ABSTRACT
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)is an important treatment of various hematological diseases,and urinary system injury is one of the common complications after HSCT,including acute renal damage,chronic kidney disease,nephrotic syndrome after transplantation,transplantation associated thrombotic microangiopathy,urinary tract infection,hemorrhagic cystitis,etc.The etiology includes three aspects:prerenal,renal and postrenal.Various factors have interactions with each other.The clinical manifestations,treatment and prognosis are different due to the disease types and severity.Renal biopsy is of great significance for the etiological analysis,therapeutic guide and prognostic vaule.This article reviews the common complications and mechanisms of urinary system after HSCT in children.