Analysis of ocular infection in neonates / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To study the distribution, drug resistance and epidemic characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in neonatal eye infection in Cangnan County, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2018, and to provide the basis for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of clinical conditions.<p>METHODS: Totally 108 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated from 294 eyes specimens from neonatal clinic from January 2014 to December 2018 were identified, common drug sensitivity test and epidemiological characteristics were summarized and analyzed.<p>RESULTS: The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in 294 ocular secretions was 36.7%(108/294). The main flora included 48 strains of<i> Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>(44.4%), 16 strains of<i> Staphylococcus aureus</i>(14.8%), 24 cases of <i>Escherichia coli</i>(22.2%), 12 strains of <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>(11.1%), 5 strains of <i>Corynebacterium diphtheria</i>(4.6%), 2 strains of <i>Enterococcus</i>(1.9%)and 1 case of <i>Streptococcus </i>(0.9%). The main pathogens are highly sensitive to amikacin and netilmicin, and are highly sensitive to jellithromycin and netilmicin. The activity of gentamicin is poor. It has good activity against quinolones.<p>CONCLUSION:<i>Staphylococcus</i> is the main pathogen of neonatal eye infection, and eye antibiotics commonly used in clinic have good antibacterial activity against all kinds of pathogenic bacteria.

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis G Virus IgG Antibody among Blood Donors, Pregnant Women, Neonates and Apparently Healthy Population.

This cross sectional and observational study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet, during the period from 1st January 2012 to 31st December 2012 with a view to explore the seropositivity of Hepatitis G virus (HGV) in blood donors, pregnant women, new born and apparently healthy subjects. For this purpose 45 blood donors, 45 pregnant women, 45 new born babies of same mothers and 45 apparently healthy subjects were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The HGV antibody was measured in venous blood from blood donor, pregnant women and apparently healthy subjects; and cord blood from newborn babies with a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The mean age of the blood donors, pregnant women and healthy subjects was 24.9 (SD ± 3.5) years; 24.9 (SD ± 3.5) years and 22.1 (SD ± 1.5) years respectively. The overall seropositivity of HGV was 3 (1.7%). The seropostivity of HGV of blood donors, new born babies and healthy subjects was 1 (2.2%) in each group but no HGV antibody positivity among the pregnant women (p=0.797). Among the male patients 2 (2.2%) patients were seropositive for HGV; while in female patients, 1 (1.1%) patient was seropositive for HGV (p=0.547). Among the patients with previous blood transfusion 1 (1.9%) patient was seropositive for HGV; while among patients without previous blood transfusion 2 (1.6%) patients were seropositive for HGV (p=0.882). This study yielded that there is high prevalence of HGV seropositivity among population in this region of Bangladesh. So, screening of blood units for HGV would deserve consideration.

Urgência subjetiva do neonato em UTI / Subjective urgency of newborn babies in an ICU / L'urgence subjective du nouveau-né en réanimation néonatal / Urgencia subjetiva del neonato en UTI

O artigo tem por objetivo questionar alguns discursos sobre os primórdios da estruturação do sujeito para, posteriormente, construir hipóteses sobre o que estaria em jogo na experiência do neonato prematuro na UTI. Para tal, à condição do organismo biológico e às intervenções médicas oporemos as funções da fala e da linguagem como determinantes do que será constituído como trauma. Além disso,discutiremos como abordar a questão do tempo nos processos de subjetivação levados a cabo pela criança.

The objective of this article is to question certain discourses regarding the beginnings of the structuring of the subject, in order to next construct hypotheses as to what is involved in the experience of newborn babies in an ICU. For this purpose, wewill compare the condition of the biological organism and medical interventions into the functions of speech and language as determinant of what will be constituted as trauma.We will also discuss how to approach the question of time in children’s processes of subjectivation.

L’article vise à mettre en question certains discours sur les origines de lastructuration du sujet pour ensuite construire des hypothèses sur ce qui serait en jeudans l’expérience du nouveau-né prématuré en réanimation néonatale. Á cette fin, onopposera les fonctions de la parole et du langage en tant que déterminants de ce quisera constitué comme traumatisme à l’état de l’organisme biologique et auxinterventions médicales. En outre, on discutera la façon d’aborder la question du tempsdans le processus de subjectivation mené par l’enfant.

El artículo tiene como objetivo cuestionar algunos discursos sobre los albores dela estructuración del sujeto, para posteriormente, construir hipótesis sobre lo que estaría en juego en la experiencia del neonato prematuro en la UTI. Para eso. a lacondición del organismo biológico y a las intervenciones médicas o pondremos las funciones del habla y del lenguaje como determinantes de lo que se constituirá como trauma. Además, discutiremos cómo abordar la cuestión del tiempo en los procesos de subjetivación llevados a cabo por el niño.

Avaliação auditiva no recém-nascido e suas implicações éticas: [revisão] / Hearing evaluation on newborn babies and its ethical implications: [review]r

O estudo tem por finalidade examinar a produção bibliográfica que investigou o uso do teste das emissões otoacústicas em recém-nascidos realizado em hospitais, dando ênfase à aprovação do referido artigo junto ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. O método constitui-se numa revisão bibliográfica de artigos nacionais publicados em revistas brasileiras. A busca se deu por meio de bancos de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) (http://www.bireme.br), e site de busca (http://www.google.com.br), referentes aos anos de 2004 a 2006, usando os descritores emissões otoacústicas e triagem auditiva ou expressões equivalentes em neonatos, em hospitais. Outro meio foi a busca manual nas listas de referências dos artigos selecionados. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão, foram selecionados nove artigos em cinco tipos de revistas. A citação da aprovação do Comitê de Ética e assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido pelo responsável estiveram presentes na grande maioria dos artigos, demonstrando a preocupação e respeito dos pesquisadores da área para com o sujeito participante no estudo.

The study has as purpose to examine the bibliographic production that investigates the use of the test of otoacoustic emissions in newborn babies done in hospitals. It gives emphasis in the approval of the mentioned article along the Research Ethics Committee. The method consists on bibliographic revision of national articles published in Brazilian journals. The research was realized in databases of the virtual library in health (http://www.bireme.br) and at the search engine Google (http://www.google.com.br), considering the period of 2004 to 2006. The key words used were: otoacoustic emissions and hearing triage or equivalent expressions in newborn babies in hospitals. Another source was the manual search in reference lists of the selected articles. After the application of the inclusion rules, nine articles were selected in five different journals. The citation of the approval of the Ethics Committee and the signature of the Free Consent Term, which were cleared by the responsible, were present in the majority of the articles and it demonstrates the concern and respect of the researchers of this area with the participant citizen on the study.

Percepção das mães sobre o cuidado do bebê de baixo peso antes e após implantação do Método Mãe-Canguru em hospital público da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil / Maternal perception of low birth weight babies before and following the implementation of the Kangaroo Mother Care in a public hospital, in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

OBJETIVOS: aumentar a compreensão sobre os diferentes modos que as famílias de baixa renda lidam com o nascimento de um bebê pré-termo, com vistas a aprimorar a implantação do Método Mãe-Canguru (MMC). MÉTODO: estudo qualitativo realizado em São Paulo, estado de São Paulo, em 2004, no qual foram entrevistadas 19 mães antes e 22 mães após implantação do MMC. O roteiro de entrevistas incluía questões abertas, das quais emergiram as informações sobre como as mães cuidaram de seus bebês de baixo peso, os arranjos domésticos e outras medidas a que recorreram. Para análise utilizou-se a abordagem da Grounded Theory. RESULTADOS: a necessidade de cuidar de outros filhos parece ser um dos principais limitadores para a opção ao MMC. Em comparação às mães entrevistadas antes da implantação do programa, as mães-cangurus eram mais jovens, mais escolarizadas, sem outros filhos, recebiam mais ajuda nas tarefas domésticas e relataram menos dificuldades na amamentação. CONCLUSÕES: a oferta do MMC em uma maternidade da periferia de São Paulo sugere efeitos positivos sobre a amamentação. A tendência à conformação de famílias nucleares dificulta a participação das mulheres no programa. Conhecer as limitações e possibilidades de cada família pode contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento do processo de implantação.

OBJECTIVES: increase the understanding of the different ways low income families deal with a preterm baby aiming at the improvement of the Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC). METHOD: qualitative study performed in the city of São Paulo, State of São Paulo, in 2004 with the interview of 19 mothers before and 22 mothers following the implementation of the KMC. The design of the interviews included open questions to obtain information on how mothers tended their low weight babies, household arrangements and other measures they resorted to. The Grounded Theory Method Approach was used for analysis. RESULTS: the need to care for other children seems to be one of the main KMC constraints. In comparison to mothers interviewed before the program's implementation, the mothers using the KMC were younger, had more schooling, no other children and reported less difficulty in breastfeeding their babies. CONCLUSIONS: the KMC offer in a maternity in the outskirts of São Paulo reflects positive effects on breastfeeding. The tendency of nuclear families hinders women's participation in the program. Awareness of the limitations and possibilities of each family may contribute to improve the program's implementation.