Pattern of internet use, anxiety, and depression among professional students of Tripura, India: an analysis

Introduction: In this era of technology we cannot imagine our lives without internet. However, excessive internet use may bring curse in life. Aims and objectives: The present study was an attempt to examine the pattern and prevalence of internet use among medical and engineering students. It was also aimed at comparing pattern of internet use, anxiety, and depression of professional students. Further, it was also intended to study the level of anxiety and depression across the subgroups of internet users. Methodology: The study was carried out among 1100 professional students, selected randomly from five institutions of Tripura, India. Out of 1100 students, 659 were medial students and 441 were engineering students. All of them were in the age group of 18-25 years. Internet Addiction Test, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were used for assessing pattern of internet use, anxiety, and depression respectively among the professional students. Data was collected from the subjects following group administration method and was analysed quantitatively with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 (SPSS v25). Results: The prevalence of excessive internet use among professional students of Tripura was 7.4%. Medical and engineering students did not differ significantly with respect to their pattern of internet use (except ‘average’ use of internet), anxiety, and depression. However, a significant difference in each of anxiety and depression had been noted across the different patterns of internet use of the study subjects.

Intervenciones freudianas sobre el problema de la nerviosidad: la neurosis de angustia como crítica al paradigma neurasténico de la modernidad de George M. Beard / Intervenções freudianas sobre o problema da nervosidade: a neurose de angústia como crítica ao paradigma neurastênico da modernidade de George M. Beard / Freud's interventions into the question of nervousness: the anxiety neurosis as George Beard's critique of the neurasthenic paradigm of modernity / Les interventions freudiennes sur le problème de la nerviosité: la névrose d'angoisse comme critique du paradigme neurasthénique de la modernité de George M. Beard

El presente artículo analiza la crítica freudiana a la categoría de neurastenia, propuesta por George Beard. Primeramente, se exponen las hipótesis de Beard que asocian nerviosidad, civilización moderna y neurastenia; luego, se identifica la concepción freudiana de nerviosidad implicada en la categoría de neurosis de angustia. Al refutar los postulados de Beard, Freud no sólo hará un aporte a la psicopatología de su época, sino que otorgará un nuevo fundamento a la nerviosidad moderna.

O presente artigo analisa a crítica freudiana à categoria de neurastenia, proposta por George Beard. Primeiramente, se expõe as hipóteses de Beard que associam nervosidade, civilização moderna e neurastenia; em seguida, se identifica a concepção freudiana de nervosidade implicada na categoria da neurose de angústia. Ao refutar os postulados de Beard, Freud não só contribuirá à psicopatologia da sua época, mas também outorgará um novo fundamento à nervosidade moderna.

This article examines Freud's critique of the category of neurasthenia as proposed by George Beard. First, it presents Beard's hypotheses that associate nervousness, modern civilization and neurasthenia. It then identifies Freud's concept of nervousness as applied to the category of anxiety neurosis. In refuting Beard's postulates, Freud not only made a contribution to psychopathology of his time, but also presented a new basis for modern nervousness.

Cet article examine la critique de Freud portant sur la catégorie de la neurasthénie proposée par George Beard. Nous présentons en premier lieu les hypothèses de Beard qui associent la nervosité, la civilisation moderne et la neurasthénie. Ensuite, nous identifions la conception freudienne de la nervosité impliquée dans la catégorie de névrose d'angoisse. En réfutant les principes de Beard, Freud ne contribue non seulement à la psychopathologie de son époque, mais fournit également un nouveau fondement à la nervosité moderne.

O nervosismo como categoria nosográfica no começo do século XX / Nervousness as a nosographic category in the early twentieth century

Apresenta o quadro conceitual que cerca a categoria nervosismo na psiquiatria brasileira do começo do século XX, tal como evidenciado em artigo de Henrique Roxo publicado nos Arquivos Brasileiros de Psiquiatria, Neurologia e Medicina Legal em 1916, e enseja sua contextualização na história das classificações psiquiátricas e das representações sobre os nervos e o sistema nervoso. Com isso, pretende contribuir para o mapeamento do naturalismo fisicalista (ou epifenomenismo), como tendência constante das representações sobre a pessoa e suas perturbações na cultura ocidental moderna.

The paper presents the conceptual framework surrounding the category of nervousness in Brazilian psychiatry in the early twentieth century as represented in an article by Henrique Roxo published in Arquivos Brasileiros de Psiquiatria, Neurologia e Medicina Legal in 1916, and contextualizes it in the history of psychiatric classifications and representations about nerves and the nervous system. As such, it intends to contribute towards mapping out physicalistic naturalism (or epiphenomenalism), which can be seen throughout the representations of the human person and their disturbances in modern western culture.