ABSTRACT
Fluid overload(FO)is significantly associated with survival in critically ill children.Excessive fluid accumulation in the body causes tissue oedema, which may lead to heart failure, acute kidney injury(AKI)and acute pulmonary oedema, affecting length of hospital stay, readmission rates and prognosis.According to the cause of the FO, the main treatments are fluid restriction, diuretics, and ultrafiltration.Diuretics are often used clinically to treat patients with FO.International guidelines recommend ultrafiltration to remove excess water when diuretic therapy is not effective or when diuretic resistance occurs, or when life-threatening complications arise.However, there is no conclusion on the setting for the net ultrafiltration intensity in ultrafiltration, particularly in critically ill children.With the development of ultrafiltration technology, the application of ultrafiltration in the treatment of FO patients will be further carried out.This article provides a review of the FO and its treatment in critically ill children.