ABSTRACT
Resumen: Procesos cognitivos tales como pensamientos negativos son importantes moduladores de la experiencia de dolor. El Inventario de Pensamientos Negativos en Respuesta al Dolor (INTRP) es una herramienta que permite evaluar los pensamientos automáticos negativos asociados a la experiencia dolorosa. El presente trabajo se enfoca en la validación del INTRP en población argentina. Se testearon varios modelos previos, llegando al mejor ajuste el modelo de cinco factores: 1) autoverbalizaciones negativas, 2) pensamientos negativos de apoyo social, 3) pensamientos de discapacidad, 5) pensamientos de falta de control y 5) pensamientos de autoinculpación. Este modelo posee la misma estructura factorial que la hallada en la versión española, el cual posee un nivel mayor de especificidad en la detección de cogniciones asociadas al dolor. Se puede concluir que el INTRP es una herramienta confiable para su uso en el ámbito clínico que permita enfocar la terapia psicológica de argentinos con cefaleas.
Abstract: Cognitive processes such as negative thoughts are important modulators of the pain experience. The Inventory of Negative Thoughts in Response to Pain (INTRP) is a tool that allows evaluating negative automatic thoughts associated with the painful experience. The present work focuses on the validation of the INTRP in the Argentine population. Several previous models were tested, reaching the best fit of the five-factor model: 1) negative self-verbalizations, 2) negative thoughts of social support, 3) thoughts of disability, 5) thoughts of lack of control and 5) thoughts of self-blame. This model has the same factor structure as that found in the Spanish version, which has a higher level of specificity in detecting cognitions associated with pain. It can be concluded that the INTRP is a reliable tool for use in the clinical setting that allows to focus the psychological therapy of Argentines with headaches.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Argentina , Validation StudyABSTRACT
O Transtorno de Ansiedade Social (TAS) caracteriza-se por um medo persistente de situações sociais. Objetiva-se identificar na literatura indexada, estudos relativos à qualidade técnica de instrumentos psicométricos e experimentais sobre a avaliação dos pensamentos negativos e comportamentos de segurança associados ao TAS. Foram identificados 22 artigos, agrupados em dois conjuntos, considerando os procedimentos utilizados. No primeiro conjunto os estudos investigaram as qualidades psicométricas de instrumentos que avaliam cognições e TAS, sendo que destes, quatro abordaram versões já aferidas previamente e dois avaliaram instrumentos propostos especificamente para mensurar comportamento de segurança e pensamentos negativos. Os estudos do segundo conjunto investigaram, por meio de simulações de situações de desempenho verbal, aspectos cognitivos associados à ansiedade, destacando as variáveis auto-imagem negativa, pensamentos negativos e comportamentos de segurança associados ao aumento da ansiedade social. A análise dos estudos aponta que a identificação de comportamentos evitativos pode ser útil para a implementação de intervenções.
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by and intense and constant fear of social situations. The goal of this work is to identify, in indexed publications, psychometric and empirical studies on the evaluation of negative thoughts and safety behaviors associated with SAD. Twenty-two articles were located and grouped into two sets considering the type of procedure used. In the first set, studies investigated the psychometric properties of instruments that evaluate cognition and SAD, out of which four studies addressed instruments that had been previously evaluated, and two others evaluated instruments specifically proposed for measuring safety behavior and negative thoughts. The studies in the second set used simulations of verbal performance situations to investigate the cognitive aspects associated with anxiety. These studies confirmed the association of negative self-image, negative thoughts, and safety behaviors with social anxiety. The analysis of the studies reveals that identifying avoidance behaviors can be useful for implementing intervention procedures.