Reliability and validity of the Mizo-version of neck disability index for non-specific neck pain in the rural North-East Indian population

Background: The Neck Disability Index (NDI) is an important self-assessment tool used extensively worldwide, in clinical practice with implications into scientific research fields. It is used to assess the extent of pain and levels of functional disability associated with neck pain. The NDI consists of 10 items where each item was scored from a scale of 0 to 5 giving the maximum score possible to 50. Though proven to be a reliable instrument in the English-speaking population, the NDI has never been validated and culturally adapted in the Mizo language among the rural north-east Indian region where English is not spoken as means of communication. The aim is to translate and cross culturally adapt the NDI into Mizo tawng (official language of Mizoram) with the objective of establishing reliability and validity of the M-NDI in patients with non-specific neck pain.Methods: A total of 49 subjects participated voluntarily from the rural primary health care, Lunglei district, Mizoram. Subject having chronic non-specific neck pain lasting more than 3 months were included after taking a written formal consent.Results: The internal consistency determined by Cronbach alpha, and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) using the test-retest reliability showed a good and an excellent reliability respectively (α=0.82, ICC=0.97, 95% CI= 0.95-0.98). Construct validity was determined between the variables-Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and NDI by Pearson’s correlation coefficient and found to have a good correlation r=0.89 and significant difference at p<0.001.Conclusions: The study results concluded the Mizo version of NDI to be easy to understand, reliable and valid instrument for measuring disability and functional limitations of daily activities in non-specific neck pain in the Mizo speaking population.

Effectiveness Of Snag Mobilization On Computer Professionals With Mechanical Neck Pain And Mobility Deficit

Background: There is limited evidence available which support that SNAG Mobilization (manual therapy) can be used as an intervention in the management of mechanical Neck Pain. Study Design: experimental study design & 20 to 50 years of age, both male and female. Methods: Patients diagnosed with computer professionals with mechanical Neck Pain and mobility deficit underwent a standard evaluation including the Neck disability Index (NDI), and active Neck range of motion (ANROM). 100 patients were randomly divided in two groups, to be treated with either Conventional therapy or Manual therapy approach. Outcomes of treatment were captured on the 1st day and after 6th week of the treatment session. Results: The data was analysed using sample ‘t’ test In this study after administration of exercises, the Neck Disability index of computer professionals of both the groups, A and B were improved. But, Better Disability index experienced by computer professionals of group B than computer professionals of group A. Overall, the pain status was found to be different after administration of exercises in groups. At post intervention, the mean difference in Neck Disability index among computer professionals between group A and group B were statistically highly significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: In this study the result showed that the computer professionals intervened with sustained natural apophyseal glide mobilization(SNAG’S)with conservative treatment is better and more improved in angles of neck flexion and extension, lateral rotation, bending at right and left sides and neck disability index, than computer professionals treated with conservative treatment alone.

Functional Outcome Of Anterior Cervical Decompression And Fusion Surgery In Cervical Compressive Diseases:A 6 Months Follow Up

Background: Neck pain with radiculopathy and neurodeficit is a common problem in working population. Methods: 50 patients underwent ACDF with C5-C6 the commonest level to be affected. The cases were analyzed preoperatively and at 3 months, 6 months using NDI and VAS. Decrease in pre operative and 1 year post operative VAS score, Preoperative and postoperative NDI was statistically significant.Conclusion: Symptoms of neck pain, tingling, and weakness reduced after 1 year follow up. Discussion: From our study, it is evident that there is significant decrease in parameters like neck pain, tingling and radiculopathy postoperatively also there was significant decrease in NDI at 6 months follow-up.

A Correlation Study on Pain, Range of Motion of Neck, Neck Disability Index and Grip Strength after Thoracic Manipulation and Cervical Stabilization Training in Chronic Neck Pain

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among pain, range of motion of the neck, neck disability index and grip strength after thoracic manipulation and cervical stabilization training in patients with chronic neck pain. METHODS: In this study, twelve subjects with chronic neck pain were included. All participants had thoracic manipulation and cervical stabilization training. Intervention was conducted three times per a week, for 4 weeks. The visual analogue scale (VAS), range of motion of neck, neck disability index (NDI), as well as the grip strength before and after intervention were measured in all participants. Paired ttest was used to compare variables before and after intervention. Pearson correlation analysis was used to identify the correlations between the variables. RESULTS: All variables after the intervention were significantly improved. There was a significant negative correlation between VAS and flexion angle of the neck (r=−0.669, p<0.05). Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between NDI and VAS (r=0.636, p<0.05), and a significant negative correlation between NDI and flexion angle of the neck (r=−0.692, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with reduced pain following therapeutic intervention illustrated that there would be an improvement in the flexion angle rather than the extension angle of the neck, and that those with increased flexion angle would have less restriction of activities in daily living.

Effects of the Neck Stabilization Exercises with Vibratory Stimulation on the Neck Disability Index and Thickness of Deep Neck Flexor in Neck Pain Patient

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of neck stabilization exercises with vibratory stimulation on the neck disability index and thickness of the deep neck flexor. METHODS: Thirty subjects (control group=15, experimental group=15) with mild neck pain were enrolled in the study. The control group underwent craniocervical flexion exercise (control group, CG) and the experimental group was given craniocervical flexion exercise with vibratory stimulus (experimental group, EG) (3 sets, 3 times per week for 6 weeks). To examine the effects of exercise, the subjects were evaluated using the neck disability index (NDI), the thickness of the deep neck flexor muscle, and muscle strength. An independent and paired t-test were used to compare the effects of the exercise between the groups. RESULTS: The NDI score of the two groups increased significantly after 6 weeks of treatment (p < 0.001) and there was a significant difference between the EG group at 3 weeks (p < 0.05) and 6 weeks (p < 0.01). The thickness of the deep neck flexor in the CG group increased significantly after 6 weeks of treatment in all pressure stages (p < 0.001). The EG group showed a significant increase after 3 and 6 weeks of treatment in all pressure stage (p < 0.001), and 22 mmHg, a significant difference between 3 and 6 weeks (p < 0.05) and among 24, 28, and 30 mmHg at 6 weeks (p < 0.05). The maximum muscle strength of the deep neck flexion muscles increased significantly in the two groups after 6 weeks of treatment (p < 0.001) and there was significant difference between the EG group at 6 weeks (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Craniocervical flexion exercise with vibratory stimulus decreases the NDI, and increases the thickness of the deep neck flexor and maximum muscle strength of the deep neck flexion muscles in patients with mild neck pain.

Effect of Tuina Combined with Traditional Chinese Exercise on Nonspecific Chronic Neck Pain / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To explore the effect of Tuina combined with Traditional Chinese exercise (TCE) on nonspecific chronic neck pain (NCNP). Methods 80 eligible patients were recruited in our hospital from October, 2014 to October, 2015. They were randomized to observation group (n=40) and control group (n=40). The observation group received Tuina combined with TCE, and the control group re-ceived intermittent cervical traction, 5 times a week for 2 weeks. They were assessed with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Neck Disability Index (NDI) before, immediately after intervention, and at 1 month follow-up. Results 77 patients completed the treatment and follow-up. The scores of VAS and NDI significantly decreased after a 2-week intervention (t>9.330, P8.338, P<0.01). The NDI score was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group at 1-month follow-up (F=9.053, P=0.004). Conclusion Tuina combined with TCE could relieve pain and improve cervical function in patients with NCNP, which was superior to inter-mittent cervical traction.

Prediction of Outcome of Operation for Cervicalspondylotic Radiculopathy with Somatosensory Evoked Potentials / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To evaluate the neurological function of cervicalspondylotic radiculopathy by somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) and provide an objective basis for selecting the best operation occasion. Methods 60 patients with C6 and C7 radiculopathies were divided into 3 groups according to the results of SEP: normal group (n=22), mildly abnormal group (n=30) and severely abnormal group (n=8). All the patients underwent anterior cervical decompression and fusion. They were assessed with Neck Disability Index (NDI) before and after treatment. Results The postoperative NDI scores of all the groups improved significantly (P<0.001), especially in the normal group.Conclusion SEP, which can reflect the severity of cervicalspondylotic radiculopathy objectively and predict prognosis.

Resultados tempranos de la artroplastía cervical utilizando Prodisc-C / Early results of cervical artroplasty with Prodisc-C

Introducción. La utilización del disco artificial cervical (artroplastía) es una técnica relativamente nueva, que se presenta como una alternativa a la ya clásica cirugía de discectomía y fusión que se usa para las lesiones degenerativas de la columna cervical subaxial. El desarrollo de esta técnica obedece a la necesidad de encontrar un diseño que permita reproducir de manera fisiológica la función del disco intervertebral. Material y Método. Entre los meses de julio de 2005 y junio de 2007, en el Servicio deNeurocirugía de la Clínica Güemes de Luján, se realizaron 35 artroplastías cervicales en 27 pacientes. La edad promedio fue de 43,4 años, con un rango entre el paciente más joven 28 años y 54 el mayor. Los pacientes fueron evaluados en el preoperatorio y a los 45 días, 3, 6 y 12 meses Resultados. Observamos una gran mejoría tanto con la evaluación del cuestionario Neck Disability Index (NDI) en los primeros controles como con la escala analógica visual (VAS). Esta mejoría, si bien se mantuvo hasta gran parte de nuestra etapa de control, al año mostró un ligero aumento de la sintomatología, pero sin salir de los parámetros que consideramos como satisfactorios. Conclusión. Para pacientes jóvenes con historia de dolor cervical y/o radicular de 3 meses de evolución o más, el empleo del ProDisc- C, por sus beneficios, se presenta como una excelente opción para el tratamiento de la hernia de disco cervical.

Introduction. The use of an artificial cervical disc is a new technique that can replace the classical discectomy and fusion for lesion in the lower cervical spine. The purpose of this design is to reproduce the function of the intervertebral disc. Method. Between July 2004 and June 2007, 35 cervical arthroplasties were performed at Clinica Guemes, Lujan. 27 patients underwent a single or double disc replacement. The average age was 4A��3.4 years (range 28-54). The patients were evaluated 45, 90, 180 and 365 days after surgery. The patients were evaluated using Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Visual Analogic Scale (VAS). Results. A steady improvement could be observed in all patients tested by both scales. Conclusion. The use of ProDisc-C in young patients appear to be an excellent option for the treatment of cervical disc herniation.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Korean Version of the Neck Disability Index / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: To translate and culturally adapt a Korean version of the Neck Disability Index (NDI), as well as to validate its use in Korean patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The NDI was linguistically translated into Korean and the prefinal version was assessed and modified by a pilot study. The Korean version was tested on 60 patients with degenerative cervical spine disease to verify the reliability and validity. The test-retest reliability, internal consistency, concurrent validity, and construct validity were examined by a comparison with the VAS and SF-36. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficient of test-retest reliability was 0.927. The reliability estimated by the internal consistency reached a Cronbach's alpha of 0.82. The correlation of the NDI with VAS was r=0.489 (p=0.002) and correlation between NDI and SF-36 was r=-0.44 (p<0.01). The physical health component score of SF-36 showed a high correlation with the NDI as well as a high correlation between VAS and mental health component scores of SF-36. CONCLUSION: The Korean version of the NDI is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the disability in Korean patient with cervical problems and can be useful in future clinical studies in Korea.

The relationship of neck/shoulder pain and disability and sEMG / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To explore the relationship of neck pain,neck disability index(NDI),and surface eleetromyography(sEMG)in subjects with work-related neck and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders.Methods Fifry-five patients with neck and shoulder pain participated in this study.VAS and NDl were used to evaluate the degree of pain and disability of the patients.The signals of maximum voluntary contraction(MVC)and typing status were recorded using the sEMG recording techniques.The amplitude of typing status was used to normalize the amplitude of MVC of each side of both neck and shoulders and the amplitude probability distribution function(APDF)of 50%MVC was calculated.Then.the relationship of VAS,NDI and the APDF values of each side of both neck and shouIders were compared.Results VAS was correlated to the NDI(P<0.01)and the APDF of 50%MVC and the later had significant differences according to different degrees of pain[mild to moderate pain(VAS<7)versus severe pain(VAS ≥7)];NDI had no relationship with the APDF of 50%MVC and the later had no significant differences according to different degrees of NDI[mild to moderate(NDI<25)versus severe pain(NDI≥25)].Conclusion VAS was correlated to the APDF of 50%MVC and the later had significant differences according to different degrees of pain:but NDI had no relationship with the APDF of 50%MVC.