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1.
Braz. j. biol ; 77(3): 459-468, July-Sept. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888790

ABSTRACT

Abstract The human polyomaviruses JC and BK (JCPyV and BKPyV) are ubiquitous, species-specific viruses that belong to the family Polyomaviridae. These viruses are known to be excreted in human urine, and they are potential indicators of human wastewater contamination. In order to assess the distribution of both JCPyV and BKPyV in urban water samples collected from a sewage treatment plant (STP) and from a canalized water stream of Porto Alegre, Brazil, two nested-PCR assays were optimized and applied to the samples collected. The amplicons obtained were submitted to sequencing, and the sequences were analyzed with sequences of human polyomaviruses previously deposited in GenBank. Twelve out of 30 water samples (40%) were JCPyV positive, whereas six samples (20%) were BKPyV positive. The sequencing results confirmed the presence of JCPyV subtypes 1 and 3, whereas only BKPyV Ia and Ib were found. This study shows for the first time the presence of human polyomaviruses in surface water and in samples collected in a sewage treatment plant in southern Brazil.


Resumo Os poliomavírus humanos JC e BK (JCPyV e BKPyV) são virus ubíquos, espécie-específicos, pertencentes à família Polyomaviridae. Estes vírus são conhecidos por serem excretados pela urina humana, sendo considerados potenciais indicadores de contaminação por águas residuais urbanas. Buscando acessar a distribuição de JCPyV e BKPyV em amostras de águas coletadas de uma estação de tratamento de esgoto e de um arroio canalizado de Porto Alegre, Brasil, duas técnicas de nested-PCR foram otimizadas e aplicadas às amostras coletadas. Os amplificados obtidos foram submetidos ao sequenciamento e suas sequências analisadas com base em sequências de poliomavírus humanos previamente depositadas no GenBank. Doze de 30 amostras de água (40%) foram positivas para JCPyV, enquanto 6 amostras (20%) foram positivas para BKPyV. Os resultados do sequenciamento confirmaram a presença dos subtipos 1 e 3 de JCPyV, enquanto apenas os BKPyV Ia e Ib foram encontrados. Este estudo demonstra pela primeira vez a presença de poliomavírus humanos em águas superficiais e em amostras coletadas em uma estação de tratamento de esgoto na região sul do Brasil.


Subject(s)
Sewage/virology , BK Virus/isolation & purification , BK Virus/genetics , JC Virus/isolation & purification , JC Virus/genetics , Fresh Water/virology , Genetic Variation , Brazil , Polymerase Chain Reaction
2.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 89(1): 301-306, Jan,-Mar. 2017.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886632

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This study investigated the frequency of infection by Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis in dogs submitted to animal health centers in Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. E. canis and A. platys showed infection frequencies of 55.75% and 16.96%, respectively. The identity of the two species was confirmed by DNA sequencing.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Ehrlichiosis/veterinary , Ehrlichia canis/isolation & purification , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Anaplasma/isolation & purification , Anaplasmosis/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Ehrlichiosis/genetics , Ehrlichiosis/epidemiology , Sequence Analysis, DNA/veterinary , Ehrlichia canis/genetics , Dog Diseases/genetics , Anaplasma/genetics , Anaplasmosis/genetics
3.
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology ; (12): 147-154, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-510621

ABSTRACT

Objective To establish a real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR ( qRT-PCR) method for detection of hepatitis E virus ( HEV) of different genotypes based on standard HEV DNA plasmid in order to promote its application in clinical laboratory. Methods Specific primers and probe of HEV were designed based on the conserved open reading frame 3 (ORF3) regions. HEV DNA plasmids were construc-ted and 10-fold serial dilutions of the plasmids were prepared and used as standards to establish one-step qRT-PCR. The established method was compared with HEV antigen, antibody and RT-nPCR assays. Some positive samples were sequenced and analyzed by evolutionary tree. Results The one-step qRT-PCR meth-od for HEV detection in serum or feces samples was successfully establish. It could reach a sensitivity of 25 copies/test and 77. 8% of its results were consistent with those by HEV antigen assay. Nine patients were infected with HEV of genotypes 4a, 4d or 4n as indicated by evolutionary tree. Conclusion The HEV qRT-PCR method based on its standard plasmid is successfully established, which paves the way for commercial-ization of clinical applications.

4.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 35(3): 265-269, 03/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-751980

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to assess and evaluate the effects of Theileria equi infection on embryonic recovery, gestation and early embryonic loss. Thirteen Mangalarga Marchador Theileria equi positive donors (diagnosed through nested-PCR) and 40 embryos receptors were used. Donors were submitted to two embryo collections in two consecutive estrous cycles (GId); after, the same mares were treated with imidocarb dipropionate (1.2mg/kg IM.) in order to collect more embryos in two more estrous cycles (GIId). Receptors were divided into two groups (control and with treated) with 20 animals each, where one group was the control (GIr) and the other one (GIIr) treated with 1.2mg/kg IM of imidocarb dipropionate assessing the gestation rate at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. After 52 embryo collections, the embryonic recovery rates were 53.84% (14/26) and 65.38% (17/26) (p> 0.05) for GId and GIId, respectively. The gestation rate was 70% (14/20) (p>0.05) at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days in group GIr and for GIIr was 85% (17/20) (p>0.05) at 15 days, 80% (16/20) (p>0.05) at 30, 45 and 60 days. The treatment with imidocarb dipropionate did not cause significant improvement in the reproductive efficiency at an ET program.


Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a influência da infecção por Theileria equi nas taxas de recuperação embrionária, gestação e perda embrionária precoce. Foram utilizadas 13 doadoras e 40 receptoras de embrião da raça Mangalarga Marchador, positivas para Theileria equi através da técnica de nested-PCR. Nas doadoras foram realizados duas coletas de embriões em dois ciclos estrais consecutivos (GId), em sequência, esses mesmos animais foram tratados com dipropionato de imidocarb (1,2mg/kg IM.) para realização de mais duas coletas de embriões em dois ciclos estrais (GIId). As receptoras foram divididas em dois grupos de 20 animais cada, onde um grupo foi o controle (GIr) e, o outro grupo, foi tratado (GIIr) com 1,2mg/ Kg IM de dipropionato de imidocarb, com intuito de avaliar a taxa de gestação aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias. Após a realização de 52 coletas de embrião, as taxas de recuperação embrionária foram de 53,84% (14/26) e 65,38% (17/26) (p> 0,05) para GId e GIId, respectivamente. A taxa de gestação foi de 70% (14/20) (p>0,05) aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias no grupo GIr e para o GIIr foi 85% (17/20) (p>0,05) aos 15 dias, 80% (16/20) (p>0,05) aos 30, 45 e 60 dias. O tratamento com dipropionato de imidocarb não promoveu melhora significativa na eficiência reprodutiva em um programa de TE.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Horses/parasitology , Imidocarb/administration & dosage , Theileria/isolation & purification , Embryo Transfer/veterinary , Equidae/embryology , Pregnancy Rate
5.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 23(3): 328-336, Jul-Sep/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-722722

ABSTRACT

Direct diagnoses were made by using - blood smears and nested PCR (nPCR) tests on 309 blood samples from crossbred dairy cattle in the municipality of Ibicaraí, Bahia. From diagnostic blood smear slides, the observed parasitic frequencies were 31.1% for Anaplasma marginale and 20.4% for Babesia sp. From nPCR diagnoses, they were 63% for A. marginale, 34% for Babesia bigemina and 20.4% for Babesia bovis. There were significant differences (P <0.01) between the two diagnostic methods (nPCR and blood smear slides). The compliance obtained from the kappa test was 0.41 and 0.48 for A. marginale and Babesia sp., respectively. The tick samples from the six farms analyzed using nPCR were only positive for A. marginale. Evaluation of the risk factors relating to the presence of ticks and the age of the animals showed that there was a significant association (P <0.01) with the frequency of animals infected with both pathogens. Therefore, under the conditions studied, nPCR proved to be a good tool for diagnosing the agents of the bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis complex because of its sensitivity and specificity in comparison with blood smears. The municipality of Ibicaraí is an area with endemic prevalence of bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis confirmed by nPCR and A. marginale is the main agent of the disease.


Realizou-se o diagnóstico direto por esfregaço sanguíneo e nested PCR (nPCR) em 309 amostras de sangue de bovinos mestiços leiteiros provenientes do município de Ibicaraí, Bahia. A frequência observada no diagnóstico por lâminas de esfregaço sanguíneo foi 31,1% para Anaplasma marginale e 20,4% para Babesia sp. Enquanto que no diagnóstico por nPCR foi 63% para A. marginale, 34% para Babesia bigemina e 20,4% Babesia bovis. Verificaram-se diferenças significativas (P<0,01) na comparação entre os dois métodos de diagnósticos (nPCR e esfregaço sanguíneo). A concordância ao teste KAPPA obtida foi de 0,41 e 0,48 para A. marginale e Babesia sp., respectivamente. As amostras de carrapatos das seis propriedades analisadas por nPCR foram positivas apenas para A. marginale. Na avaliação dos fatores de risco verificou-se que a presença de carrapato e idade dos animais apresentaram associação significativa (P<0,01) com a frequência de animais infectados por ambos os patógenos analisados por nPCR. Portanto, nas condições estudadas, a nPCR revelou-se uma boa ferramenta para diagnóstico dos agentes do complexo tristeza parasitária bovina (TPB) devido a sensibilidade e especificidade, quando comparado ao esfregaço sanguíneo. O município de Ibicaraí apresenta-se como uma área endêmica para TPB com prevalência comprovada através de nPCR e, A. marginale o principal agente encontrado.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Female , Male , Anaplasmosis/diagnosis , Babesiosis/diagnosis , Cattle Diseases/diagnosis , Anaplasmosis/complications , Anaplasmosis/epidemiology , Brazil , Babesiosis/complications , Babesiosis/epidemiology , Cattle Diseases/epidemiology , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors
6.
Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine ; (6): 63-68, 2014.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-452717

ABSTRACT

Objective To establish a reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction ( RT-nPCR ) assay for detection of tree shrews orthoreovirus (TRV).Methods Three strains of TRV were respectively isolated from fresh feces of three tree shrews that came from the same field at different times .We designed and synthesized two pairs of MRV L1 gene nested primers and established the system of RT-nPCR.The TRV RNA was extracted and reversely transcribed to cDNA as a template for nested-PCR amplification.The developed RT-nPCR was optimized.The specificity and sensitivity were tested.Finally, the RT-nPCR was used to detect TRV in 25 tree shrew samples.Results Taking the genomic RNA of TRV as template, the RT-nPCR was able to amplify a specific fragment band targeting the L 1 gene, while there were no target bands in the normal cell control , ( Wa strain rotavirus , hepatitis A virus , and herpes simplex virus ) .The RNA of TRV was diluted by 1:10 to 1:109 .Each dilution sample was analyzed by the RT-nPCR.The minimum detectable concentration of RNA was 0.01 pg/μL.The results of RT-nPCR detection showed that 4 of the 15 tree shrews were TRV-positive in the survival group , and 10 of 10 tree shrews were TRV-positive in the death group . Conclusions The RT-nRCR assay established in this study is accurate , specific and sensitive .Therefore, it can be used for routine detection of TRV in quality assurance testing .

7.
Ciênc. rural ; 42(8): 1434-1439, ago. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-647770

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a validação de uma reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real com o sistema Plexor® (qPCR) para o diagnóstico da Leucose Enzoótica Bovina (LEB), por meio da comparação com testes de diagnóstico recomendados pela Organização Mundial de Saúde Animal (OIE). A qPCR foi comparada com duas outras técnicas: a PCR nested (nPCR) e a imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA). Das 82 amostras analisadas pela qPCR e nPCR, 79 apresentaram resultados concordantes, sendo a concordância, classificada pelo Índice Kappa, como alta. Entre as PCRs e a IDGA, o número de resultados concordantes foi de 71 e 69, respectivamente, para qPCR e nPCR, sendo a concordância classificada como considerável. A qPCR apresentou altos valores de sensibilidade e especificidade. Os valores preditivos da qPCR observados demonstraram a alta capacidade de classificação dos casos positivos e negativos. A qPCR não foi capaz de detectar três amostras positivas e tem custo ligeiramente superior que a nPCR. Entretanto, a qPCR é uma técnica mais rápida, menos susceptível a contaminações, tem alta sensibilidade, não utiliza e não gera resíduos carcinogênicos. Concluímos que a qPCR pode substituir a nPCR recomendada pela OIE no diagnóstico de rotina em áreas em que a LEB é endêmica, como no Brasil.


The goal of this research was to validate a Plexor® real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) for Enzootic Bovine Leukosis (EBL) diagnosis by comparison with methods recommend by the World Animal Health Organization (OIE). The qPCR was compared with two other techniques: the nested PCR (nPCR) and to the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID). Of 82 qPCR and nPCR analysed samples, 79 presented concordant results, being the concordance classified by Kappa Index as high. Between the PCRs and AGID, the number of concordant results was 71 and 69, out of 82, to qPCR and nPCR, respectively, being the concordance classified as considerable, in both cases. The qPCR presented high specificity and sensitivity values. The observed qPCR negative and positive predictive values show that the qPCR has a high capacity to correctly classify positive and negative results. The qPCR was not able to detect three positive animals and has a lightly higher cost than the nPCR. However, the qPCR its faster, less prone to contamination, has a high sensitivity and does not use or generate carcinogenic residues. We conclude that the qPCR may be used to replace the OIE nPCR technique in routine diagnosis in areas where EBL is endemic, as is the case of Brazil.

8.
Ciênc. rural ; 42(8): 1457-1463, ago. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-647779

ABSTRACT

A Erliquiose canina é uma zoonose causada pela Ehrlichia canis, bactéria Gram negativa de distribuição mundial. Alguns cães com erliquiose se tornam portadores assintomáticos enquanto outros desenvolvem uma doença aguda com morte rápida. A apoptose pode ser importante na eliminação de patógenos intracelulares, podendo, nas infecções por Ehrlichia sp. e Anaplasma sp., ocorrer modulação da apoptose celular para prolongar a sobrevivência desses organismos. Para avaliação do papel da apoptose na erliquiose canina, sete cães foram distribuídos em dois grupos. No Grupo inoculado, realizou-se a infecção por via intravenosa com sangue infectado com E. canis (isolado Jaboticabal), sendo realizada a inoculação com PBS estéril nos animais pertencentes ao Grupo Controle. Semanalmente e até 35 dias pós-inoculação, amostras de sangue foram coletadas e submetidas a n-PCR e reação de imunofluorescência (RIFI) para confirmação da infecção. No 36° dia pós-inoculação, os animais foram eutanasiados, sendo as amostras de baço, linfonodo, rim e fígado coletadas e processadas para as técnicas de TUNEL e imunohistoquímica (Bcl-2, Bax). Verificou-se pela n-PCR que os animais inoculados se tornaram positivos para E. canis a partir da segunda semana. Pela RIFI, verificou-se animais com sorologia positiva a partir da terceira semana pós-inoculação. No grupo controle, todos os testes realizados foram negativos para E. canis. Apesar da reação de TUNEL mostrar maior incidência de apoptose no Grupo Inoculado, sendo o baço e os linfonodos os órgãos que apresentaram maior marcação, os resultados da imunohistoquímica para Bcl-2 e Bax indicam que a via intrínseca de apoptose não é importante nos órgãos analisados.


Some dogs infected with Ehrlichia canis become asymptomatic while others develop an acute illness followed by quick death. Apoptosis may be an important mechanism for elimination of intracellular pathogens. Also, Ehrlichia sp. and Anaplasma sp. can modulate apoptosis to extend their survival. To evaluate the role of apoptosis in canine ehrlichiosis, 7 dogs were assigned into 2 groups, one with 4 animals inoculated intravenously with blood infected with Ehrlichia canis (Jaboticabal isolate) and a control with 3 dogs, inoculated with sterile PBS. Blood samples were collected weekly and 35 days post-inoculation to confirm the infection by nPCR and immunofluorescence. Thirty-six days after inoculation the animals were euthanized and samples from spleen, lymph nodes, kidney and liver were collected to carry out the TUNEL technique and immunohistochemistry (Bcl-2, Bax). Inoculated animals became positive for E. canis by nPCR already in the second week and by immunofluorescence in the third week after inoculation. The control group showed negative for E. canis in all tests. The TUNEL reaction showed a higher incidence of apoptosis in the inoculated group, with stronger labeling in the spleen and lymph nodes. The results of immunohistochemistry for Bcl-2 and Bax suggest that the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis is not important in the analyzed organs.

9.
Ciênc. rural ; 41(4): 699-705, abr. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-585990

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi monitorar a presença de M. hyopneumoniae em granjas suínas durante a implementação de programas de erradicação utilizando diferentes técnicas de diagnóstico focalizando no PCR. Trabalhou-se com uma empresa que possuía três granjas, uma parto-terminação (390 matrizes), uma múltiplo-sítio (4100 matrizes) e uma nova granja que povoava suas novas instalações. Nas duas primeiras, foi desenvolvido um programa de despovoamento parcial para erradicar a pneumonia enzoótica suína, a última foi povoada pelos suínos dos anteriores após a erradicação. Nos três rebanhos, os suínos foram monitorados por: sorologia (ELISA), PCR, lesões pulmonares macro e microscópicas e a presença de tosse não produtiva. A ausência de tosse, a baixa porcentagem de suínos soropositivos na fase de terminação e a baixa proporção de lesões pulmonares no abate sugerem que a pneumonia enzoótica suína foi erradicada, mas não o agente causativo -M. hyopneumoniae- cujo DNA foi detectado pela PCR, mostrando diferentes comportamentos de acordo com o rebanho.


The aim of this study was to monitor the presence of M. hyopneumoniae in pig farms during the implementation of eradication programs using different diagnostic techniques focusing on PCR. They worked with a company owner of three farms, a farrow-to-finish (390 sows), a multiple-site (4100 sows) and a new one that was populated its new facility. In the first two were developed a partial depopulation program to eradicate swine enzootic pneumonia, the latter one was populated with pigs after the previous eradication. In the three farms, the pigs were monitored by: serology (ELISA), PCR, macroscopic and microscopic lung lesions and the presence of non-productive cough. The absence of cough, low percentage of seropositive pigs in the finishing stage and the low proportion of lung lesions at slaughter suggest that swine enzootic pneumonia was eradicated, but not the causative agent -M. hyopneumoniae- whose DNA was detected by PCR showing different behaviors according to the herd.

10.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 63(2): 296-301, abr. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-591118

ABSTRACT

Comparou-se a técnica nested PCR (nPCR) com os testes sorológicos IDGA e ELISA para o diagnóstico da anemia infecciosa equina. Amostras do DNA provenientes das células mononucleares do sangue periférico foram submetidas à amplificação do gene gag pela nPCR, que apresentou valores de sensibilidade e especificidade relativas de 90 por cento e 52,9 por cento, respectivamente, em relação à IDGA, e valores de 85,7 por cento e 49 por cento, respectivamente, em relação ao ELISA. Considerando-se os fatores referentes às limitações de cada técnica, pode ser sugerido o uso da nPCR como teste de diagnóstico complementar para AIE em amostras brasileiras.


The nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) technique was compared to AGID and ELISA serological tests for the diagnosis of Equine Infectious Anemia. DNA samples from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were subjected to the amplification of the gag gene by nPCR, which showed relative sensibility and specificity values of 90.0 percent and 52.9 percent respectively, compared to the AGID and values of 85.7 percent and 49.0 percent, respectively, as compared to ELISA. Considering the factors concerning the limitations of each technique, the use of nPCR can be suggested as a complementary diagnostic test for EIA in Brazilian samples.


Subject(s)
Animals , Equine Infectious Anemia/transmission , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Serology/trends
11.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 19(3): 135-140, July-Sept. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604657

ABSTRACT

Ehrlichiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by gram-negative and intracellular obligatory bacterial organisms. Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis - EGA (formerly Equine Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis, EGE) is a seasonal disease, normally self-limited in horses. There are few reports in Brazil about this ehrlichial agent, as well as its natural vectors. Nowadays, veterinarians are considering the suspicion of EGA in horses with suggestive symptoms of ehrlichiosis and which do not respond to piroplasmosis treatment. The aim of the present study was to identify horses exposed to the agent A. phagocytophilum by serological and molecular techniques. Twenty equine blood and serum samples from the central West region of Brazil were evaluated by microscopic examination of buffy coat smear, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). Additionally, the serodiagnosis of Theileria equi by IFA and ELISA were carried out, as well as molecular diagnosis by nPCR. Thirteen (65 percent) serum samples were positive for A. phagocytophilum by ELISA, but none of them were positive by buffy-coat smear examination or nPCR. Antibodies IgG anti-T. equi were detected in 18 (90 percent) and 17 (85 percent) horses by IFA and ELISA, respectively and the agent was detected in 9 (45 percent) animals by nPCR. Our data may be considered as important information to understanding the occurrence of EGA and equine piroplasmosis in central West Brazil.


A Erliquiose é uma doença zoonótica causada por bactérias gram-negativas e intracelulares obrigatórias. A Anaplasmose Granulocítica Equina - AGE (anteriormente denominada Erliquiose Granulocítica Equina, EGE) é uma enfermidade sazonal, normalmente auto-limitante em equinos. No Brasil, existem poucos relatos deste agente erliquial, bem como de seus vetores naturais. Atualmente, veterinários têm levantado a suspeita de casos de AGE em equinos com sinais clínicos sugestivos de erliquiose e não responsivos ao tratamento para a piroplasmose equina. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar equinos expostos a A. phagocytophilum por meio de técnicas sorológicas e moleculares. Vinte amostras de sangue e soro de equinos da região Centro-oeste do Brasil foram avaliados por meio do exame microscópico de capa leucocitária, ensaio imunoenzimático indireto (ELISA), reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) e reação em cadeia da polimerase (nested PCR). Adicionalmente, o diagnóstico sorológico de Theileria equi pela RIFI e ELISA foram realizados, assim como o diagnóstico molecular pelo nPCR. Treze (65 por cento) amostras de soro foram positivas para A. phagocytophilum pelo teste de ELISA, entretanto nenhum equino foi positivo pelo exame microscópico da capa leucocitária ou nPCR. Anticorpos IgG anti-T. equi foram detectados em 18 (90 por cento) e 17 (85 por cento) equinos pela RIFI e ELISA, respectivamente e o agente foi detectado em 9 (45 por cento) animais pelo nPCR. Estes dados sugerem importante informação para o entendimento da ocorrência da AGE e piroplasmose equina no Centro-oeste do Brasil.


Subject(s)
Animals , Anaplasma/immunology , Anaplasmosis/blood , Anaplasmosis/diagnosis , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Horse Diseases/blood , Horse Diseases/diagnosis , Brazil , Granulocytes , Horses , Serologic Tests
12.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 19(2): 98-102, Apr.-June 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604647

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to compare the detection of Ehrlichia canis morulae and DNA by nPCR in whole blood and spleen aspiration. The sample included 40 dogs showing thrombocytopenia associated to clinical signs suggestive of canine ehrlichiosis. Morulae detection showed that in 35 of the dogs studied, 17 had morulae in spleen tissue, and two in buffy coat smears. E. canis DNA was detected in 29/40 blood samples. We verified that morulae detection is more efficient in cytological preparations from spleen aspiration. On the other hand, nPCR on spleen and blood samples were equally efficient for disease diagnosis.


O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar a pesquisa de mórulas de Ehrlichia canis e a nPCR em sangue total e em aspirado de baço. Selecionaram-se 40 cães apresentando trombocitopenia associada a sinais e sintomas sugestivos de erliquiose canina. A pesquisa de mórula mostrou que dentre 35 amostras, 17 apresentaram mórulas nas preparações do baço, e duas nos esfregaços feitos a partir da papa leucocitária. O DNA de Ehrlichia canis foi detectado em 29 de 40 amostras de baço e em 30 de 40 no sangue. No presente estudo observou-se que a pesquisa de mórula é mais eficiente nas preparações citológicas obtidas da punção aspirativa do baço e que tanto a nPCR de baço quanto a de sangue foram eficientes no diagnóstico da doença.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , DNA, Bacterial/blood , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Ehrlichia canis/genetics , Ehrlichiosis/veterinary , Spleen/microbiology , Dog Diseases/microbiology , Ehrlichiosis/diagnosis , Ehrlichiosis/microbiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Suction
13.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 46(2): 85-90, abr. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-552251

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Recentemente o papilomavírus humano (HPV) tem sido associado à carcinogênese oral. A metodologia empregada na detecção do vírus é uma das maiores causas observadas da grande variabilidade nas taxas de detecção do HPV. Objetivo: Este estudo comparou a sensibilidade de detecção do DNA do HPV em casos de carcinoma epidermoide de lábio utilizando a amplificação do DNA viral por reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) ou nPCR. Material e método: Foram utilizadas 33 amostras provenientes de casos de carcinoma epidermoide de lábio. Para as extrações do DNA utilizou-se o sistema QIAamp DNA Mini Kit. Como controle interno utilizou-se o gene da b-globina. Das 33 amostras iniciais, 30 foram positivas para o gene b-globina, sendo utilizadas para detectar o DNA viral. Comparou-se a amplificação do DNA viral pelos métodos da PCR com os oligonucleotídeos MY09/MY11 e nPCR, empregando-se os pares de oligonucleotídeos iniciadores MY09/MY11 e, na segunda etapa, o par GP5+/GP6+. O controle positivo para a presença do DNA do HPV utilizado foi a linhagem de células HeLa e, como controle negativo, a mistura de amplificação sem DNA. A análise dos produtos de PCR e nPCR para HPV foi realizada por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida a 8 por cento. Resultados: Utilizando-se o método da PCR, a amplificação do DNA do HPV foi constatada em dois casos. Com a nPCR foi verificada presença de DNA viral em 13 das 30 amostras. Conclusão: Com a utilização da nPCR, a detecção do HPV nos casos estudados aumentou mais de seis vezes.


Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been currently associated with oral carcinogesis. The methodology applied in virus detection is one of the main reasons for the great variability observed in HPV detection. Objectives: This study compared HPV DNA detection efficiency in lip squamous cell carcinoma samples (SCC) using viral DNA amplification by PCR or nPCR. Methods: Thirty three samples of lip squamous cell carcinoma were selected. DNA extractions were performed with QIAamp DNA minikit. The internal control was b-globin gene. Thirty out of 33 initial samples were positive for b-globin gene, which were employed to detect viral DNA. The amplification of viral DNA was compared by PCR method through MY09/MY11 oligonucleotides and nPCR through MY09/MY11 oligonucleotides in the first stage and GP5+/GP6+ in the second stage. HeLa cells were used as positive control for HPV DNA presence and the amplification mixture without DNA as negative control. The analysis of PCR and nPCR products for HPV DNA was performed through gel electrophoresis in polyacrylamide at 8 percent. Results: HPV DNA amplification was verified in two cases by the use of PCR method. HPV DNA presence was verified in 13 out of 30 samples by the use of nPCR. Conclusion: HPV DNA detection of lip SCC increased sixfold in the studied cases with the employment of nPCR.


Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , DNA, Viral/isolation & purification , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mouth Neoplasms/genetics , Papillomaviridae/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis
14.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 18(supl.1): 58-62, out.-dez. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-624831

ABSTRACT

Os sinais clínicos das infecções por Ehrlichia canis e Anaplasma platys são similares, e o diagnóstico desses patógenos feito por esfregaços sanguíneos corados é difícil devido à sensibilidade e especificidade. Por outro lado, os diagnósticos moleculares são altamente sensíveis e específicos, e nested-PCRs têm sido otimizadas para o diagnóstico preciso desses patógenos em cães. Em um Hospital Veterinário Escola, amostras de sangue total com EDTA foram obtidas de 100 cães, e esfregaços foram feitos das amostras de sangue para busca dos parasitos intracelulares. Para cada amostra, DNA foi extraído e submetido à nPCR para detecção de E. canis e A. platys. Os resultados dos esfregaços sanguíneos mostraram que 9% dos animais foram positivos para E. canis e 21% para A. platys. Com relação à nPCR, 57 e 55% dos cães foram positivos para E. canis e A. platys, respectivamente. Quando comparados com a nPCR, os esfregaços sanguíneos corados revelaram resultados falso-negativos para E. canis e A. platys. Os resultados indicam que a nPCR é altamente sensível e específica para detecção de ambos os patógenos, e os diagnósticos moleculares podem ser mais úteis nos Hospitais Veterinários.


The clinical signs of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys infection are similar, and the diagnosis of these pathogens made by stained blood smears is poor due sensibility and specificity. On the other hand, the molecular diagnosis is highly sensitive and specific and nested-PCR have been optimized for accurate diagnosis these pathogens in dogs. At the veterinary teaching hospital, whole-blood samples with EDTA were obtained from 100 dogs and smears were made from blood samples for evaluation for intracellular parasites. For each sample, DNA was extracted and submitted to nPCR analysis for detection of E. canis and A. platys. The results of stained blood smears showed 9% of the animals were positive for E. canis and 21% for A. platys. Regarding of nPCR analysis, 57 and 55% of dogs were positive for E. canis and A. platys respectively. As compared to a nested PCR, the stained blood smears revealed false-negative results for both E. canis and A. platys. The results indicate that the nPCR is highly sensitive and specific for detection of both pathogens and the molecular diagnosis could be more useful at veterinary hospital.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Male , Anaplasma/isolation & purification , Anaplasmosis/blood , Anaplasmosis/diagnosis , Ehrlichia canis/isolation & purification , Ehrlichiosis/blood , Ehrlichiosis/diagnosis , Polymerase Chain Reaction
15.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1487742

ABSTRACT

The clinical signs of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys infection are similar, and the diagnosis of these pathogens made by stained blood smears is poor due sensibility and specificity. On the other hand, the molecular diagnosis is highly sensitive and specific and nested-PCR have been optimized for accurate diagnosis these pathogens in dogs. At the veterinary teaching hospital, whole-blood samples with EDTA were obtained from 100 dogs and smears were made from blood samples for evaluation for intracellular parasites. For each sample, DNA was extracted and submitted to nPCR analysis for detection of E. canis and A. platys. The results of stained blood smears showed 9% of the animals were positive for E. canis and 21% for A. platys. Regarding of nPCR analysis, 57 and 55% of dogs were positive for E. canis and A. platys respectively. As compared to a nested PCR, the stained blood smears revealed false-negative results for both E. canis and A. platys. The results indicate that the nPCR is highly sensitive and specific for detection of both pathogens and the molecular diagnosis could be more useful at veterinary hospital.


Os sinais clínicos das infecções por Ehrlichia canis e Anaplasma platys são similares, e o diagnóstico desses patógenos feito por esfregaços sanguíneos corados é difícil devido à sensibilidade e especificidade. Por outro lado, os diagnósticos moleculares são altamente sensíveis e específicos, e nested-PCRs têm sido otimizadas para o diagnóstico preciso desses patógenos em cães. Em um Hospital Veterinário Escola, amostras de sangue total com EDTA foram obtidas de 100 cães, e esfregaços foram feitos das amostras de sangue para busca dos parasitos intracelulares. Para cada amostra, DNA foi extraído e submetido à nPCR para detecção de E. canis e A. platys. Os resultados dos esfregaços sanguíneos mostraram que 9% dos animais foram positivos para E. canis e 21% para A. platys. Com relação à nPCR, 57 e 55% dos cães foram positivos para E. canis e A. platys, respectivamente. Quando comparados com a nPCR, os esfregaços sanguíneos corados revelaram resultados falso-negativos para E. canis e A. platys. Os resultados indicam que a nPCR é altamente sensível e específica para detecção de ambos os patógenos, e os diagnósticos moleculares podem ser mais úteis nos Hospitais Veterinários.

16.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 12(1-3): 1-3, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1491285

ABSTRACT

A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), uma nested-PCR (nPCR) um teste imunoenzimático (ELISA) e a imunodifusão emgel de agar (IDGA) foram utilizados para identificar bovinos Pantaneiros naturalmente infectados pelo vírus da leucemia bovina(BLV), e os resultados dos quatro testes comparados. A concordância entre os testes foi de 86,2%, 70,0% e 62,5%, respectivamentepara ELISA/IDGA, IDGA/PCR e ELISA/PCR. A nPCR amplificou DNA proviral de 12 amostras negativas à PCR e de quatrobovinos com resultados negativos em testes sorológicos; entretanto, não amplificou o DNA proviral de quatro amostras debovinos soropositivos.

17.
Korean Journal of Nephrology ; : 654-662, 2001.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-116367

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Malnutrition is common in CAPD patients and depends on many factors such as dialysis-related and nondialysis-related factors. The present study aimed to assess nutritional status, dialysis adequacy and their relationships with overall mortality and morbidity. METHODS: We studied 102 patients who had been receiving CAPD for at least 6 months. Dialysis adequacy was assessed by parameters derived from urea kinetic modeling(UKM) and nutritional status was assessed by serum biochemical measurement, normalized protein catabolic rate(nPCR), normalized protein equvalent of total nitrogen appearance(nPNA) and urea kinetic studies. Spearman's simple correlation and multiple linear stepwise regression analysis were used to assess correlation between dialysis adequacy and nutritional status in CAPD patients. We compared the differences between patients who suf fered morbid events, defined as either an infectious complication or hospitalization, and patients who remained well. RESULTS: The results showed that the total dialysis dose(total weekly Kt/Vurea) has statistically significant correlation with nPCR(r=0.234, p=0.028), nPNA (r=0.246, p=0.021), total weekly creatinine clearance (WCC)(r=0.479, p=0.0001), serum albumin levels(r= 0.233, p=0.029), serum cholesterol(r=0.266, p=0.013), serum BUN(r=-0.290, p=0.006) and serum creatinine levels(r=-0.408, p=0.0001). nPNA was positively correlated with serum cholesterol(r=0.217, p=0.045), serum transferrin(r=0.218, p=0.042) and serum ferritin levels(r=0.220, p=0.043). Patients who suffered morbid events had an old age(p=0.001), long duration of CAPD(p=0.0001), higher CRP(p=0.021), lower serum albumin level(p=0.020), lower hematocrit(p=0.049) and lower WCC(p=0.017). Conclusions : These results indicate that adequate dialysis is very important for the maintenance of adequant nutrition because nutritional status positively correlated with dialysis dose, which is best assessed by UKM. In addition, assessment of nutritional status and dialysis adequacy are important in predicting clinical outcomes in CAPD patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Creatinine , Dialysis , Ferritins , Hospitalization , Malnutrition , Mortality , Nitrogen , Nutritional Status , Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory , Serum Albumin , Urea
18.
Korean Journal of Nephrology ; : 270-276, 1999.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-16424

ABSTRACT

Metabolic acidosis is a well-recognized complication of chronic hemodialyzed patients. The metabolic acidosis in stable hemodialyzed patients is mainly resulted from the consequences of the inability to excrete nonvolatile acid and the patients daily protein intake. So severe metabolic acidosis in patients on hemodialysis is known as an independent determinant of protein catabolic rate and high mortality rate but the moderate degree of metabolic acidosis in stable patients on maintenace hemodialysis can be explained by the patients nutritional status. On the other hand, patients having adequate daily protein intake could have lower total CO2 levels than those of patients having inadequately lower daily protein intake. To identify this relationship, we analyzed correlations between pre-hemodialysis total CO2 and various factors reflecting the patient's nutritional status in 37 patients on stable hemodialysis. The total CO2 was ranged from 15.6 to 26.5mMol/L. Among various factors, total CO2 had negative linear correlation with normalized protein catabolic rate(nPCR) reflecting the patient's daily protein intake indirectly(Y= -0.0371X+1.75, r=-0.1319, P=0.014). Moreover, metabolic acidosis having CO2 lower than 18mMol/L may modulate protein kinetics as showing steeper slope than those of more than 18mMol/L(Y=-0.1321 X +3.342, r2=0.1074 vs Y=-0.03373X+1.7543 r2=0.1001, P=0.0001). However other factors including serum albumin, body mass index, pre-hemodialysis BUN, and Kt/V, had no correlation with the total CO2. The result suggested that moderately lower pre- hemodialysis total CO2 ranging from 18 to 26.5 mMol/L was usually resulted from the high intake of the patient's daily protein intake and should be of no concern in stable patients on maintenance hemodialysis and it may use as a parameter of nutritional status. However metabolic acidosis having CO2 lower than 18mMol/L may modulate protein-kinetics, which may make the protein catabolic rate increased and can not reflect the patient's nutritional status. But it should be recommended that further studies should be needed to confirm this factor.


Subject(s)
Humans , Acidosis , Body Mass Index , Hand , Kinetics , Mortality , Nutritional Status , Renal Dialysis , Serum Albumin
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