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1.
Rev. chil. neuropsicol. (En línea) ; 7(2): 60-64, jul. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-714166

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El trastorno orgánico de personalidad (TOP) post traumatismo encefalocraneano (TEC) suele desestimarse por ausencia evidenciable de lesiones cerebrales y alteración en psicometría habitual (WAIS). Objetivo: Estudio exploratorio de 9 casos de TOP post TEC. Pacientes y métodos: Se analizan 9 casos de TOP post TEC no diagnosticados previamente. Resultados: Los pacientes no presentaron alteraciones de neuroimágenes (TAC), aunque sí algunas pruebas psicométricas alteradas, y un cambio consistente y dramático en sus cogniciones, conductas y afectos, pero no recibieron diagnóstico de TOP. Discusión: los equipos médicos parecen considerar más la indemnidad de las neuroimágenes que la clínica o las pruebas neuropsicológicas, y tienden a desestimar el diagnóstico de TOP. Conclusión: El diagnóstico de TOP debe considerarse en casos de TEC leve cuando lo sugiera la clínica.


Introduction: Organic Personality Disorder (OPD) post traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often dismissed due to lack of clear brain damage and alteration in usual psychometrics (WAIS). Objective: An exploratory study of 9 cases of post TBI OPD. Patients and methods: We analyzed 9 previously undiagnosed cases of post TBI OPD. Results: The patients had no neuroimaging abnormalities (TAC), but some altered psychometric tests, and consistent and dramatic changes in their cognitions, behaviors and emotions, but were not diagnosed with OPD. Discussion: medical teams seem to consider more the indemnity of neuroimaging than clinical evidence or neuropsychological testing, and tend to dismiss the diagnosis of TOP. Conclusion: The diagnosis of TOP should be considered in cases of mild TBI when they suggest the clinic.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Personality Disorders/diagnosis , Personality Disorders/etiology , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications , Accidents, Occupational , Interviews as Topic , Neuroimaging , Psychometrics
2.
Colomb. med ; 38(4): 433-439, oct.-dic. 2007. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-586371

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Ofrecer un panorama actual del estado del arte en cuanto a la caracterización clínica y neurobiológica del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad. Desarrollo: Se revisan los conceptos generales de este trastorno relacionados con su definición, comorbilidades, epidemiología mundial y colombiana, tratamiento e implicaciones psicosociales. Mediante el análisis de las evidencias aportadas por las neuroimágenes que se usan en el diagnóstcio de este trastorno, y de las pruebas surgidas a partir de los estudios de su ligamiento familiar, se infiere como posible etiología un compromiso del sistema catecolaminérgico cerebral, específicamente del receptor 4 de la dopamina y su transportador. Se explora la hipótesis de las consecuencias de este defecto en la sintomatología del trastorno. Conclusión: La investigación de las bases genéticas del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad ayudará a vislumbrar claramente su fisiopatología, lo que permitirá su mejor definición.


Objective: To present the state-of-the-art regarding the clinical and neurobiological features of the attention deficit and hiperactivity disorder. Development: The general concepts of this disorder including its definition, its comorbidities, its epidemiology, its psychosocial treatment as well as its implications are reviewed. An analysis of the neuroimaging evidences used in diagnosis of this disorder, and the data obtained from the genetic linkage studies, provide a possible etiology in a deficit of the cerebral catecholaminergic system, specifically the D4 dopamine receptor and its transporter. The hypothesis of the consequences of this defect in the sintomatology of the disorder is examined. Conclusions: Research on genetic bases of the attention deficit and hiperactivity disorder will help clarify its phisiopathology and its definition too.


Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Genes , Neurotransmitter Agents , Colombia , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
3.
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association ; : 372-377, 2006.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-15605

ABSTRACT

Insular lobe seizure (ILS) is very rare and ictal focus has not been documented by neuroimaging studies. Clinical characteristics consist of clearly preserved consciousness, visceral sensation, somatomotor symptoms, and dysphonic or dysarthric speech. We report a 34-year-old female with ILS, manifesting as first onset status epilepticus. SISCOM and SPM analysis through brain MRI and 18F FDG PET-CT reveals ictal focus on the bilateral claustrum, which has a close relationship with insula anatomically. This is the first case report in Korea.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Basal Ganglia , Brain , Consciousness , Korea , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neuroimaging , Seizures , Sensation , Status Epilepticus
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