ABSTRACT
Resumen Aunque en la actualidad se cuenta con evidencia de los efectos positivos de la religiosidad/ espiritualidad en la salud mental, también existen reportes que dan cuenta de efectos mixtos. Incluso, se han reportado efectos adversos en la salud mental de las personas. En esta línea, el presente trabajo se propuso revisar la literatura acerca de los efectos negativos que la religiosidad y/o espiritualidad pueden tener en la salud mental e identificar sus principales facetas o dimensiones asociadas a estos efectos según la evidencia. Para ello, se indagó en las bases de datos EBSCO, AnnualReview, PubMed, MedLine, PsycINFO, SciELO, LILACS y PEPSIC, entre los años 2010 a 2021. Como principal conclusión, los descubrimientos presentes confirman que existen ciertos aspectos religiosos y/o espirituales que ejercen influencia negativa sobre la salud mental de una persona. Al finalizar, se discuten los principales hallazgos obtenidos de la revisión, sus implicancias en el quehacer clínico en la esfera de salud mental, las limitaciones del estudio y las futuras proyecciones investigativas.
Abstract: Although currently there is evidence of the positive effects of religiousness and spirituality on mental health, reports also account for mixed effects, and even adverse effects have been reported on people's mental health. In this sense, the present paper aimed to review literature about the negative effects that religiousness and/or spirituality can have on mental health and to identify the main facets or dimensions associated with these effects, according to the evidence. For this, the EBSCO, AnnualReview, PubMed, MedLine, PsycINFO, SciELO, LILACS, and PEPSIC databases were researched for the years between 2010 and 2019. As the main conclusion, the present discoveries confirm that certain religious and / or spiritual aspects negatively influence a person's mental health. Finally, the main results garnered from the review, its limitations, and future research projections are discussed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Religion , Conflict, Psychological , Spirituality , Mental HealthABSTRACT
Objective To understand adolescent with type 1 diabetes on disease knowledge and experience and provide a scientific reference for the design and implement effective interventions. Methods Phenomenological research design and semi-structural interviews were conducted to 9 adolescent with type 1 diabetes, and used the method of phenomenological analysis for data. Results The adolescent patients were unsure about the causes and treatments of type 1 diabetes,and the cognition of the importance and necessity were vague to treatment compliance. The own experience of disease compose of negative physical and mental experience significantly, living a normal life,a desire to cure, seeking social and professional support demand strongly. Conclusions adolescent with type 1 diabetes and their family or the hospital are under inadequate treatment and disease management.It is suggested to pay attention to patients′ motivation and psychological,individual needs and effective medical communication in delivering intervention programs for adolescent with type 1 diabetes so that individualized treatment and management are performed.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the heart rate variability and arrhythmia characteristics in the elderly patients with unstable angina and negative psychology and to observe the changes before and after treatment. Methods Eighty patients aged ≥ 65 years with unstable angina were recruited in the study, and divided into two groups according to the determination of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: 36 patients in the negative psychology group( NP group) and 44 in the non-negative psychology group ( non-NP group). All patients were monitored by Holter. Results The SDNN, SDANN, SDNNidex, rMSSD and PNN50 in the NP group were (86.8 ±14.1 ) ms, (78.1 ± 11.2 ) ms, (22.9 ± 4.5 ) ms, ( 6.3 ± 1.2 ) % and (40.3 ± 16.4) ms, respectively, which were significantly decreased compared to that in the non-NP group [ ( 138.9 ± 37.1 ) ms, ( 123.3 ± 32.5 ) ms, (25.7 ±12.3)ms,(9.2 ±5.3)% and (47.8 ± 10.7)ms,respectively] (t =4.20,2.52,2.32,2.28 and 2.20,Ps ＜0.05)The prevalence of ventricular arrhythmia, sinus tachycardia, ischemic ST-T changes and heart rate variability (HRV) (55.56%, 13.89%, 33. 33% and 52. 78%, respectively) significantly increased in the NP group,compared to those in the non-NP group(9.09% ,2.27% ,6.82%, 18.18% ,respectively) ( χ2 = 16.89,4.18,4.33 and 4.99, respectively, Ps ＜ 0.05 ). After treatment with Prozac ( fluoxetine hydrochloride scientific name), SDNN,SDANN,rMSSD,PNN50,SDNNindex significantly increased from (84.7 ± 34.0) ms, (79.2 ± 39.6) ms, (23.4 ±7.5)ms,(5.1 ±2.1)% and (38.1 ± 11.8)ms to (102. 1 ±29.6)ms,(94.2 ±26.7)ms,(35.6 ± 10.2)ms,(9.9 ± 7.5 ) % and (63.3 ± 13.8 ) ms ( t = 3.60,2.43,2.34,2.26 and 2.30, P ＜ 0.05 ). After treatment,ventricular arrhythmia,sinus tachycardia,ischemic ST-T changes and HRV significantly decreased compared to that before treatment in the NP group (χ2 = 5.58,4.33,4.24 and 4.06 ,P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions In patients of coronary heart disease with unstable angina and negative psychologically , HRV decreased , and they are prone to ventricular arrhythmias,sinus tachycardia and ischemic ST-T changes. Treatment with Prozac could decrease arrhythmia and improve cardiac ischemia arrhythmias, sinus tachycardia and ischemic ST-T changes. Treatment with Prozac could decrease arrhythmia and improve cardiac ischemia.