Research progress in effects of ionizing radiation on the heart / 中国辐射卫生

@#It has been recognized that long-term exposure of the heart to high-dose ionizing radiation can result in cardiac injury. Nevertheless, recent epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies have demonstrated that exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation may also cause cardiovascular injury via various mechanisms. This article reviews the cardiac injury and potential cardiovascular risk caused by ionizing radiation, summarizes the currently available non-invasive approaches used for detecting radiation-induced cardiac injury, and proposes interventions to prevent and alleviate it, with the hope of providing a reference for early identification and interventions for radiation-induced cardiac injury.

The moderating and mediating role of social support in the relationship between Caregiver Burden and Negative Affect in Caregivers of cancer patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the moderating and mediating role of social support in the relationship between caregiver burden and Negative Affect in Caregivers of cancer patients. Methods A total of 407 caregivers of cancer patients in tertiary hospital in Xinjiang were recruited by cross-sectional survey method. Caregives were investigated using Caregiver Burden Scale for Cancer patients, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, theSocialSupport Rating Scale. Results Social support mediated the relationships between caregiver burden andnegative effect, which accounted for 6.41％ of the total variance. The interactive effects of caregiver burden× social support on thenegative affect was significant(β=0.003, t=2.782, P<0.01). Conclusions Social support plays a mediatingand moderating role on the relationships between caregiver burden and negative effect.

Effect of fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-dominant negative strategy on alkaline phosphatase activity of bone marrow stromal cells after osteogenic induction / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To explore the effect of fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-dominant negative strategy (FGFR1-DN) on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) after osteogenic induction.Methods BMSCs were transfected with eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA 3.1 (+)-DN FGFR1 and pcDNA3.1 (+)-FGFR1.The experiment was conducted in 4 groups:FGFR1-DN transfection group,FGFR1 transfection group,pcDNA3.1(+) empty vector transfection group and non-transfection group.The ALP activity of BMSCs was detected in logarithmic growth phase after osteogenic culture.The qualitative detection of ALP activity was carried out immunohistochemically while the quantitative detection by cALP kit.The ALP activity was compared between the 4 groups at 7 and 14 days after osteogenic induction.Results Compared with 7 days,the ALP activity at 14 days was significantly increased in the 4 groups,and the increase in FGFR1-DN transfection group was significantly higher than in the other 3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).At both 7 and 14 days,the ALP activity in FGFR1-DN transfection group was the highest while that in FGFR1 transfection group was the lowest (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions FGFR1-DN can promote the ALP activity of BMSCs during osteogenesis.This may provide an experimental basis for the joint application of local gene therapy and tissue engineering and for construction of tissue engineered bone with better biocompatibility.

Functional properties of phytate / Propriedades funcionais do fitato

Phytate [myo-inositol (1,2,3,4,5,6) hexakisphosphate], a naturally compound formed during maturation of plant seeds and grains, is a common constituent of plant-derived foods. The major concern about the presence of phytate in thediet is its negative effect on mineral uptake. Minerals of concern in this regardin clude Zn2+, Fe2+/3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, and Cu2+. Especially zinc and iron deficiencies were reported as a consequence of high phytate intakes. In addition, a negative effect on the nutritional value of protein by dietary phytate is discussed. Consumption of phytate, however, seems not to have only negative effects on human health. Dietary phytate was reported to prevent kidney stone formation, protect against diabetes mellitus, caries, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease as well as against a variety of cancers. Furthermore, individual myo-inositol phosphate esters have been proposed to be metabolicall y active. D-myo-inositol(1,2,6)trisphosphate, for example, has been studied in respect to prevention of diabetes complications and treatment of chronic inflammations as well as cardiovascular diseases and due to its antiangiogenic and antitumour effects myo-inositol(1,3,4,5,6) pentakisphosphate was suggested as a promising compound for anticancer therapeutic strategies

El fitato, (1,2,3,4,5,6) hexafosfato de mio-inositol, compuesto que se forma naturalmente durante la maduración de las semillas ygranos, es un constituyente común de los alimentos vegetales. La mayor preocupación con la presencia de fitato es su efecto negativo en la absorción de minerales, particularmente Zn2+, Fe2+/3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, e Cu2+.Las deficiencias de zinc y hierro, fueron relacionadas con altas ingestas de fitato. Es discutido también su efecto negativo en el valor biológico de las proteínas. Sin embargo, el consumo de fitato parece no tener solamente efectos negativos para la salud humana. Fue descripto, por ejemplo, un efecto protector del fitato contra la formación de cálculos renales, contra la diabetes mellitus, formación de caries, ateriosclerosis y enfermedades coronarias, como también contra una gran variedad de tipos de tumores malignos. Además, ha sido propuesto que, individualmente, algunos ésteres de fosfato de mio-inositol sean metabólicamente activos. Hay estudios relacionando el (1,2,6) trisfosfato de D-mio-inositol con la prevención de complicaciones de la diabetes y con el tratamiento de inflamaciones crónicas y de enfermedades cardiovasculares; el (1,3,4,5,6)pentafosfato de mio-inositol, debido a sus efectosanti-angiogénicos y anti-tumorales, fue sugerido como un compuesto promisor en las estratégias terapéuticas contra el cáncer

O fitato, (1,2,3,4,5,6) hexafosfato de mio-inositol], composto que ocorre naturalmente e é formado durante a maturação de sementes e grãos, é um constituinte comum de alimentos vegetais. A maior preocupação com a presença de fitato na dieta é seu efeito negativo na absorção de minerais, particularmente Zn2+, Fe2+/3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, e Cu2+. As deficiências de zinco e de ferro, em especial, foram relacionadas com altas ingestões de fitato. É discutido, também, o efeito negativo do fitato no valor biológico de proteínas. Por outro lado, o consumo de fitato parece não ter somente efeitos negativos para a saúde humana. Foi descrito, por exemplo, um efeito protetor do fitato contra a formação de cálculos renais, contra diabetes Mellitus, formação de cáries, aterosclerose e doença coronariana, bem como contra uma grande variedade de tipos de tumores malignos. Além disso, foi proposto que, individualmente, alguns ésteres de fosfato de mio-inositol sejam metabolicamente ativos. Assim, há estudos relacionando o (1,2,6) trisfosfato de D-mio-inositol com a prevenção das complicações do diabetes e com o tratamento de inflamações crônicas e de doenças cardiovasculares; o(1,3,4,5,6) pentafosfato de mio-inositol, devido a seus efeitos anti-angiogênicos e anti-tumorais, foi sugerido como um composto promissor nas estratégias terapêuticas contra o câncer

Genetic engineering and functional foods / Engenharia genética e alimentos funcionais

Functional foods are the food-industry response to the continuous ly increasing request of consumers for foods that are both attractive and healthy. The main targets of functional foods are intestinal health, immune system activity, mental performance, caries, menopause symptoms, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis and child skeletal development. Most of the functional foods designed so far are derived from traditional foods by adding so-called functional ingredients, by modifying the technological process during industrial food preparation or by modifying the composition of the raw material used for food production. However, gene technology is thought to be a powerful technique to improve the nutritional quality of food raw materials. The modification of product quality characteristics using gene technology depends on a well-establishe dunder standing of the pathways for biosynthesis of plant products, a rapidly expanding knowledge about the genetic control of these pathways, and an increasing availability of cloned genes for key enzymatic steps. Quality-improved crops derived from genetic engineering are expected to reach the market in the near future. Crops with an improved protein quality, with an improved nutritional quality of the plant oil, crops rich in vitamins, minerals, antioxidants or low in undesired compounds as well as crops with an altered secondary metabolite production or altered carbohydrate composition have been developed by genetic engineering. These examples give an idea of the genetic engineering potential to produce health-promoting foods

Los alimentos funcionales son la respuesta de la industria de alimentos a la creciente demanda de los consumidores por alimentos que sean al mismo tiempo atrayentes y saludables. Los principales objetivos de los alimentos funcionales son la salud intestinal, del sistema inmunológico,el desempeño mental, las caries, los síntomas dela menopausia, cáncer, enfermidades cardiovasculares, diabetes, osteoporosis y desenvolvimiento óseo en niños. La mayoría de los alimentos funcionales desarrollados hasta el momento son derivados de los alimentos tradicionales a los cuales se les adicionan los ingredientes funcionales, se les modifica el proceso tecnológico de industrialización o se les altera la composición de materias primas utilizadas en su producción. Sin embargo, se tiene por cierto que la tecnología genética es un instrumento poderoso para mejorar la calidad nutricional de las materias primas alimenticias. La modificación de las características de calidad del producto utilizando tecnología genética depende de un conocimiento asentado de las vías metabólicas de síntesis de productos vegetales, un conocimiento en rápida expansión sobre el control genético de tales vías y una creciente disponibilidad de genes clonados para la expresión de enzimas claves de algunos passos de esas vías. Se espera que cultivos con calidad mejorada originarios de ingeniería genéticalleguen al mercado en un futuro próximo.Cultivos con mejor calidad de proteínas y lípidos, con mayor concentración de vitaminas, minerales y antioxidantes, con bajos tenores decompuestos indeseables y también cultivos com metabolitos secundarios modificados o composición alterada de carbohidratos son ejemplos de logros ya alcanzados por la ingeniería genética. Los ejemplos mencionados permiten visualizar el potencial de la ingeniería genética para la producción de alimentos promotores de la salud

Os alimentos funcionais são a resposta da indústria alimentícia à sempre crescente demanda dos consumidores por alimentos ao mesmo tempo atraentes e saudáveis. Os principais alvos dos alimentos funcionais são a saúde intestinal, a atividade do sistema imune, o desempenho mental, cáries, sintomas da menopausa, câncer, doenças cardiovasculares, diabetes, osteoporose e desenvolvimento ósseo de crianças. A maioria dos alimentos funcionais desenvolvidos, até o momento, são derivados de alimentos tradicionais pela adição dos ditos ingredientes funcionais, modificação dos processos tecnológicos durante o preparo industrial dos alimentos ou alteração da composição das matérias-primas usadas na produção dos alimentos. Contudo, acredita-se que a tecnologia genética seja um poderoso instrumento para melhorar a qualidade nutricional das matérias-primas alimentícias. A modificação das características de qualidade do produto usando a tecnologia genética depende de um conhecimento bem embasado sobre as rotas metabólicas de síntese de produtos vegetais, um conhecimento em rápida expansão sobre o controle genético de tais rotas metabólicas, e uma crescente disponibilidade de genes clonados para expressão de enzimas-chave de alguns passos destas rotas. Espera-se que culturas com qualidade melhorada derivadas da engenharia genética cheguem ao mercado num futuro próximo. Culturas com qualidade proteica melhorada, com melhor qualidade nutricional do óleo vegetal derivado, culturas ricas em vitaminas, minerais, antioxidantes ou com baixos teores de compostos indesejáveis, bem como culturas com produção de metabólitos secundários alterados ou composição alterada de carboidratos já foram desenvolvidas pela engenharia genética. Estes exemplos dão uma ideia do potencial da engenharia genética para produzir alimentos promotores de saúde

Clinical Observation of Jianpi Yishen Granule in the Relief for Toxic and Negative Effects of Chemotherapy in Treating 528 Cases of Cancer / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effects of Jianpi Yishen granule in the relief for toxic and negative effects of chemotherapy in treating cancer.Methods Five hundred and twenty eight cases were randomized into two groups:the treatment group in which Jianpi Yishen granule and chemotherapy were used and the control group in which chemotherapy only was given.Total two cycles were performed for two groups.The effective rate,the changes of Karnofsky scores and immunity,the adverse reaction to chemotherapy in the two groups were observed before and after the treatment.Results The effective rate (CR+PR) in the treatment group and the control group was 61.4% and 60.5% respectively,and the improvement in Karnofsky scores in the fomer was higher than in the latter (P

On the Negative Effects of the Evaluation Function of Core Journals / 昆明医科大学学报

As a tool for the research of periodical literature data,core journal was initially used in optimizing selection of journals for libraries and information institutes and in providing access for readers to selection of journals.But in recent years,the primitive function of core journal has began to weaken and its negative effects to generalize,mainly in the value orientation deviation of academic periodicals and in the generalization of the evaluation function.Due to these effects,bad results have emerged in periodical circle,academia and even in scientific research management,therefore,rational cognition may be required on the functional effects of core journals.

New Questions and Strategies Facing the Current Relationship Between Doctors and Patients / 中国医学伦理学

A harmonious relationship between doctors and patients is the base for all medical treatment activities.In recent years,a new change has been taken in the relationship between doctors and patients due to the following factors:(1) the raise of the patients' knowledge about their own right;(2) the negative effect of the market economy;(3) some unsuitable introduce of medium;and the judicial proof problems.Various cracks are occuming on this relationship and are deepening gradually.It is helpful for realiaing the harmonious relationship between doctors and patients.We have to appeal for our society to respect to the right of both doctors and patients,to urge both doctors and patients fulfilling their own duty,to set up equal and mutually beneficial relationship between doctors and patients,to waken our sincere and love,and to promote a legal justice,which will help to realize the harmonious development between doctors and patients.