Peripheral Biomarker Candidates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

There is high variability in the manifestation of physical and mental health problems following exposure to trauma and disaster. Although most people may show a range of acute symptoms in the aftermath of traumatic events, chronic and persistent mental disorders may not be developed in all individuals who were exposed to traumatic events. The most common long-term pathological consequence after trauma exposure is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, comorbid conditions including depression, anxiety disorder, substance use-related problems, and a variety of other symptoms may frequently be observed in individuals with trauma exposure. Post-traumatic syndrome (PTS) is defined collectively as vast psychosocial problems that could be experienced in response to traumatic events. It is important to predict who will continue to suffer from physical and mental health problems and who will recover following trauma exposure. However, given the heterogeneity and variability in symptom manifestations, it is difficult to find identify biomarkers which predict the development of PTSD. In this review, we will summarize the results of recent studies with regard to putative biomarkers of PTSD and suggest future research directions for biomarker discovery for PTSD.

Estrés y sistema inmune / Stress and immune system

En los últimos años, el estudio de la interacción entre la conducta, función neural y endocrina, y los procesos inmunes, ha desarrollado un campo de investigación interdisciplinario. Cuando en los organismos vivientes se ve perturbado el equilibrio homeostático por deficiencia o por exceso de los estímulos a los que el organismo es capaz de ajustarse, se produce el estrés, el cual es, por lo general, multifactorial. Se revisan las interacciones entre el sistema nervioso y el sistema inmune, así como las influencias del estrés psicológico sobre la inmunidad tanto en los animales como en los humanos.

In the last years, the study of the interaction among behaviour, neural and endocrine function and the immune processes, has developed an interdisciplinary research field. When the homeostatic balance in the living organisms is disturbed by deficiency or excess of stimuli, to which the organism is able to adjust, a generally multifactorial stress is produced. The interactions between the nervous system and the immune system, as well as the influences of psychological stress on immunity, both in animals and humans, are reviewed.

Effects of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy on the Cardiopulmanary and Neuroendocrine System / 대한마취과학회지

Laparoscopy is a useful procedure for the diagnostic and therapeutic purpose, but it may be associated with many complieations related to large amounts of CO2 insufflation into the peritoneal cavity. To investigste the influence of laparoscopy 15 ASA classification I, II sur- gical patients were selected. We measured the changes in mean arterial pressure(MAP), heart rate(HR), PaO2, PaCO2, end tidal CO2 tension(PETCO2) and stress hormones such as plsma epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol. Above parameters were messured 10 minutes after intubation(control value), immediately after CO2 insufflation, 30 minutes after CO2 insufflation and 20 minutes after CO deflation. The results were ss follows 1) Mean arterial pressure was increased at immediately after CO2 insufflation, 30 minutes after CO2 insufflation(p<0.01) and 20 minutes after CO2 deflation(p<0.05). Heart rate was not changed significsntly. 2) PaCO2 was decreased at 30 minutes after CO2 insufflation(p<0.05), but PaCO2 snd PaCO2 were increased at 30 minutes after CO2 insufflation and 20 minutes efter CO2 deflation (p <0.01). 3) The increase of plasma epinephrine at immediately after CO2 insufflation end 30 minutes after CO2 insufflation was not significant, but plasma norepinephrine was increased at immediately after CO2 insufflstion and 30 minutes after CO2 insufflation(p<0.01). Plasme cortisol was increased at immediately after CO2 insufflstion, 30 minutes after CO2 insufflation and 20 minutes after CO2 deflation(p<0.01). We concluded that laparoscopy with CO2 insufflation has some effects on cardiopulmonary and neuroendocrine system and it is recommended to monitor carefully blood pressure, heart rate and PETCO2 for preventing hypercarbia related complications.

INFLUENCES OF IMMUNE RESPONSE ON GLUCOCORTICOID / 中国免疫学杂志

In our report the results obtained areas follows:(1)plasma corticosteronelevel in C_(57)BL mice immunized bySRBC was higher than control(P