Efectos de la necesidad cierre cognitivo en los estilos decisorios: un abordaje exploratorio

Resumen Los estilos decisorios se refieren a patrones cognitivos habituales que utilizan los sujetos en tareas decisorias cuando procesan la información. Recientes investigaciones han referido el rol que cumple la motivación epistémica de la Necesidad de Cierre Cognitivo en el procesamiento de la información. Esta influencia puede generar un procesamiento sesgado afectando la toma de decisiones. Esto se debe a que la NCC trae dos consecuencias en el procesamiento de la información. La primera es la Urgencia donde los individuos tienden a una búsqueda generalizada de la información generando mayores hipótesis hasta superar el umbral cognitivo. La segunda refiere a la Permanencia donde una vez superado el umbral, la información se cristaliza y se extrapola a otras áreas. El presente estudio exploratorio, tuvo como objetivo explorar la relación entre la Necesidad Cierre Cognitivo y los Estilos decisorios. Para ello, se tomó muestra de 378 individuos residentes en Ciudad de Buenos Aires y Gran Buenos Aires. Se utilizaron para evaluar las variables el Test Revisado de Necesidad de cierre cognitivo (TR NCC) y la escala de Estilos Decisorios (ED).Los resultados indican que si bien no existe una relación contundente entre ambas variables, este abordaje exploratorio debe seguir siendo explorado en futuras investigaciones.

Abstract Decisional styles refer to habitual cognitive patterns used by subjects in decision-making tasks when they process the information. Recent research has referred to the role played by the epistemic motivation of the Need for Cognitive Closure in information processing. This influence can generate a biased processing affecting decision making. This is because NCC brings two consequences in information processing. The first one is the Urgency where individuals tend to a generalized search for information generating more hypotheses until the cognitive threshold is exceeded. The second refers to Permanence, where once the threshold is surpassed, the information crystallizes and is extrapolated to other areas. The present exploratory study aimed to explore the relationship between the Need for Cognitive Closure and Decision Styles. For this purpose, a sample of 378 individuals residing in the City of Buenos Aires and Greater Buenos Aires was taken. The Revised Test of Need for Cognitive Closure (TR-NCC) and the Decision-Making Styles (DE) scale were used to assess the variables. The results indicate that although there is no strong relationship between the two variables, this exploratory approach should be further explored in future research.

La evaluación del perdón, los modos regulatorios y la necesidad de cierre cognitivo: construyendo una agenda de investigación / Assessment of forgiveness, regulatory modes, and the need for cognitive closure: developing a research agenda

El perdón comenzó a ser estudiado por la psicología a fines del siglo XX intentando vislumbrar que factores psicológicos influyen en el mismo. En los últimos años, se comenzó a estudiar el papel de dos factores motivacionales como son: los modos regulatorios y la necesidad de cierre cognitivo. Por un lado, la teoría del modo regulatorio describe cómo las personas abordan las situaciones cuando desean alcanzar una meta. Por otro lado, la necesidad de cierre cognitivo es la tendencia humana de buscar certeza epistémica como modo de evitar la incertidumbre. Si bien, recientemente comenzaron a emerger una serie de estudios acerca del papel que juegan ambas variables en el perdón, aún no contamos en nuestro contexto y en nuestro idioma con estudios al respecto. La presente investigación estudiará la influencia de estas variables sobre el perdón con el objetivo de desarrollar ulteriores líneas de investigación en nuestro contexto(AU)

Forgiveness began to be studied by psychology in the late twentieth century trying to glimpse what psychological factors influence it. In recent years, the role of two motivational factors such as regulatory modes and the need for cognitive closure began to be studied. On the one hand, regulatory mode theory describes how people approach situations when they want to achieve a goal. On the other hand, the need for cognitive closure is the human tendency to seek epistemic certainty as a way to avoid uncertainty. Although a series of studies recently began to emerge on the role that both variables play in forgiveness, we do not yet have studies on this in our context and in our language. The present research will study the influence of these variables on forgiveness with the aim of developed further lines of investigation in our context(AU)

Study on the correlation between the need for cognitive closure and the way of coping with the ;disease in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the correlation between the need for cognitive closure and the way of coping with the disease in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis. Methods 217 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis were questionnaired by the Need for Cognitive Closure Scale and the Medical Coping Style Questionnaire (Chinese version). Results The total score of need for cognitive closure in separation and conversion disorder patients was (217.65 ± 31.23) points. The scores of face, yield and avoidance in the coping style were respectively (18.87±2.49) points,(13.21±1.53) points and (17.63±2.27) points. The score of face was significantly negatively correlated with the total score and all dimension scores of the need for cognitive closure(r=-0.421,-0.387,-0.405, P<0.05);the scores of yield and avoidance were positively correlated with the total score and all dimension scores of the need for cognitive closure (r=0.343-0.432, P<0.05). There were significant difference of the way of coping with the disease in the patients with different family income, payment method, course of disease (t=-3.080-3.490, P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed need for cognitive closure was influencing factor of way of coping with the disease in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis. Conclusions The level of need for cognitive closure is in the high level in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis, and influencing the way of coping with the disease.

Propiedades psicométricas del Test Revisado de Necesidad de Cierre Cognitivo (TR-NCC) en una muestra de estudiantes de la Universidad de Buenos Aires / Exploratory study on the assessment of the need for cognitive closure (NCC) in a sample of university students from the City of Buenos Aires

Webster y Kruglanski (1994) desarrollaron el constructo de necesidad de cierre cognitivo para explicar tanto los aspectos motivacionales de la toma de decisiones como la interfaz entre las propiedades cognitivas y motivacionales del individuo en el proceso de adquisición de conocimiento y de creencias. Así, este concepto se refiere a la motivación de las personas por buscar y mantener una respuesta definitiva ante un problema determinado, como algo opuesto a la confusión, la ambigüedad y/o la incertidumbre. Para evaluar las diferencias individuales en este constructo los autores elaboraron la escala de Necesidad de cierre cognitivo (NCC), cuya formulación original presentaba una estructura factorial unidimensional. Sin embargo, trabajos posteriores (Neuberg, Judice & West, 1997; Kruglanski & Pierro, 2005) han señalado la presencia de una estructura bifactorial para el estudio del constructo: Tendencia a la urgencia (Seizing) y Tendencia a la permanencia (Freeizing). Con el objetivo de estudiar la posible bidimensionalidad de la escala, Kruglanski y Pierro (2005) desarrollaron el Test Revisado de NCC (TR-NCC). El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo principal estudiar las propiedades psicométricas de esta escala en el contexto argentino. Para tal fin se trabajó con una muestra de tipo intencional, no probabilística, compuesta por estudiantes universitarios de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (N = 350), de diferente sexo y edad. Los resultados indican adecuadas propiedades psicométricas de los ítems en nuestro contexto.

Webster and Kruglanski (1994) developed the construct of need for cognitive closure to explain both the motivational aspects of decision-making as the interface between cognitive and motivational properties of the individual in the process of knowledge acquisition and belief. Thus, this concept refers to the motivation of people to seek and maintain a definitive answer to a particular problem, as opposed to confusion, ambiguity and / or uncertainty. To assess individual differences in this construct the authors developed the scale of need for cognitive closure (NCC), whose original formulation had a unidimensional structure. However, subsequent work (Neuberg, Judice & West, 1997; Kruglanski & Pierro, 2005) have pointed out the presence of a two-factor structure for the study of the construct: Seizing and Freeizing. In order to study the possible bidimensionality of the scale, Pierro and Kruglanski (2005) developed the NCC Test Revised (NCC-TR). This study\'s main objective was to study the psychometric properties of this scale in the Argentine context. To this end, we worked with a non-probabilistic and intentional sample composed of university students from the City of Buenos Aires (N = 350), of different sex and age. The results show adequate psychometric properties of the items in our context.

The influence of need for cognitive closure on academic performance,interpersonal relationships and subjective well-being of undergraduates / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the influence of need for cognitive closure on academic performance,interpersonal relationships and subjective well-being of undergraduates.Methods 250 undergraduates from Xinxiang Medical University and 200 undergraduates from Henan Normal University were tested by questionnaires,including of need for cognitive closure scale,interpersonal relationships subscale of SCL-90 and undergraduates＇subjective well-being scale.Results ①The scores in the need for cognitive closure of the better academic-performance undergraduates were significant higher than those of the undergraduates with no better academic-performance ( t =2.21,P ＜ 0.05 ).②Decisiveness of need for cognitive closure was a negative predicator of interpersonal relationships(β =-0.34,P ＜ 0.01 ).③Need for cognitive closure,decisiveness and need for structure factor were significant positive predicators of self-satisfaction,life satisfaction,social behavior,and energy factors in undergraduates＇subjective well-being (β =0.13 ～ 0.32,P ＜ 0.01 ).Need for cognitive closure was a significant predicator of negative emotions and positive emotions (β =-0.13,β =0.13,P ＜ 0.01 ).Decisiveness-factor was a negative predicator of negative emotions and interpersonal relationships in undergraduates＇subjective well-being,and was a positive predicator of family satisfaction(β =-0.22,β =-0.19,β =0.26,P＜0.01 ).Need for structure factor was a significant positive predicator of positive emotions (β =0.13,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Need for cognitive closure has some influence on undergraduates' academic performance,interpersonal relationships and subjective well-being.