, India between November 2018 to January 2019. Methodology:The Clinical blood pressure of the office employees of Abhitex International company, Panipat, between the age group of 35 to 55 years was recorded, following the international guidelines given by American Heart Association(AHA) and American College of Cardiology. Purposive sampling was done and the employees who had clinical blood pressure above 120/80 mm Hg were considered as the samples for the study. The dietary pattern of the samples was evaluated by checking the adherence to the DASH diet which was done through a questionnaire and 3 days 24-hour diet recall. Dietary adherence was assessed using a scoring scheme adoptedby Folsom and colleagues. Samples were made aware of the DASH Diet and post one month the adherence to DASH Diet was again checked and the change in the clinical blood pressure was observed.Results:There were 50 study participants. The mean age of the participants was 41.5 years. The average Systolic blood pressure of the 50 participants in the pre-test was 149.3 mm of Hg and average diastolic blood pressure was 89.58 mm of Hg. Pre Nutrition Education Program, the total mean DASH adherence score was4.3 out of 10 but post NEP and after following DASH Diet, the adherence score for the DASH Diet improved and resulted in 6.7 which indicated that the samples adhered more to the DASH Diet post NEP. There were reductions in systolic (149.30±18.98 mmHg to 146.12±14.85 mmHg) and diastolic (89.58±8.76 mmHg to86.28±4.76 mmHg) blood pressures when the subjects adhered towards the DASH Diet. A significant difference at p=0.05(p=0.039*) in the pre and post-systolic blood pressure was observed in the study. A similar trend was also noticed in the pre and post-diastolic blood pressure which showed a highly significant difference at p=0.05(p=0.002**).Conclusion:It was concluded from the study that the improvement in the DASH Diet adherence score was associated with a reduction in the Clinical blood pressure. There was a reduction in systolic (149.30±18.98 mmHg to 146.12±14.85 mmHg) and diastolic (89.58±8.76 mmHg to 86.28±4.76 mmHg) blood pressures with an improvement of DASH Adherence Score (4.3±1.27 to 6.7±1.19)

Effect of Hei Xiaoyaosan on Expressions of Aβ1-42, GSK-3β, NEP, IDE in Hippocampus Area of Alzheimer's Dementia Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To observe the effect of Hei Xiaoyaosan on expressions of β-amyloid 1-42 peptide(Aβ1-42),glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β),neprilysin(NEP),insulin-degrading enzyme(IDE) in the hippocampus area of Alzheimer's dementia mice. Method: After weighing, 42 APP/PSI bivalent transgenic mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:10 mice in the model group, 10 mice in the positive drug control group, 11 mice in the high-dose Hei Xiaoyaosan group, and 11 mice in the low-dose Hei Xiaoyaosan group; 10 wild C57BL/6J mice of the same age and strain were used for negative control group. Drugs were administered to mice by gavage once a day for 12 weeks. Then the behavior of all the mice were detected by Morris water maze, the morphological changes in hippocampal neurons were observed by hematoxylineosin(HE) staining, the expressions of Aβ1-42, GSK-3β, NEP and IDE proteins in hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry. Result: After 3 months of treatment, compared with negative control groups, the average escaping latency periods prolonged significantly, and the number of cross-platform was decreased significantly in model group (Pβ1-42 and GSK-3β proteins in model mice hippocampus were significantly increased (PPPβ1-42 and GSK-3β proteins in the hippocampus of drug groups were significantly decreased (PPPConclusion: Hei Xiaoyaosan can significantly improve the learning and memory abilities of AD mice, which may be related to the reduction of cognitive impairment in AD mice by regulating abnormal deposition and degradating Aβ in the hippocampus.

Opuntia Extractable and Non-extractable (NEP) Residues as Co-carbon Sources for Improved Extracellular Laccase Production: Partial Purification and Characterization

Aim: The study of laccase production by Trametes pubescens cultured on cladode extractive residues alone, and as co-carbon source with wheat, using submerged fermentation condition. Place and Duration of Study: Biotechnology Laboratory, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa. Methodology: Plant extraction, submerged fermentation, enzyme activity and characterization techniques were utilized. Results: The highest laccase activity was observed at 60-80% wheat: residue ratio combinations under submerged conditions with copper and xylidine supplementation. Partially purified enzyme fractions showed similar characteristics at different temperatures and pHs. There was good retention of relative enzyme activity at temperatures near 60°C, and pH stability from pH 4.0-6.0. At optimal culture conditions laccase activity was highest at 49.01±0.21 U/ml (80% wheat: 20% residue ratio), and lower at 10.02±0.51 U/ml (80% wheat:20% NEP residue). The optimum temperature for laccase fractions was 25°C and pH optimum at 5. Highest specific activity was 3.55 U/mg of protein for the 80% wheat: 20% residue ratio laccase extract. Conclusion: These results show the potential of cladode extractable phenol residues as potential economic growth medium for laccase production, offering a new alternative use for this agro-industrial and/or laboratory by-product.

Isolation of entomopathogenic nematodes in an apple orchard in Southern Brazil and its virulence to Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) larvae, under laboratory conditions / Isolamento de nematoides entomopatogênicos em pomar de macieira no sul do Brasil e virulência em larvas de Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) em condições de laboratório

Abstract Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are a promising alternative to integrated control in many fruit pests. Few studies were made on the relationship of Anastrepha fraterculus natural population with native EPNs population and other biotic and abiotic factors. The aim of this work was to verify the occurrence of endemic nematodes in an apple orchard, concerning environmental conditions and technical procedure, and access isolates virulence to A. fraterculus larvae. The experiment was conducted during a year taking monthly soil samples from an apple orchard, with and without fallen fruits just above the soil. Samples were baited with Tenebrium molitor and A. fraterculus larvae in laboratory. Canopy and fallen fruits were sampled to access the pest infestation. Seventy three EPN isolates were captured, in 23.2% soil samples, more with T. molitor than with A. fraterculus baits. From the 20 isolates tested against A. fraterculus, only five were pathogenic, and they were identified as Oscheius sp. The nematodes were captured during all seasons in a similar frequency. Soil and weather conditions, presence of fruit over the orchard soil, and A. fraterculus pupae in the fruits had no significant influence on the capture. As a conclusion, nematodes of the genera Oscheius are found in an apple orchard of Porto Amazonas constantly along the year, independently of fluctuations in A. fraterculus population, climate conditions and presence of fruit over the soil. Some of the isolates are pathogenic to A. fraterculus.

Resumo Nematoides entomopatogênicos (NEPs) são alternativa promissora para o controle integrado de várias pragas de frutíferas. Foram feitos poucos estudos ecológicos sobre a relação de populações naturais de Anastrepha fraterculus com a de NEPs nativos e outros fatores bióticos e abióticos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar a ocorrência de nematoides endêmicos de um pomar de macieira, considerando condições ambientais e procedimentos técnicos, e testar a virulência de isolados para larvas de A. fraterculus. O experimento foi conduzido durante um ano coletando mensalmente amostras de solo de um pomar de macieira com e sem frutos acima do solo. Foram feitas armadilhas com larvas de Tenebrium molitor e de A. fraterculus em laboratório. Frutos na copa e caídos no solo foram amostrados para quantificar a infestação da praga. Setenta e três isolados de NEPs foram capturados em 23,2% das amostras de solo, mais em armadilhas de T. molitor do que em A. fraterculus. Dos 20 isolados testados contra A. fraterculus, apenas cinco foram patogênicos, e eles foram identificados como Oscheius sp. Os nematoides foram capturados durante todas as estações e em frequência similar. Condições edáficas e climáticas, presença do fruto acima do solo amostrado e de pupas de A. fraterculus nos frutos não tiveram influência significativa na captura. Como conclusão, nematoides do gênero Oscheius ocorrem em pomar de macieira de Porto Amazonas de forma constante ao longo do ano, independentemente de flutuações na população de A. fraterculus, condições climáticas e presença de fruto sobre a superfície do solo. Alguns isolados são patogênicos para A. fraterculus.

The effect of matrine on CXCR4 expression in SK-NEP-1 cells / 临床儿科杂志

Objectives To investigate the effects of matrine on the proliferation and apoptosis of SK-NEP-1 cells in vitro, and its possible mechanism. Methods Trials were divided into following groups:control group, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5mg/ml of ma-trine intervention groups. The inhibition rate of SK-NEP-1 cells treated with different concentration of Matrine was detected by MTT colorimetric assay. Apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). RT-PCR analysis was employed to measure the PDCD4 mRNA expression. Results Matrine (final concentrations=0.5, 1.0 and 1.5mg/ml) could induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of SK-NEP-1 cells. Compared with the controls without matrine treatment (8.81±3.71)%, the inhibition rates of SK-NEP-1 cells were (20.79 ± 6.20)%, (31.25 ± 5.07)%, and (51.15 ± 12.70)%, respectively;the apoptotic rates of SK-NEP-1 cells treated with different concentration of matrine were (13.67±0.78)%,(17.43±1.65)%and (20.80±1.54)%, respectively. Significant difference in the inhibition and apoptotic rates of SK-NEP-1 cells between each drug group and control group was observed(P<0.05), and the inhibition and apoptotic rates of SK-NEP-1 cells increased gradually with increased matrine concentration, thus exhibiting a dose-dependent effect(P<0.05). To the expression of CXCR4 mRNA,the grey levels of SK-NEP-1 cells treated with matrine intervention group (final concentrations=0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/ml) were (0.720 ± 0.058), (0.540 ± 0.095) and (0.307 ± 0.050), respectively. The mRNA expression of CXCR4 was seen in SK-NEP-1 cells. Compared with control group, the expres-sion of CXCR4 mRNA was decreased significantly in matrine intervention group (P<0.01).There were significant difference in CXCR4 mRNA level among the SK-NEP-1 cells treated with 0.5,1.0,1.5mg/mL of matrine (P<0.01). Conclusions Matrine could induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of SK-NEP-1 cells in a dose-dependent way which may be associated with the down-regulated CXCR4 expression in SK-NEP-1 cells.

Protection of NEP1-40 on retinal cells following retinal ischemia reperfusion injury / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background The retina ischemia reperfusion injury (RIRI) can lead to apoptosis,which is associated with many genes.It is very significant to explore the protection of drugs on RIRI-induced apoptosis.Objective This study was to explore the relationship between the expression of Nogo-A and the cell apoptosis as well as the therapeutic effect of NEP1-40 in RIRI retina.Methods The device of raising intraocular pressure (IOP)was used to elevate the IOP for 60 minutes and then restore the IOP to normal for the establishment of RIRI models.Seventy-eight SD rats were randomized to the normal group,RIRI group and NEP1-40 group.PBS of 5 ml/(kg · d)was injected intraperitoneally in the rats of the RIRI group,and NEP1-40 of 8 mg/(L · kg) was used in the same way in the NEP1-40 group.The rats were sacrificed in overdose anesthesia at 6 hours,12 hours and 1 day,2,3,7 days after RIRI to prepare the retinal specimens.The ultrastructure of rat retinas was examined under the transmission electron microscope.Cell apoptosis was assessed by the TUNEL method,and the apoptotic index (AI) was calculated.The expressions of Nogo-A protein and mRNA in rat retinas were detected by immunohistochemistry and semiquantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR).Results The ultrastructure of retinal cells were normal in the normal group.Retinal cell organelle dissolution,mitochondria swelling,cavitation,chromatin edge heterochromatin and apoptotic body were seen in the rats of the RIRI group from 12 hours through 7 days after injection.However,only the slight loose of outer membranous disk,inner and outer nuclear layer and retinal ganglion cells,the nucleus gap broadening,shortness of some mitochondrial cristae in the NEP1-40 group.TUNEL-positive cells appeared 6 hours after RIRI and reached peak in 1 day,and gradually declined after that in the RIRI group.A similar pattern was seen in the rats of the NEP1-40 group with a more mild manifestation.Significant differences were seen in the AI values among the different groups at various time points (Fgroup =100.850,P =0.000 ; Ftime =34.309,P =0.000),and the AI values were significantly higher in the RIRI group and NEP1-40 group compared with normal group;while the AI values in the NEP1-40 group was lower than those of the RIRI group (all at P＜0.05).The expressions of Nogo-A protein and mRNA showed a coincident pattern with apoptosis procedure,with a gradually elevated level from 6 hours through 7 days after RIRI and a peak in 2 days,and those in the NEP1-40 group were weaker in comparison with the RIRI group in various time points.Significant differences were detected in the expression of Nogo-A protein and the expression of Nogo-A mRNA among different groups and various time points(protein:Fgroup =164.139,P =0.000;Ftime =21.772,P =0.000.mRNA:Fgroup =93.889,P =0.000 ; Ftime =6.349,P =0.000).Conclusions Nogo-A probably plays an important role in RIRI.NEP1-40 can protect retinal cells from apoptosis following RIRI through down-regulating the expression of Nogo-A.

Expiratory flow limitation detected by negative expiratory pressure in children with asthma / 国际儿科学杂志

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of expiratory flow limitation(EFL) detected by negative(NEP) and the correlation between EFL and routine lung function measurements(Forced expiratory volume in first second,FEV1),EFL and MRC dyspnea scale,in patients with stable and acute asthma,to find a simple,reliable and objective method for the diagnosis,differential diagnosis,the severity of disease and evaluation of severity and efficacy of treatment for asthma,and a objective method reflecting the severity of dyspnea.Methods Sixty-four children enrolled in No.306 Hospital of PLA from Jun.to Dec.in 2012 were included in this study.The severity of dyspnea was rated according to the dyspnea scale proposed by the Medical Research Council(MRC).Then routine pulmonary ventilation function tests and NEP technique were performed respectively.Result (1) All asthmatic patients tolerated NEP well.(2) Pulmonary ventilation function tests:The mean FEV1 in 64 was 71.33 ± 13.92％ pred.(3) MRC dyspnea scale:MRC dyspnea scale was 2 in 10,1 in 54 of 64 children with stable asthma.The Spearman' s correlation coefficient of MRC dyspnea scale with FEV1 was-0.635(P ＜0.05).(4)EFL detected by NEP:There were no EFL in 46 children with asthma both in seated and supine positions.There were EFL in 8 children both in seated and supine positions and in 10 only in supine position..The Spearman's correlation coefficient of three-point EFL score with FEV1 and MRC dyspnea scale was-0.607 and 0.964(P ＜ 0.05) respectively.The Spearman's correlation coefficient of five-point EFL score with FEV1 and MRC dyspnea scale was-0.626 and 0.966 (P ＜ 0.05)respectively.Conclusion (1) NEP technique can be used in children with asthma.(2) There was a significant correlation between EFL detected by NEP technique and FEV1.(3) There is a stronger correlation between EFL and MRC dyspnea scale than that between FEV1 and MRC dyspnea scale.

Creencias y conductas ambientales, liberalismo económico y felicidad / Environmental beliefs and behavior, economic liberalism and happiness / Crenças e condutas ambientais, liberalismo econômico e felicidade

Se identifican y analizan las creencias ambientales agrupadas bajo los términos 'nuevo paradigma ambiental’ (NPE, Dunlap, Van Liere, Merting& Jones, 2000) respecto de la conducta ambiental, el liberalismo económico, la religiosidad y la felicidad en la población joven -urbana y rural- de una región del valle central de Chile. Una muestra de 409 participantes de 33 años de edad promedio respondió una batería de instrumentos constituida por el NEP-R que mide creencias acerca de la relación entre el hombre y la naturaleza por medio de dos dimensiones: antropocentrismo y ecocentrismo; la Escala de Conducta Ecológica (ECE); la Escala de Liberalismo Económico (ELE), y la de Felicidad Subjetiva (EFS). La procedencia urbana o rural no tiene efectos sobre ninguna de las variables evaluadas. Las creencias generales a favor del medio ambiente están relacionadas positivamente con la conducta ecológica (o pro-ambiental) y la felicidad subjetiva, no así con el liberalismo económico (rs(409) ≥0,138; ps≤ 0,041). Este último está correlacionado sólo con los aspectos de las creencias asociados al pensamiento anti-antropocéntrico (r(409)= 0,192; p= 0,004) de modo que quienes tienen un pensamiento económicamente más liberal no creen en la supremacía del hombre sobre la naturaleza. Quienes se adscriben a alguna religión tienen más creencias ecocéntricas que quienes no, sin observarse diferencias etarias ni sexuales para otras variables. Se plantean preguntas e implicaciones y se debate acerca de éstos y otros resultados.

We identified and analyzed environmental beliefs grouped under the terms 'new environmental paradigm’ (NEP, Dunlap, Van Liere, Mertingen and Jones, 2000) about the environmental behavior, economic liberalism, religiosity and happiness in young people from a central valley region of Chile. A sample of 409 participants, with average of 33 years answered a battery of instruments consisting of the NEP-R which measures beliefs about the relationship between man and nature by two-dimensional-centrism and anthropocentrism, Ecological Behavior Scale (EBS), Economic Liberalism Scale (ELS) and the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS). The rural or urban origin has no effect on any variables measured. The general beliefs in favor of the environment are positively related to ecological behavior (pro-environmental behavior) and subjective happiness, but not with economic liberalism (rs(409) ≥ 0.138, ps ≤ 0.041). The economic liberalism is correlated only with the beliefs about the anti-anthropocentric thinking (r(409) = 0.192, p = 0.004) so that those who are most economically liberal do not believe in the supremacy of man over nature. Those who subscribe to any religion have more ecocentric beliefs than who do not have, without sex or age differences were observed for other variables. Questions are raised and debate about these and other results.

Identificam-se e analisam-se as crenças ambientais agrupadas sob os termos 'novo paradigma ambiental’ (NPE, Dunlap, Van Liere, Merting& Jones, 2000) sobre a conduta ambiental, o liberalismo econômico, a religiosidade e a felicidade na população jovem -urbana e rural- de uma região do vale central do Chile. Uma mostra de 409 participantes de 33 anos de idade média respondeu uma bateria de instrumentos constituída pelo NEP-R que mede crenças sobre a relação entre o homem e a natureza por meio de duas dimensões: antropocentrismo e ecocentrismo; a Escala de Conduta Ecológica (ECE); a Escala de Liberalismo Econômico (ELE), e a de Felicidade Subjetiva (EFS). A procedência urbana ou rural não tem efeitos sobre nenhuma das variáveis avaliadas. As crenças gerais a favor do medioambiente estão relacionadas positivamente com a conduta ecológica (ou pró-ambiental) e a felicidade subjetiva, não assim com o liberalismo econômico (rs(409) ≥0,138; ps≤ 0,041). Este último está correlacionado só com os aspectos das crenças associados ao pensamento anti-antropocêntrico (r(409)= 0,192; p= 0,004) de modo que quem tem um pensamento economicamente mais liberal não acreditam na supremacia do homem sobre a natureza. As pessoas que estão vinculadas a alguma religião tem mais crenças ecocéntricas que os que não, sem observarem-se diferenças etárias nem sexuais para outras variáveis. São propostas perguntas e implicações e se debate sobre estes e outros resultados.

Old Enzyme with New Interest:Review of Newly Understood NEP Functions and Its Potential Renglators / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Neprilysin(NEP)is a type Ⅱ integral membrane glycoprotein of the M13 zinc metalloprotease family．As a neuropeptide degrading enzyme,NEP has been discovered to possess an increasing amount of organ-specific functions from central nervous system to peripheral tissues since it was fimfly identified in 1974．For example,NEP has been shown to have an anti-tumour effect by inhibition of cell migration and proliferation while induction of an programmed cell death dependent of both its enzymatic activity and direct protein-protein interactions with key molecules involved in signal transduction pathways:NEP Was also implicated to have neuropmtective effect by preventing the accumulation of the neurotoxic amyloid β-peptide (Aβ)in brain．Through investigating the progression of various human diseases,impaired NEP expression and activity were found to occur frequently．Based on these findings,modulation of NEP levels in pathological cells is considered to be therapeutically applicable as a strategy to recover normal cell functions and thereafter relieve symptoms of diseases．Great research effort is being contributed to the study of regulatory mechanisms involved in expression and activity of this enzyme,and a number of encouraging results have already been achieved．Besides androgens,well-recognised regulators of NEP transcription in prostate,the female hormone oestrogen,aqueous extract of willow herb,components of green tea and neuropeptides bombesin,somatostatin as well as the intracellular domain of amyloid precursor protein were all shown to have a stimulatory effect on NEP expression and／or its activity．

Effects of NEP1-40 on GAP-43 and RhoA expression in rats of cerebral ischemic-reperfusion model / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To study the effects of NEP1-40 on axon regeneration, motor function recovery of affected limbs and RhoA signal pathway in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats for exploring the possible mechanisms. Methods A total of 60 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were equally divided into sham operation group (sham group), cerebral ischemia-reperfusion control group (control group), intra-lateral ventricle injection of PBS group (PBS group), and intra-lateral ventricle injection of NEP1-40 group (NEP1-40 group). The middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion model (MCAI/R) was established by nylon monofilament occlusion method in rats. The changes in growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and RhoA expressions were determined by Western blotting technique. The motor function of affected limbs was tested by the "staircase test" of Montoya’s design. Results ① The expression of GAP-43 in NEP1-40 group was higher than that in the control and the PBS groups at 7 d and 14 d after MCAI/R, peaking at 7 d; ② The expression of RhoA in NEP1-40 group was significantly lower than that in the control and the PBS groups at each time point; ③ The results of "staircase test" in NEP1-40 group were much higher than those in the control group and the PBS groups at each time point after MCAI/R. Conclusion NEP1-40 can improve axon regeneration in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats and promote the recovery of motor function. The mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of RhoA signal pathway.

Loss of CD10/NEP Expression in the Pulmonary Carcinogenesis / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

PURPOSES: The cell surface metalloproteinase CD10/ neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP) hydrolyzes a variety of peptide substrates and reduces cellular responses to specific peptide hormones. CD10/NEP has been recognized as modulating peptide-mediated proliferation of lung carcinomas and the normal airway epithelium. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the expression of CD10/NEP in human lung cancers, including non- small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), and to correlate its expression with several clinicopathologic parameters, including proliferative activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CD10/NEP expression and proliferative activity were evaluated by immunohisto chemistry in 55 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded NSCLC and SCLC specimens, using anti-Human CD10/ NEP and Ki-67 primary antibodies. The correlations between CD10/NEP expression and either Ki-67 proliferative activity or several clinicopathologic parameters were analyzed by chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Most NSCLC (76%) and SCLC (80%) cases showed loss of CD10/NEP expression in the tumor cells, whereas the bronchial and alveolar epithelia and stromal fibroblasts in the adjacent healthy lung revealed strong expression of CD10/NEP. Its expression was not correlated with proliferative activity or any of the clinicopathologic parameters except for age. Only in terms of topographical expression was CD10/NEP expression found to be inversely correlated with Ki-67 proliferative activity. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that loss of CD10/ NEP expression may be important in the pulmonary carcinogenesis of both NSCLCs and SCLCs, which is topographically related to NSCLC proliferative activity, especially in the squamous cell type.