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@#Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have the potential for multidirectional differentiation and are the preferred seed cells for periodontal tissue regeneration. In recent years, a large number of studies have confirmed that PDLSCs also possess broad immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, in-depth exploration of their specific molecular mechanisms is of great significance for the treatment of periodontitis. The aim of this paper is to summarize the research progress on the regulation of PDLSCs on various immune cells and the effect of the inflammatory environment on the immune characteristics of PDLSCs to provide an important theoretical basis for the allotransplantation of PDLSCs and improve the therapeutic effect of periodontal tissue regeneration. Studies have shown that PDLSCs possess a certain degree of immunosuppressive effect on both innate and acquired immune cells, and inflammatory stimulation may lead to the impairment of the immunoregulatory properties of PDLSCs. However, current studies are mainly limited to in vitro cell tests and lack in-depth studies on the immunomodulatory effects of PDLSCs in vivo. In vivo studies based on cell lineage tracing and conditional gene knockout technology may become the main directions for future research.
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【Objective】 To investigate the predictive value of high preoperative neutrophile-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for the prognosis of nonurothelial carcinoma of the bladder (NUBC) after radical cystectomy (RC). 【Methods】 Clinical and follow-up data of NUBC patients undergoing RC during Jan.2005 and Dec.2020 were collected. The optimal cut-off value of NLR was determined with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The survival curve was drawn with Kaplan-Meier method to compare the differences in cancer specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) between the high-NLR and low-NLR groups. The independent risk factors of CSS and OS were screened with Cox proportional hazard regression model. 【Results】 Of the 62 eligible cases,34 (54.8%) were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma,17 (27.4%) with squamous cell carcinoma, 6 (9.7%) with small cell carcinoma and 5 (8.1%) with sarcoma. Kaplan-Meier analysis results showed high NLR was associated with poor CSS (P=0.001) and OS (P<0.001). Cox regression results indicated that high NLR (HR=2.42, 95%CI: 1.12-5.23, P=0.025) and advanced pathologic tumor stage (HR=3.21, 95%CI:1.53-6.74,P=0.002) were independent risk factors of unfavorable CSS. Similarly, high NLR (HR=2.75, 95%CI: 1.35-5.56, P=0.005) and advanced pathologic tumor stage (HR=2.81, 95%CI:1.43-5.57, P=0.003) were independent risk factors of unfavorable OS. 【Conclusion】 As an independent risk factor of unfavorable CSS and OS in NUBC patients undergoing RC, high preoperative NLR is of great value in the prediction of long-term prognosis and may help to optimize individualized treatment.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interventional effect of the Chinese herbal preparation Xi Fu Pai Chen(XFPC) on pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in rats with silicosis. METHODS: A total of 144 adult specific pathogen free male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: blank control group, silicosis model group, drug administration control group and groups of low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose XFPC, with 24 rats in each group. Lung silicosis model was established by single inhalation tracheal instillation method, which was treated with 50.0 g/L silica suspension, in groups except in the blank control group. On the 7 th day of modeling, the rats in the drug administration control group were orally given tetrandrine(5 mg/kg body weight), while those in the low-, medium-and high-dose groups were given 43, 86 and 192 g/L of XFPC by atomization inhalation once a day for 20 minutes, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. At the end of drug administration, the histopathological changes of the lung were observed. The number and classification of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were examined, and the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA) and interferon-gamma(IFN-γ) in BALF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: On the 7 th day after modeling, the body weight in the drug administration control group and XFPC high-dose group decreased compared with the blank control group(P<0.05). On the 35 th day after modeling, the body weights of rats in the other 5 groups were lower than that in the blank control group(P<0.05). The pathological changes of lung tissue(infiltration of inflammatory cells, fibrosis and size of silicon nodule) in drug administration control group and XFPC low-dose group were better than those in silicosis model group by naked eyes and under light microscope. The lung coefficient, the proportion of neutrophils and the level of MDA and IFN-γ in BALF of the drug administration control group and XFPC low-dose group decreased(P<0.05), and the proportion of macrophages in BALF increased(P<0.05) compared with the silicosis model group. There was no significant difference in lung coefficients and the relevant indices of BALF between XFPC medium-, high-dose groups and silicosis model group(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Low dosage XFPC can improve pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation in rats with silicosis, and its mechanism of action may be related to reducing the levels of IFN-γ and MDA in BALF.
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Objective To explore the clinical value of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in staging of stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ middle and low rectal cancer. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 111 patients with middle and low rectal cancer who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed. The NLR values along with various clinical factors and pathological parameters were also statistically analyzed, and then the relationship between preoperative NLR and various clinical factors was determined. All patients were divided into high and low groups based on NLR, with the cut-off value of 1.99. Then, the clinical, pathological parameters and disease-free survival of the two groups were analyzed. Results The maximum diameter of the tumor and the NLR value were positively correlated (P ＜ 0.05). The patients with high and low NLR had significant differences in age, stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ, N stage, pathological type, maximum diameter of the tumor, and disease-free survival (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Preoperative NLR values may be used as predictive values for the pathological parameters of stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ middle and low rectal cancer, and NLR may be an indicator of its prognostic assessment.
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PURPOSE: In this study, we investigated the role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a predictor of tumor response and as a prognostic factor in patients with rectal cancer who had undergone curative surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT). METHODS: Between January 2009 and July 2016, we collected 140 consecutive patients who had undergone curative intent surgery after nCRT due to rectal adenocarcinoma. We obtained the pre- and post-nCRT NLR by dividing the neutrophil count by the lymphocyte count. The cutoff value was obtained using receiver operating characteristic analysis for tumor response and using maximally selected rank analysis for recurrence-free survival (RFS). The relationship among NLR, tumor response, and RFS was assessed by adjusting the possible clinico-pathological confounding factors. RESULTS: The possibility of pathologic complete response (pCR) was significantly decreased in high pre- (>2.77) and postnCRT NLR (>3.23) in univariate regression analysis. In multivariate analysis, high post-nCRT NLR was an independent negative predictive factor for pCR (adjusted odds ratio, 0.365; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.145–0.918). The 5-year RFS of all patients was 74.6% during the median 37 months of follow-up. Patients with higher pre- (>2.66) and post-nCRT NLR (>5.21) showed lower 5-year RFS rates (53.1 vs. 83.3%, P = 0.006) (69.2 vs. 75.7%, P = 0.054). In multivariate Cox analysis, high pre-nCRT NLR was an independent poor prognostic factor for RFS (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.300; 95% CI, 1.061–4.985). CONCLUSION: Elevated NLR was a negative predictive marker for pCR and was independently associated with decreased RFS. For confirmation, a large-scale study with appropriate controls is needed.
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Humans , Adenocarcinoma , Biomarkers , Chemoradiotherapy , Follow-Up Studies , Lymphocyte Count , Lymphocytes , Multivariate Analysis , Neutrophils , Odds Ratio , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prognosis , Rectal Neoplasms , ROC CurveABSTRACT
The relationship between inflammation and cancer has long been the focus of the medical research direction,the infiltration of inflammatory cells is always accompanied by the evolution process of malignant tumor,a lot of inflammatory cells and tumor cells are mutually induced,and lead to a inflammation cascade reaction,finally gradually form an immune network of inflammatory tumor,which not only involves in the occurrence and development of tumor,but also affects the prognosis of patients.In recent years,clinical studies have confirmed that the detection of peripheral blood related inflammatory immune cells can accurately predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.Based on the collection of related information at home and abroad,a summary was made to clarify the effects of inflammatory immune cells on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/serine/threonine kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway plays a key role in regulating immune response and inflammatory factor release in vitro and in vivo by regulating the activation of downstream signaling molecules, and is closely related to the occurrence and development of sepsis. Innate immune cells play important roles in maintaining the stability of the environment and regulating the immune response during sepsis. This review summarized the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and its regulation in the sepsis of different types of immune cells in the inflammatory response, apoptosis and other aspects to provide clues and pathways for the prevention and treatment of sepsis.
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Objective To distinguish the increase of white blood cells after glucocorticoid is the adverse reaction of glucocor‐ticoid or infection aggravated .If we can analyse it properly ,the abuse of antimicrobials and waste of medical could be avoid re‐source .Methods 74 patients which were in our hospital from 2011 .1 to 2012 .12 were recruited into this study .They were divided into three groups ,including non‐infection with glucocorticoid(n=15) ,infection without glucocorticoid(n=29) and infection with glucocorticoid(n=30) according to disease and therapies .After being treated 0 day ,3 days ,7 days ,venous blood of patients were collected to detect white blood count ,CRP and morphology of leukocyte .Results The group of non‐infection with glucocorticoid applied glucocorticoid after 3 days and 7days ,WBC was increased significantly(P0 .05) .Conclusion Glucocorticoid rise the count of WBC in peripheral blood especially the neutrophil .We can evaluate in‐fectious status by the level of CRP and the count of band neutrophils in peripheral blood smear .
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Objective:To investigate the early diagnosis value of neutrophilic CD 64 index(nCD64 ID),neutrophilic CD32 index( nCD32 ID) in ascites and CRP in blood of liver cirrhosis patients combined with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Methods:The data of 156 cases with liver cirrhosis was analyzed retrospectively, which CD32 index, CD64 index and CRP were detected respectively and ROC curve analysis were performed. Results:The nCD64 ID,nCD32 ID and CRP in bacterial infection group were all significantly higher than that in no infection group(P<0. 001). The sensitivity and specificity of nCD32 ID,nCD64 ID and CRP were 82. 8%,96. 2%,72. 5% and 81. 0%, 95. 8%, 73. 1% respectively. Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of nCD64 ID were higher than nCD32 ID and CRP. The nCD64 ID can be used as an effective index for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of liver cirrhosis combined with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
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The expression of CD11b on monocytes and neutrophils were measured by direct immunofluorescence techiques and flow cytometry in controls and type 2 diabetic patients.CD11b expression on monocyte and neutrophil in diabetic patients with macroangiopathy was higher than that in cases without macroangiopathy [3.85±1.46 vs 2.88±0.92,6.36 (4.58-9.79) vs 4.23 (3.70-4.83),both P<0.01].Monocyte CD11b and neutrophil CD11b might be independent risk factors of macroangiopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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The pulmonary recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells, in particular, neutrophils is thought to contribute to lung injury resulting from dust exposure. MIP-2 (macrophage inflammatory protein-2) which is a member of C-X-C chemokine plays a key role in neutrophil recruitment to sites of tissue injury. Especially, mineral fiber induced pulmonary response is as a model for the neutrophil recruitment. Therefore, we evaluated the distribution of MIP-2 expression in lung tissue of mineral fiber exposed rat using immunohistochemical study and the relationship between degree of inflammation of lower respiratory tract and MIP-2 expression. Total cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in mineral fiber-exposed group were markedly increased compared with each control group even not in ceramic fiber group. Number of neutrophil in BAL fluid in mineral fiber-exposed group were markedly increased compared with each control group until 4th week but except ceramic fiber group. In chrysotile group, number of neutrophil in BAL fluid were markedly increased compared with control group at 8th week. Lung tissue instilled with all kinds of mineral fibers showed remarkable developments of bronchus associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and small multiple granulomas but not for ceramic fiber group. In chrysotile group, multiple granuloma and inflammatory change were more profuse response compared with other groups. MIP-2 was predominently expresses in epithelial cells of bronchioles and bronchus and was express also found in macrophages with lung section at 1 week after fiber instillation. Small amount of epithelial cell associated MIP-2 was present in chrysotile at 8 week group. But MIP-2 was not seen in epithelial cells and macrophages in the lung tissue instilled with crocidolite, ceramic fiber and glass fiber at 8 weeks. Our finding suggest that MIP-2 is predominantly expressed in bronchial epithelial cells of lung from mineral fiber-exposed rat and correlated with inflammatory cell, especially neutrophil, recruitment and tissue reaction. And we documented that MIP-2 expression and neutrophil recruitment in man-made vitreous fiber-exposed rat, especially glass fiber, less than chrysotile.
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Animals , Rats , Asbestos, Crocidolite , Asbestos, Serpentine , Bronchi , Bronchioles , Bronchoalveolar Lavage , Cell Count , Ceramics , Dust , Epithelial Cells , Glass , Granuloma , Inflammation , Lung , Lung Injury , Lymphoid Tissue , Macrophages , Mineral Fibers , Neutrophil Infiltration , Neutrophils , Respiratory SystemABSTRACT
The amount of superoxide anions released by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level in plasma,lung homoge-nate and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined in pigs after they were inflicted with gunshot wounds of steel-ball pellets.It was found that the amount of superoxide anions released spontaneously and after the stimulation of zymosa was increased and reached the peak in the 4th and 8th hour after injury respectively,and then returned to the preinjury level gradually.The changes of plasma MDA level was similar to those of superoxide anions released by PMNs.MDA level of lung homogenate and BALF was also significantly increased in the 24th hour postinjury.In addition,the relationship between PMNs function and lipid peroxidation in the plasma and the lungs was discussed.