Clinical study on the treatment of gastrointestinal neurosis with insomnia by combination of "stomach ten acupuncture" and domperidone tablets / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To study on the effect of "stomach ten acupuncture" combined with domperidone tablets on clinical symptoms and sleep quality of gastrointestinal neurosis patients with insomnia based on the theory of "stomach harmonious leading to restless".Methods:Randomized controlled trial. From March 2020 to March 2021, 98 patients with gastrointestinal neurosis and insomnia in our hospital who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups, with 49 patients in each group. The control group took domperidone tablets orally, and the observation group was treated with "stomach ten acupuncture" on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. Before and after treatment, TCM syndromes were scored, the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms was assessed with Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), anxiety and depression were assessed with Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and sleep quality was assessed with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI).Results:After treatment, the scores and total scores of epigastric pain, belching, abdominal distension, anorexia, noisy acid regurgitation, tiredness and asthenia, constipation and loose stools in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 19.61, 19.30, 23.10, 22.05, 20.43, 21.81, 20.51, 16.38, respectively, P<0.01); the scores and total scores of typical symptoms, abdominal pain symptoms, reflux symptoms, diarrhea symptoms, constipation symptoms were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 10.10, 11.14, 11.04, 9.31, 11.24, 5.30, respectively, P<0.01); HAMA and HAMD scores were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 6.96 and 6.85, respectively, P<0.01). The scores of time to fall asleep (1.15 ± 0.56 vs. 2.11 ± 0.75, t=7.18), time to sleep (0.92 ± 0.63 vs. 1.52 ± 1.12, t=3.27), sleep quality (1.02 ± 0.66 vs. 1.96 ± 0.80, t=6.35), sleep efficiency (0.86 ± 0.62 vs. 1.68 ± 0.85, t=5.46), sleep disorders (0.92 ± 0.36 vs. 1.48 ± 0.55, t=5.96), daytime dysfunction (0.96 ± 0.42 vs. 1.97 ± 0.87, t=7.32), hypnotics (0.98 ± 0.45 vs. 1.81 ± 0.62, t=7.58) and total scores (6.85 ± 1.47 vs. 12.73 ± 2.95, t=12.49) were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The "stomach ten acupuncture" combined with domperidone tablets can improve the clinical symptoms and sleep quality of gastrointestinal neurosis patients with insomnia.

Experiencia de trabajo mediante psicogrupo WhatsApp en pacientes con trastornos neuróticos y sus familiares en tiempos de COVID19 / The Patients whit neurotic disorders in time of Covid19. An experience of work psicogroup of WhatsApp

RESUMEN Fundamento: Cuba y el mundo han sufrido en los últimos meses una situación sanitaria difícil, producto de la pandemia del nuevo coronavirus. La ciencia psicológica pasó a jugar papel primordial ante esta emergencia, al ofrecer primeros auxilios y acompañamiento psicológico. Objetivo: describir los resultados de la aplicación de una modalidad de ayuda psicológica virtual para pacientes con trastornos neuróticos y sus familiares. Métodos: estudio cuanti-cualitativo, realizado en el período abril-agosto 2020. Se incluyeron 28 personas que dieron consentimiento para participar y contaban con recursos tecnológicos: 22 pacientes pertenecientes al Hospital Psiquiátrico de la provincia de Cienfuegos y 6 familiares. Estuvo dirigido por psicólogas y psiquiatra. Se efectuó una modalidad de ayuda psicológica virtual utilizando un grupo WhatsApp. Resultados: los participantes demostraron dominio de recursos psicológicos y psicoterapéuticos aprendidos, así como los aportados durante el tiempo de trabajo. La experiencia fue bien recibida y considerada como útil, beneficiosa; la calificaron como excelente modalidad para la atención psicológica. Superaron sintomatologías emocionales negativas relacionadas con la pandemia y hubo enriquecimiento de los recursos, interacción positiva grupal y familiar ante confinamiento y habilidades en el manejo de la tecnología. Conclusiones: como nueva modalidad de ayuda psicológica, resultó una experiencia de trabajo oportuna y necesaria ante la emergencia sanitaria, demostrando ser efectiva como herramienta de trabajo de psicólogos y psiquiatras en la atención psicológica.

ABSTRACT Background: Cuba and the world have suffered in recent months a health situation as a result of the new coronavirus pandemic. Psychological science began to play a key role in the health emergency, by offering first aid and psychological support. Objective: to describe the virtual psychological help modality application results for patients with neurotic disorders and their families. Methods: quantitative-qualitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study, carried out in the period April-August 2020. 28 people who gave consent to participate and had technological resources were included: 22 patients belonging to the Cienfuegos Psychiatric Hospital and 6 relatives. It was guided by psychologists and a psychiatrist. A modality of virtual psychological help was carried out using a WhatsApp group. Results: the participants demonstrated knowledge of learned psychological and psychotherapeutic resources, as well as those provided during work time. The experience was well received and considered useful, beneficial; they rated it as an excellent modality for psychological care. They overcame negative emotional symptoms related to the pandemic and there was enrichment of resources, positive group and family interaction in confinement and skills in the management of technology. Conclusions: as a new modality of psychological help, it was a timely and necessary work experience in the health emergency, proving to be effective as a work tool for psychologists and psychiatrists in psychological care.

Effectiveness of outpatient-based group cognitive-behavioral therapy in Japanese patients with mood disorders and neurotic disorders

Abstract Background: Although the effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioral therapy (GCBT) has been studied, evidence is still not sufficient. Objective: The aim of the present study is to consider the effectiveness of GCBT with mood disorders and neurotic disorders. Methods: The present study assessed a total of 32 patients who were classified as F3 (mood disorders) or F4 (neurotic disorders) according to the ICD-10, and who attended GCBT sessions offered at The Tokai University Hospital. Depression and mood in these patients were assessed before and after GCBT by using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Results: A comparison of pre- and post-GCBT CES-D scores among all patients as well as within F3 and F4 groups showed a significant decrease in CES-D scores after GCBT. As for the POMS, a comparison of pre- and post-GCBT scores among all patients showed a significant improvement in "vigor" and "confusion" scores after GCBT. Discussion: The present study demonstrated that GCBT can relieve depression and improve some mood states. Furthermore, the GCBT sessions offered proved to be effective even when administered to a group of participants consisting of both mood disorders and neurotic disorder patients.

Autonomic Nerve Functional Changing and the Impact of Comprehensive Exercise in Patients With Cardiovascular Neurosis / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To observe the autonomic nerve functional changing and the impact of comprehensive exercise in patients with cardiovascular neurosis (CN). Methods: Our research included in 2 groups: CN group, n=48 and Control group, n=30 normal subjects. Resting heart rate (RHR) and heart rate at the first recovery minute (HRR1) were measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) for comparison between 2 groups. In CN group, 30 patients were chosen and randomly assigned into 2 subgroups: Medication subgroup, patients received β-receptor blocker, n=14 and Comprehensive exercise subgroup, patients received the same medication plus aerobic and Thera-band resistance training, n=16; both subgroups were intervened for 3 months. Symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) was used to evaluate relevant parameters before and after intervention, the changes of RHR and HRR1 were also compared between 2 subgroups. Results: ① Compared with Control group, CN group had the higher RHR and lower HRR1, all P<0.01. ② Compared with pre-intervention, both subgroups had improved RHR, HRR1 and SCL-90 scores at post-intervention, all P<0.05; compared with Medication subgroup, Comprehensive exercise subgroup showed improved SCL-90 scores and HRR1, all P<0.05. Conclusion: Comprehensive exercise including aerobic and Thera-band resistance training could effectively improve the clinical symptoms in CN patients, which might be related to changing the autonomic nerve function in relevant patients.

Study on difference of abstract color preferences among different sexes, ages and educational levels of inpatients with neurosis / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the difference of abstract color preference among different genders,ages and education levels of hospitalized patients with neurosis.Methods The abstract color preference test was conducted in 223 inpatients with neurosis by adopting the paired comparison method.Results (1) The color preferences order in different genders of neurosis patients tended to be consistent (U=2.606,P＜0.01),green was always the most preferred color,black was the least preferred color,the preference difference had no statistical significance (P＞0.05).(2) The color preferences order in different ages of neurosis patients tended to be consistent(x2 =20.27,P＜0.01).The most preferred color of the patients in 18-30 years old group was yellow,which in ＞ 30 years old group was green,the preference difference had no statistical significance (P＞0.05).(3) The color preferences order in different education years of neurosis patients tended to be consistent(x2 =19.49,P＜0.05).The primary school and illiteracy group preferred red,and the middle school and above group preferred green;the preference difference of orange,white and black in different educational levels of neurosis patients had statistical significance(x2 =6.325,12.491,10.445,P =0.042,0.002,0.005).Conclusion The abstract color preferences of neurosis inpatients with different genders and ages have no obvious difference.The cold and warm color preferences of neurosis patients with different education levels are different.

Morbilidad psiquiátrica en pacientes mayores de 18 años / Psychiatric morbidity in older than 18 years

Introducción: las enfermedades psiquiátricas constituyen un problema de salud que afecta todas las esferas de la vida humana. Objetivo: describir la morbilidad psiquiátrica de pacientes mayores de 18 años de edad. Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 260 pacientes. Los entrevistados fueron pacientes mayores de 18 años de edad atendidos en el Departamento de Salud Mental del Policlínico Héroes de Girón, durante el año 2015. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes y se les aplicó el método clínico, entrevista semiestructurada. Resultados: las entidades psiquiátricas de mayor prevalencia fueron las Psicosis (38,84 por ciento) y los Trastornos neuróticos (36,92 por ciento); seguidas de un predominio de las Adicciones (13,07 por ciento) y las Demencias (11,15 por ciento). Conclusiones: la morbilidad psiquiátrica que predomina está constituida por las Psicosis y los Trastornos neuróticos(AU)

Introduction: psychiatrics diseases constitute a problem of health that affects all the spheres of the human life. Objective: describing the psychiatric morbidity in older than 18 years of age. Material and method: It was carried out a descriptive transversal study. The sample was constituted by 260 patients. The interviewed were older than 18 years of age attended patients of the Mental Health Department at the Héroes de Girón Policlinic, during the year 2015. To the patients applied them the clinical method, semi -structural interview. Clinical reports of the examined patients were reviewed. Results: It was obtained that the most common psychiatrics diseases were Psychosis (38.84 percent%), Neurotics disorders (36.92 percent); it prevailed the diagnosis of Drug adiction isorder (13.07 percent) and Dementia (11.15 percent). Conclusion: the psychiatric morbidity that prevails is Psychosis and Neurotics disorders(AU)

Hábito lesivo poco frecuente: presentación de un caso / An infrequent damaging habit: a case presentation

FUNDAMENTO: existen hábitos lesivos llamados neurosis, que se consideran factores importantes en el comienzo y evolución de la enfermedad periodontal. Ellos son capaces de influir tanto en su aparición y curso como en el resultado de su tratamiento. OBJETIVO: relatar un caso hábito poco frecuente en Estomatología. CASO CLÍNICO: se presenta el caso de una paciente de 27 años, con encías en el sector anteroinferior fuera de su posición debido a su hábito, desde la niñez, de morderse la uñas y empaquetarla en las encías de sus dientes anteroinferiores. Al examen físico se observó escasa placa dentobacteriana y presencia de sarro dentario, no caries dental, recesiones gingivales marcadas en sector anteroinferior con denudación de la superficie radicular. Se mostró un poco tímida, ansiosa, frustada. Se discutió el diagnóstico y manejo de esta enfermedad poco habitual. Se utilizó terapia sicológica y odontológica y se mantuvo una óptima higiene bucal por parte del paciente y vigilancia estricta del periodoncista. CONCLUSIONES: la paciente está en tratamiento con una evolución satisfactoria.

BACKGROUND: there are damaging habits called neurosis which are considered important factors in the beginning and evolution of the periodontal disease. These habits can influence its appearance and course, as well as the result of its treatment. OBJECTIVE: to present a case of an infrequent habit in Stomatology. CLINICAL CASE: the case of a twenty-seven-year-old patient is presented. The patient's gums, in the anteroinferior region, were out of position because of her habit since childhood of biting her nails and packing them on the gums of her anteroinferior teeth. A scarce dentobacterial plaque and the presence of tartar, as well as dental caries, gingival resections in the anteroposterior area with denudation of the radicular surface were observed in the physical examination. The patient was a little shy, impatient, frustrated. The diagnosis and handling of this infrequent disease was discussed. Psychological and odontological therapy was applied and an optimum oral hygiene was carried out by the patient and the periodontist made a strict vigilance. CONCLUSIONS: the patient is under treatment with a satisfactory evolution.

Relación entre criterios de normalidad de la personalidad, trastornos neuróticos y valores ético - morales / Relationship between normality of personality criteria, neurotic disorders and ethical-moral values

Se reflexionó sobre la personalidad normal, su relación con los valores ético-morales, y los aspectos en los que la personalidad del paciente con trastornos neuróticos se aparta de la normalidad y que varios criterios de la normalidad constituyen precisiones del concepto de valor ético-moral. Se concluyó que la personalidad del paciente con trastornos neuróticos se aparta de la mayoría de los criterios analizados de normalidad de la personalidad: los criterios de ausencia de psicopatología, el estadístico, el de relaciones interpersonales, el evolutivo, y el funcional.

It was reflected on the normal personality, its relationship to the ethical-moral values and aspects in which the neurotic personality deviates from normality and that various criteria of normality are clarifications of the moral value concept. It was concluded that the neurotic personality moves away from the absence of psychopathology, the statistics, the interpersonal relationships, the evolutionary and functional criteria, which constitute the majority of the analyzed criteria of normal personality.

Effect of intravenous thrombolytic therapy with urokinase on neurological function and serum MMP-9 in patients with acute cerebral infarction / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of intravenous thrombolytic therapy with urokinase on the neurological function and the concentration of serum matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in the patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods The patients with acute cerebral infarction were divided into the experimental and control groups.The experimental group included 27 patients who were complied with thrombolytic criterion within 4.5 hours after stroke and were firstly treated by intravenous thrombolytic therapy with urokinase by 100 million units after 24 h and 300 mg aspirin by oral.The control group included 27 cases that were directly administrated by 300 mg aspirin 4.5 hours later after stroke.After 24 h,the two groups were administrated with other same conventional treatments such as neurotrophy,improvement of microcirculation,and control of blood-fat.The neurological function and dynamic concentration of serum MMP-9 were observed before treatment and after treatment.Results After treatment,the neurological deficit evaluation score in both groups was gradually reduced with the treatment time,and the neurological deficit evaluation score in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at the 1 st,3rd,and 14th day,respectively[(10.97 ± 1.53) Score vs (15.67 ±1.78)Score,t =8.35,P =0.03;(8.15 ± 1.40) Score vs(12.72 ± 3.31) Score,t =6.62,P =0.03; (5.87 ± 1.03) Score vs (11.92 ±2.05) Score,t =13.70,P =0.01].After treatment,the concentration of serum MMP-9 in both groups was reduced with the treatment time,and serum MMP-9 in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at the 1st,3rd,and 14th day,respectively[(282.84 ±37.51) ng/ml vs (316.90±36.75)ng/ml,t =3.37,P =0.00;(309.11±37.71)ng/mlvs (348.39 ±15.26) ng/ml,t =5.02,P=0.04;(264.68±31.91)ng/ml vs (302.81 ±36.30)ng/ml,t =4.10,P =0.03].Conclusions Intravenous thrombolytic therapy with urokinase can effectively reduce the neurological deficit and the produce of MMP-9 in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Epilepsia e insanidade no início do século XIX - história conceitual / Epilepsy and insanity in the early nineteenth century / Épilepsie et folie au début du XIXe siècle / Epilepsia e insanidad en el inicio del siglo XIX - historia conceptual

Durante a primeira metade do século XIX, a epilepsia e as insanidades foram consideradas estreitamente relacionadas às desordens "neuróticas". Sob a influência de fatores tais como o declínio do conceito setecentista de neurose de Cullen, o desenvolvimento da nova psicopatologia descritiva, a introdução da estatística e a disponibilidade de observações longitudinais de coortes de pacientes hospitalizados, a epilepsia foi redefinida como uma doença "neurológica" por volta de 1850. A reação da psiquiatria à exclusão do transtorno mental como uma característica definidora da epilepsia se manifestou na criação do conceito de "epilepsia mascarada". Essa noção está por trás do desenvolvimento posterior de categorias como "fronteiriça" e "equivalente", que ainda são de alguma relevância para os pontos de vista quanto à epilepsia no século XX.

During the first half of the 19th century, epilepsy and the insanities were considered as being closely related to "neurotic" disorders. Under the influence of factors such as the decline of Cullan's 18th-century concept of neurosis, the development of more advanced descriptive psychopathology, the introduction of statistics and the availability of longitudinal observations of hospitalized cohorts, epilepsy was redefined as a "neurological" disease in the 1850s. The reaction of psychiatry to the exclusion of mental disorder as a defining feature of epilepsy could be seen in the creation of the concept of "masked epilepsy." This notion led to the later development of categories such as "borderline" and "equivalent, which are still of some relevance to 20th-century views of epilepsy.

Au cours de la première moitié du XIXe siècle, l'épilepsie et la folie étaient considérées comme étroitement liées aux troubles "névrotiques". Sous l'influence de facteurs tels que le déclin du concept de la névrose Cullen du XVIIIe siècle, le développement de la nouvelle psychopathologie descriptive, l'introduction de la statistique et la disponibilité d'observations à long terme de groupe de patients hospitalisés, l'épilepsie a été redéfinie comme maladie "neurologique" vers 1850. La réaction de la psychiatrie par rapport à l'exclusion du trouble mental comme facteur de définition de l'épilepsie se manifeste dans la création du concept de "l'épilepsie masquée". Cette notion influence le développement ultérieur de certaines catégories, comme celle de "frontière" et de "équivalent", qui sont toujours d'une certaine pertinence pour les points de vue concernant l'épilepsie au XXe siècle.

Durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX, la epilepsia y las insanidades fueron consideradas como estando íntimamente relacionadas a los desórdenes "neuróticos". Bajo la influencia de factores como el declinio del concepto del siglo XVIII de neurosis de Cullen, el desarrollo de la nueva psicopatología descriptiva, la introducción de la estadística y la disponibilidad de observaciones longitudinales de un conjunto de pacientes hospitalizados, la epilepsia fue redefinida como una enfermedad "neurológica" en cerca de 1850. La reacción de la psiquiatría a la exclusión del trastorno mental como una característica definidora de la epilepsia se manifestó en la creación del concepto de "epilepsia mascarada". Esa noción está por detrás del desarrollo posterior de categorías como "fronterizo" y "equivalente", que aún son de alguna relevancia para los puntos de vista a respecto de la epilepsia en el siglo XX.

Validación de una escala de trastornos neuróticos / Validation of a scale of neurotic disorders

En la provincia de Sancti Spíritus, Cuba, se realizó una investigación de diseño mixto para determinar la validez y la confiabilidad de un instrumento diagnóstico que identifica trastornos neuróticos en pacientes adultos, desde la dimensión psicológica. Se identificaron las posibles pautas diagnósticas y se evaluaron por expertos a través del método Delphi, para determinar validez de contenido. Se confeccionó una propuesta de instrumento en forma de escala Likert y se procedió con la prueba piloto. Se procesaron los resultados y se calcularon las correlaciones entre cada uno de los ítems, a través de la fórmula Rho de Spearman. Los resultados permitieron incluir todos los ítems en la versión final de instrumento aplicado a 209 pacientes. Se calculó nuevamente la validez interna o de constructo y se obtuvieron resultados similares, así como la confiabilidad a través del Alfa de Crombach.

In the province of Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, a mixed-design research was carried out to determine the validity and reliability of a diagnosis instrument that identifies neurotic disorders in adult patients, from the psychological dimension. The possible diagnosing guidelines were identified and assessed by experts, using the Delphi method to determine the content validity. A proposal of the instrument was completed using Likert scale to later proceed with the pilot test. Results were processed and correlations among items were calculated using Spearman’s Rho formula. Results also included all of the items in the final version of the instrument applied to 209 patients. The internal or construct validity was once again calculated and similar results were obtained, as well as its reliability using Crombach’s Alpha.

Control study on adjuvant treatment of brain electromagnetic for patients with neurological disorders / 中国基层医药

Objective To find out the quality of brain function electromagnetic adjuvant therapy for neurosis treatment.Methods 100 patients were randomly divided into two groups,study group(50 cases)was treated for brain function by electromagnetic therapy with the drug treatment,and only drug treatment was used for the control group(50 cases).The psychological symptom checklist(SCL-90)and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale(PSQI)were used to assess clinical symptoms and sleep quality of the two groups before and after therapy of 30 days,and the scale results were compared.Results After treatment,somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety,depression,hostility,phobia,obsessive-compulsive disorder,paranoid and psychotic items score of SCL-90 scale of study group was significantly lower than the scale before treatment(all P ＜0.05);after treatment somatization and anxiety item scores of SCL-90 scale of study group were significantly lower than the control group(all P ＜0.05).After treatment PSQI total scale score,sleep latency,sleep continuity,sleep efficiency,the use of sleep medications and sleep disorders of study group were significantly lower than before treatment(all P ＜ 0.01);after treatment PSQI total scale score and all items scores of study group were significantly lower than the control group(all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Adjuvant treatment of brain electromagnetic had significant effects of improving sleep quality,relieving anxiety and somatization for neurological patients.

Un enfoque axiológico de los trastornos neuróticos / An axiological approach to neurotic disorders

El objetivo del trabajo es relacionar los trastornos neuróticos con categorías centrales de la axiología como valoración, valor y socialización. Se establece la participación de las alteraciones en los procesos valorativos, en los mecanismos de producción y en la dinámica de los trastornos neuróticos. Se precisan los valores morales cuyos componentes esenciales se corresponden con elementos también esenciales de los mecanismos de producción de los trastornos neuróticos destacándose la existencia de afectaciones en la prudencia, la justicia, la fortaleza y la moderación. Debido a problemas en los procesos valorativos y en la corrección de errores de valoración, estos pacientes tienen dificultades para apreciar las cualidades personales necesarias para enfrentar las exigencias vitales, resultando en una ineficiente apropiación de valores.

This paper aims to describe the relationships between neurotic disorders and the main categories of axiology, such as evaluation, value, and socialization. This paper presents a characterization of the participation of alterations in the evaluation processes, the production mechanisms, and the dynamics of neurotic disorders. I identify the moral values whose essential components correspond to the essential elements of production mechanisms of neurotic disorders, pointing out the affectations in prudence, fairness, strength, and moderation. Due to problems of evaluation and correction of misevaluations, these patients fail to appreciate the necessary personality qualities to face the existential demands, resulting in an inefficient value appropriation.

Particularidades de los procesos valorativos en los trastornos neuróticos / Particularities of the assessing processes in the neurotic upheavals

El autor comienza exponiendo breves antecedentes históricos del término neurosis, y lo define conceptualmente. Continúa explicando como participan factores biológicos, psicológicos y sociales, primero en la producción de una susceptibilidad a padecer trastornos neuróticos y luego en la génesis y mantenimiento de los mismos. Argumenta que los factores analizados, cada uno de forma aislada, no garantizan el surgimiento de estas entidades nosológicas, sino que tiene que producirse una confluencia de ellos propicia para la formación y puesta en funcionamiento de estos trastornos; y generarse una causalidad recursiva o circular entre determinados elementos de esos factores que consolide el proceso. Mas adelante define el concepto de valoración. Argumenta que el paciente con trastorno neurótico presenta dificultades tanto para evaluar determinados sectores de la realidad como para corregir su error de interpretación y valorativo, así como el código sobre el cual se efectúan tales errores. Termina explicando la connotación ético moral de las alteraciones valorativas que se producen en los trastornos neuróticos.

The author show brief historical antecedents about neurosis term, and expose the conceptual definition about it. Later show the participation of biological, psychological and social factors, in genesis and maintenance of neurotic disorder. Argue that analysed factors, each one isolated, are not enough to originate neurotic disorders. Is necessary the confluence of this factors, and take place the reject causality among this in order to consolidated the process. Later define the valuation concept and finish establishes that the patient whit neurotic disorders have difficult to evaluate some area of reality and to correct his interpretative and evaluative mistake, in the same way as to correct the code utilized in this mistake.

Una aproximación teórica a la relación entre los trastornos neuróticos y los valores ético-morales / Relationship between neurotic disorders and ethical moral values: A teoretical approximation

El autor comienza argumentando la importancia del tema, primero en términos de su repercusión para la calidad de vida de los pacientes que la portan y luego desde el punto de vista económico. Partiendo de los conceptos de neurosis, socialización, actitudes neurotizantes, valor ético-moral, zona o dominio axiológico y adaptación, plantea que existe un nexo esencial entre los trastornos neuróticos y el proceso de formación de valores, y que los antivalores que juegan un papel esencial en la génesis y mantenimiento de la patología analizada, son los pertenecientes al dominio de los valores ético-morales. Continúa planteando que el paciente con trastorno neurótico no presenta afectaciones inadaptativas en todas sus actitudes, sino solamente en algunas de ellas, pero que resultan muy significativas para su adaptación social. Continúa argumentando que existe una gradación, sin frontera definida, entre el valor y el antivalor ético-moral, y que, el paciente neurótico es portador de antivalores que tienen la suficiente magnitud como para impedirle la adaptación efectiva al medio social, y esto los convierte en sufridores crónicos. Termina exponiendo a manera de hipótesis la relación existente entre los trastornos neuróticos y específicos valores y antivalores ético-morales como son: la asertividad, la seguridad en uno mismo, el complejo axiológico aceptación, no - aceptación, la flexibilidad, y los relacionados con el sentido de la vida.

The autor begings arguing about the importante of the topic, first in terms of its repercussion for the quqlity of the patiens´ life that suffers from it and then from the economic point of view. Taking the concept of neurosis, socialization, neurotic ttitudes, ethical moral value, axiologic area and adaptation, the author outlines that an assencial nexus exists between the neurotic dysfuntions and the process of formatio of values, and that the antivlues that play an essential role in the genesis and maintenance of the analyzed pathology, are those belonging to the area of the ethical moral values. It continues outlining that the patient with neurotic dysfunction doesn´t present inafaptative affectations in all the attitudes, but only in some of them, but that they are very significant for her social adaptation. It continues arguing that a gradation exists, without defined frontier, between the value and the ethical moral antivalue and that, the neurotic patient has antivalues himself that have enough magnitude like to obstruct the efective adaptation to the social enviroment , and this transforms them into chronic sufferes. It finishes exposing as an hypothesis the existing relationship between the neurotic dysfuntions and specific values and ethical moral antivalues as they are: the assertiveness, the security in oneself, the axiological complex acceptance-not acceptance, the flexibility, and those related to the sence of life.

EFFECTS OF MODIFIED DECOCTION FOR INVIGORATING YANG ON NERVOUS FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY AFTER PERIPHERAL NERVOUS INJURY / 中药新药与临床药理

Rat models with common peroneal nerve injury were treated with modified Decoction for Invigorating Yang orally to observe its effect on the nervous functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury. The result showed that the motor nerve conduction velocity of the drug group during the whole observation period was higher than that of the control group (p