A representação social da covid-19 veiculada pelo jornal O Globo durante a pandemia / The social representation of covid-19 published by the newspaper O Globo during the pandemic / La representación social de la covid-19 publicada por el diario O Globo durante la pandemia

O estudo em que se baseia este artigo objetivou discutir os conteúdos representacionais da covid-19 veiculados pelo jornal O Globo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, descritiva, pautada na teoria das representações sociais. Foram coletadas matérias jornalísticas publicadas no período de 11 de março de 2020 a 30 de junho de 2021. Ao todo, 421 matérias foram analisadas com o software de análise lexical Iramuteq. Os resultados mostram seis classes lexicais, discutidas a partir de três contextos organizadores da representação social da covid-19: as dimensões sociais e econômicas da doença; os fatores constituintes do seu enfrentamento, e a política e seus representantes na pandemia. Concluiu-se que foi possível observar o uso de formas subliminares de veiculação de uma visão neoliberal e biomédica durante a pandemia, obscurecendo o papel do Estado na redução das vulnerabilidades sociais, assim como a atuação do campo da Saúde Pública.

O estudo em que se baseia este artigo objetivou discutir os conteúdos representacionais da covid-19 veiculados pelo jornal O Globo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, descritiva, pautada na teoria das representações sociais. Foram coletadas matérias jornalísticas publicadas no período de 11 de março de 2020 a 30 de junho de 2021. Ao todo, 421 matérias foram analisadas com o software de análise lexical Iramuteq. Os resultados mostram seis classes lexicais, discutidas a partir de três contextos organizadores da representação social da covid-19: as dimensões sociais e econômicas da doença; os fatores constituintes do seu enfrentamento, e a política e seus representantes na pandemia. Concluiu-se que foi possível observar o uso de formas subliminares de veiculação de uma visão neoliberal e biomédica durante a pandemia, obscurecendo o papel do Estado na redução das vulnerabilidades sociais, assim como a atuação do campo da Saúde Pública.

El estudio en el que se basa este artículo tuvo como objetivo discutir el contenido representacional de la covid-19 publicado por el periódico O Globo. Se trata de una investigación documental, descriptiva, basada en la teoría de las representaciones sociales. Se recolectaron artículos periodísticos publicados entre el 11 de marzo de 2020 y el 30 de junio de 2021 y se analizaron 421 de ellos con el software de análisis léxico Iramuteq. Los resultados muestran seis clases léxicas, discutidas desde tres contextos organizadores de la representación social del Covid-19: las dimensiones social y económica de la enfermedad; los factores constitutivos para hacerle frente; y la política y sus representantes en la pandemia. Se concluyó que fue posible observar el uso de formas subliminales de difusión de una visión neoliberal y biomédica durante la pandemia, oscureciendo el papel del Estado en la reducción de las vulnerabilidades sociales, así como el desempeño del campo de la Salud Pública.

Malaysian Newspapers’ Coverage of Anti-vaxxers: Implication on Vaccine Intakes

@#Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) named anti-vaxxers as one of the top ten public health hazards in 2019. Anti-vaxxers are a health danger since they are mostly responsible for the re-emergence of deadly contagious diseases such as measles, which has increased in recent years. The media such as newspapers, are responsible for disseminating messages and public knowledge about health issues, particularly health hazards. To particularly combat anti-vaccine views online, newspaper must provide critical information, such as scientific and verifiable facts. Newspapers need to also take a clear stand against anti-vaccine sentiments. Method: A quantitative content analysis was conducted on four newspapers (Harian Metro, Berita Harian, New Straits Times, and The Star) over a three-year period beginning 1 January 2019 and ending 30 September 2021. The 43-month period offered adequate data for analysing reporting trends. Result: The findings suggested that newspapers do significantly report about the antivaxxers with 247 news were focused on them. Conclusion: However, the newspapers tend to only publish generic information about the antivaxxers and rarely make compelling arguments against them.

ROLE OF MATANGINI HAZRA IN GANDHIJI'S QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT: AN INTROSPECTION

Matangini Hazra was born in 1870 in Hogla village of Tamluk, in undivided Midnapore district, West Bengal, to a Mahisya family (now in West Bengal). She was a significant participant in several independence struggles, such as the protest against the Chowkidari tax and the Salt Satyagraha. She was affectionately known as 'Gandhi Buri.' She commanded one of the five batches of Vidyut Bahini volunteers sent to Tamluk by the Samar Parisad (War Council) to seize and hang the Congress flag atop the Tamluk Thana on September 29, 1942. Soldiers under the leadership of Anil Kumar Bhattacharya stopped them on their approach to the thana. Matangini Hazra was shot dead in the fire, holding the Congress flag in her hands. She was the first Quit India campaign victim in Tamluk and Midnapore. The goals of this article are to look into Gandhiji's Quit India Resolution, the role of women in the freedom struggle in Bengal, with a special focus on the Purba Medinipur district, the role of Matangini Hazra in Gandhiji's Quit India movement, and the role of the parallel tamluk national government's Biplabi newspaper. Secondary data was acquired from official publications, censuses, books, and journals for the research.

COVERAGE OF GENDER, MASCULINITY IN KANNADA NEWSPAPER ADVERTISEMENTS- A CONTENT ANALYSIS

Media is all around us, from the shows we watch on television to the music we listen to on the radio, to books, magazines, and newspapers. It informs individuals about current events and shape public opinion. The public relies on the media to keep up with current events in society. Now is the moment to reconsider and re- evaluate the country's media policy. To have an unbiased and healthy media policy in the country, several problems must be explored in depth. But, before that happens, the Indian media stalwarts should exercise causation and restraint, reporting the truth, unadulterated, undoctored, and unbiased news and perspectives, impartial analysis, and non-sensationalization of events or incidents, big or small. The purpose of this study is to examine and study the coverage of gender discrimination and the portrayal of masculinity through advertisements in Kannada Newspapers. Kannada Newspapers were taken up for study. The problem in our society is the unequal distribution of gender roles and behaviors. These in turn create havoc in the society in the name of crime, violence upon women. The root cause of all crimes in society is the prevailing attitudes of men, namely masculine attitudes, ideas, and opinions. Men are brought up in certain gendered ways, and the media further accelerates it to a certain extent. In this context, this research study is unique. The ?ndings of the study revealed that, even though women's roles in society have evolved from being con?ned within four walls to becoming self-suf?cient and independent, advertisers are still stuck on the old image of women.

O jornal diário esportivo e o ethos dos jogadores: o jogo discursivo entre amadores e profissionais (1945-1946) / The diário esportivo newspaper and the ethos of footballers: the discursive game between amateurs and professionals (1945-1946) / El periódico diário esportivo y el ethos de los jugadores: el juego discursivo entre aficionados y profesionales (1945-1946)

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar, por meio de reportagens do jornal Diário Esportivo, como os jogadores amadores e profissionais, assim como a ideia de amadorismo e profissionalismo, eram representados e veiculados entre os anos de 1945 e 1946, na cidade de Belo Horizonte/MG. Foi possível perceber uma veiculação discursiva ambígua em relação aos jogadores profissionais, ora destacados e elogiados por manterem "almas" de amadores, ora criticados e denunciados por não cumprirem de maneira satisfatória com suas obrigações laborais. A verificação de um cenário ambíguo, conflituoso e diverso demonstra as complexidades dessa experiência futebolística no contexto específico da cidade de Belo Horizonte, sugerindo um olhar mais cuidadoso para a coexistência dos regimes amador e profissional e ampliando a perspectiva da simples passagem que a ideia de transição comumente supõe. (AU)

This paper unfolds how amateur and professional football players as well as the idea of amateurism and professionalism, were represented and broadcasted, in the city of Belo Horizonte, MG, between 1945 and 1946. It particularly focuses on the news published by the sports newspaper Diário Esportivo. Through this material, the manuscript explores the ambiguous discursive placement in relation to professional players. It shows how sometimes the news highlighted and praised for maintaining "souls" of amateurs, sometimes they criticized and denounced the players for not fulfilling their work obligations satisfactorily. The verification of an ambiguous, conflicting and diverse scenario demonstrates the complexities of this football experience in the specific context of the city of Belo Horizonte. Moreover, it also suggests a more careful look at the coexistence of amateur and professional regimes and expanding the perspective of the simple passage that the idea of transition commonly suppose. (AU)

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar, a través de reportajes del periódico Diário Esportivo, cómo jugadores aficionados y profesionales, así como la idea de afición y profesionalidad, fueron representados y difundidos entre 1945 y 1946, en la ciudad de Belo Horizonte, MG. Fue posible percibir una difusión discursiva ambigua con relación a los jugadores profesionales, a veces destacados y elogiados por mantener "almas" de aficionados, otras veces criticados y denunciados por no cumplir satisfactoriamente con sus obligaciones laborales. La constatación de un escenario ambiguo, conflictivo y diverso demuestra las complejidades de esta experiencia futbolística en el contexto específico de la ciudad de Belo Horizonte, lo que pide una mirada más cuidadosa hacia la coexistencia de los regímenes aficionado y profesional, ampliando la perspectiva de que se trata de un simple paso que suele suponer la idea de transición. (AU)

Influências da Argentina no advento do profissionalismo brasileiro: uma análise da revista el gráfico e do jornal dos sports (1930-1933) / Argentina's influence on the advent of Brazilian professionalism: an analysis of el gráfico magazine and jornal dos sports (1930-1933) / Influencias de Argentina en la instauración del profesionalismo brasileño: un análisis de la revista el gráfico y del jornal dos sports (1930-1933)

Resumo O presente artigo objetivou analisar as influências, no contexto brasileiro, da instauração do regime profissional no futebol argentino, entre os anos de 1930 e 1933. Para isso, foram analisadas reportagens de dois importantes periódicos publicados nos dois países: El Gráfico (Argentina) e Jornal dos Sports (Brasil). Pode-se concluir que as ideias e ações colocadas em prática no país vizinho, que culminou no profissionalismo do futebol em 1931, seriam amplamente divulgadas no Brasil como um exemplo a ser seguido, como uma receita de sucesso para o futebol local. Esse aparato discursivo, recheado de dados quantitativos, pode ser considerado uma face importante da adoção do profissionalismo no Brasil, no ano de 1933.

Abstract This article aimed to analyze the influences, in the Brazilian context, of the establishment of the professional regime in Argentine soccer, between 1930 and 1933. In this way, reports from two important periodicals published in both countries were analyzed: El Gráfico (Argentina) and Jornal dos Sports (Brazil). It can be concluded that the ideas and actions put into practice in the neighboring country, which culminated in professional soccer in 1931, would be widely publicized in Brazil as an example to be followed, as a recipe for success for local soccer. This discursive apparatus, filled with quantitative data, can be considered an important face of the adoption of professionalism in Brazil, in the year 1933.

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar las influencias, en el contexto brasileño, de la instauración del régimen profesional en el fútbol argentino, entre 1930 y 1933. Para ello, se analizaron reportajes de dos importantes periódicos publicados en esos países: El Gráfico (Argentina) y Jornal dos Sports (Brasil). Se puede concluir que las ideas y acciones puestas en práctica en el país vecino, que culminaron en la profesionalización del fútbol en 1931, serían ampliamente divulgadas en Brasil como ejemplo a seguir, como receta de éxito para el fútbol local. Este aparato discursivo, lleno de datos cuantitativos, puede considerarse como un factor importante de la adopción del profesionalismo en Brasil, en el año 1933.

Cuidado do idoso durante a pandemia no Brasil: análise das matérias jornalísticas / Cuidado al adulto mayor durante la pandemia en Brasil: análisis de artículos periodísticos / Caring for the elderly during the pandemic in Brazil: An analysis of newspaper articles

Objetivo: analisar as matérias sobre o cuidado do idoso durante a pandemia da covid-19 publicadas por três jornais considerados de maior circulação no Brasil. Materiais e métodos: estudo documental, retrospectivo, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, com análise qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados de matérias publicadas on-line nos jornais O Globo, O Estado de São Paulo e Correio Braziliense, de acesso livre, de 1 de janeiro a 31 de maio de 2020. Resultados: foram identificadas 2.147 notícias com a temática cuidado do idoso no Brasil durante a pandemia da covid-19 e, ao final, selecionadas 25. A análise possibilitou a criação de quatro categorias: i) população idosa e risco de morte por covid-19; ii) internação e sistema de saúde diante da pandemia; iii) medo e medidas de enfrentamento da população diante da pandemia e iv) profissionais de saúde e luta contra a covid-19. Conclusões: identificou-se, nas notícias analisadas, que as informações sobre o cuidado do idoso com covid-19 relacionaram-se ao medo de que isso os levasse à UTI e, consequentemente, a óbito, mesmo diante dos esforços dos profissionais de saúde para assegurar esse cuidado e evitar o colapso do sistema de saúde.

Objetivo: analizar los artículos sobre atención al adulto mayor durante la pandemia por COVID-19 publicados en los tres periódicos de mayor circulación en Brasil. Materiales y métodos: estudio documental, retrospectivo, exploratorio y descriptivo, con análisis cualitativo. Los datos fueron recopilados de artículos de acceso abierto publicados en la versión web de los periódicos O Globo, O Estado de S. Paulo y Correio Braziliense entre el 1 de enero y 31 de mayo de 2020 Resultados: se identificaron 2.147 artículos sobre el tema de atención al adulto mayor durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Brasil. Al final, fueron seleccionados 25. El análisis permitió la creación de cuatro categorías: i) población de adultos mayores y riesgo de muerte por COVID-19; ii) hospitalización y sistema de salud frente a la pandemia; iii) miedo y medidas adoptadas por la población ante la pandemia; y iv) profesionales de la salud y la lucha contra la COVID-19. Conclusiones: se identificó en las noticias analizadas que la información sobre el cuidado del adulto mayor con COVID-19 se relacionaba con el temor de que la enfermedad los llevara a la UCI y, posiblemente, a la muerte, a pesar de los esfuerzos de los profesionales de la salud por asegurar el cuidado de los pacientes y evitar el colapso del sistema de salud.

Objective: To analyze the articles dealing with the care for the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil published by the three main newspapers in this country. Materials and methods: Documentary, retrospective, exploratory, and descriptive study under a qualitative approach. The data were collected from open access articles published from January 1 to May 31, 2020, in the online version of the newspapers O Globo, O Estado de S. Paulo, and Correio Braziliense. Results: A total of 2,147 news items on the topic of elderly care in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic were identified. From these, a sample of 25 articles was selected. The analysis enabled the creation of four categories: i) elderly population and risk of death by COVID-19; ii) hospitalization and health system in the face of the pandemic; iii) fear and measures adopted by the population during the pandemic; and iv) health professionals and the fight against COVID-19. Conclusions: Based on the news examined, it was identified that information about the care for elderly with COVID-19 was mainly related to the fear that the disease would lead them to an ICU and, possibly, to death, despite the efforts made by health professionals to ensure patients' care and avoid the collapse of the health system.

A AIDS personificada no jornal Correio de Notícias (PR), 1987 a 1992 / AIDS personified in the newspaper Correio de Notícias (PR), 1987 to 1992 / Personificación del SIDA en el periódico Correio de Notícias (PR), 1987 a 1992

O artigo analisa as representações sociais sobre sujeitos identificados com sorologia positiva para HIV e/ou adoecidos pela aids veiculadas pelo periódico Correio de Notícias entre os anos de 1987 e 1992. Buscou-se perceber como um veículo de comunicação com circulação expressiva no estado do Paraná construiu uma determinada imagem encarnada do soropositivo para o HIV, em um período em que a AIDS era comumente considerada um vaticínio de morte e no qual a imprensa correntemente utilizava-se do termo 'aidético'. A partir dos dados obtidos, fez-se análise de conteúdo das matérias jornalísticas, com suporte na teoria das Representações Sociais. Identificou-se uma pluralidade de categorias temáticas, sobressaindo-se um conjunto de representações cujo significado mais imediato reforçou a estigmatização da pessoa com HIV e/ ou adoecida pela AIDS a partir de sua associação com crime, delito e contravenção.

The article analyzes the social representations of people with HIV and/or sick of AIDS that were published by the newspaper Correio de Notícias between 1987 and 1992. The main purpose of the analysis was to understand how a newspaper of significant circulation in the state of Paraná built a certain stereotypic image of people HIV-positive at a time when the disease was considered a death prediction. From the obtained data, a content analysis of the journalistic materials was made, with support from the theory of the Social Representations. The survey identified a plurality of thematic categories with a set of representations whose most immediate significance reinforced the stigmatization of the person with HIV and/or sick of AIDS with an association with crime and misdemeanor.

El artículo analiza las representaciones sociales de personas con VIH y/o enfermo de SIDA vehiculadas por el periódico Correio de Notícias entre 1987 y 1992. El propósito principal del análisis fue comprender cómo un periódico de circulación expresiva en el estado de Paraná construyó una determinada imagen encarnada del VIH positivo, en un período en que la enfermedad se consideraba una predicción de muerte. A partir de los datos obtenidos, se realizó un análisis de contenido de los materiales periodísticos, con el apoyo de la teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. El análisis identificó una pluralidad de categorías temáticas con un conjunto de representaciones cuyo significado más inmediato reforzó la estigmatización de la persona con VIH y/o con manifestación de estar enfermo de SIDA con una asociación con el crimen, el delito y otros desórdenes.

Juventude em foco: representações sociais da juventude na Folha de S. Paulo / Youth in focus: social representations of youth in Folha de S. Paulo / Juventud en foco: representaciones sociales de la juventud en folha de s. paulo

Resumo Este estudo é uma pesquisa documental que investigou as representações sociais da juventude em matérias do jornal Folha de S.Paulo. A busca pelas reportagens ocorreu no site do jornal, tendo como critério de inclusão os descritores "juventude" e "jovem", e terem sido publicadas no período de 1 de janeiro de 2014 a 31 de dezembro de 2014. Ao todo, foram registradas 165 reportagens sobre juventude e organizadas segundo as variáveis: a) ordem de entrada no banco; b) caderno; c) ano; e d) versão on-line ou impressa. Para análise dos dados, foram realizados três procedimentos: análise da classificação hierárquica descendente (CHD), análise de similitude do corpus textual das matérias por meio do software Iramuteq e, ainda, a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Entre os resultados, destaca-se uma das representações sociais da mídia paulista sobre juventude evidenciada nas três análises, aquela relacionada a problemas envolvendo jovens. A representação social da juventude se ancora em um conhecimento socialmente partilhado sobre a figura negativa dos jovens sem formação ou qualificação profissional, de baixa renda e sem trabalho. Verificou-se também que a imprensa aponta aspectos que contemplem a ideia de juventudes: uma mais transitória, concebida pelos aspectos do desenvolvimento humano, como o desenvolvimento de habilidades, a entrada no mundo adulto e as perspectivas de futuro, e outra mais estanque, focada nos problemas e na falta de perspectivas juvenis.

Abstract This documentary research investigated the social representations of the youth in matters of the newspaper Folha de S.Paulo. The search for the reports took place on the website of the newspaper, having as inclusion criteria the descriptors: "juventude", "jovem" - published in the period between 01/01/2014 and 12/31/2014. A total of 165 youth reports were recorded and organized variables: a) number of entry into the bank, b) notebook, c) year and d) version - online or printed. For data analysis, three procedures were performed: analysis of descending hierarchical classification, analysis of similarity of the textual corpus provided by the materials with use of the application software Iramuteq, as well as Bardin's content analysis. The results show one of the social representations of the São Paulo media about youth evidenced in the three analyses, related to problems involving young people. The social representation of youth is anchored in a socially shared knowledge of young people through negative information attributed to young people with no education or professional qualification, low income and no work. The press was also shown to point to aspects that contemplate the idea of youth: a more transient one, conceived by aspects of human development, such as development of skills, entry into the adult world and prospects for the future, and another, more conservative, focused on problems and lack of youth perspectives.

Resumen El presente estudio es una investigación documental sobre las representaciones sociales de la juventud en materias del diario Folha de S.Paulo. La búsqueda de los reportajes ocurrió en el sitio web del periódico, teniendo como criterio de inclusión los descriptores: "juventud" y "joven", publicados en el período del 01/01/2014 al 31/12/2014. En total se registraron 165 reportajes sobre juventud y organizados según las variables: a) orden de entrada en el banco, b) cuaderno, c) año y d) versión on line o impresa. Para el análisis de los datos, se realizaron tres procedimientos: análisis de la clasificación jerárquica descendente, análisis de similitud del corpus textual de las materias por medio del software Iramuteq y análisis de contenido de Bardin. En los resultados se destacan una de las representaciones sociales de los medios paulistas sobre juventud evidenciada en los tres análisis, la relacionada a problemas que involucra a jóvenes. La representación social de la juventud se ancla en un conocimiento socialmente compartido sobre la figura negativa de los jóvenes sin formación o cualificación profesional, de bajos ingresos y sin trabajo. Se verificó también que la prensa apunta a aspectos que contemplan la idea de juventudes: una más transitoria, concebida por los aspectos del desarrollo humano, como el desarrollo de habilidades, la entrada en el mundo adulto y las perspectivas para el futuro, y otra, más estanca, enfocada en problemas y falta de perspectivas juveniles.

Semantic Network Analysis of Iussues Related to Mental Illness in Korea Media: Focusing on the Five Major Media from 2016 to 2018 / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the trend of press reports on mental illness in Korea to help set a desirable direction for future press reports on the subject.METHODS: This study adopted the method of semantic network analysis to analyze the trend of press reporting on mental illness in Korea. The study analyzed 1253 newspaper articles from 2016 to 2018 published by the five major Korean press: The Kyunghyang Shinmun, The Dong-A Ilbo, The Chosun Ilbo, The JoongAng Ilbo, and The Hankyoreh.RESULTS: The number of articles on mental illness is on the decline year by year, with 465 articles in 2016, 406 in 2017, and 382 in 2018. According to keyword analysis, the order of the words of the highest frequency is as follows: treatment (659), patients (486), mental health (466), incidents (436), and children and adolescents (413). In terms of the Degree Centrality, Closeness Centrality, and Betweenness Centrality, the following words are commonly ranked within the top 10 on the lists: treatment, children and adolescents, patient, mental health, depressive disorder, family, suicide, and counselling.CONCLUSION: The press should pay more attention to mental illness, and its reporting should guarantee accuracy, objectivity, fairness, diversity, and social responsibility. In addition, reports on mental illness need to provide balanced health information, considering the readers, from basic information on mental illness to detailed treatment methods. Establishing reporting guidelines for mental illness would help reduce harm and prejudice related to mental illness and increase access to treatment.

Hospital care for elderly COVID-19 patients / Atendimento hospitalar ao idoso com COVID-19 / Atención hospitalaria al adulto mayor con COVID-19

Objective: to analyze the newspaper articles on hospital care for elderly COVID-19 patients in online newspapers. Method: documentary, retrospective, descriptive and exploratory research. The data were collected from articles published on open-access websites of 12 newspapers from the following countries: Brazil, Spain, United States, France, Italy and Portugal. Results: out of 4,220 newspaper articles identified in this regard, 101 were selected after applying the inclusion criteria, the majority coming from Italy. The data analysis revealed three thematic categories: the care for patients with COVID-19 in the health system; the work process of the health team and its concern with contagion; and ethical dilemma in care for the elderly during hospitalization. Conclusion: the COVID-19 pandemic presented itself quickly and was widely reported in all countries. The health systems need to reorganize for care to the global population, especially the elderly, considering their weaknesses and also the lack of prior professional training to offer care to this population.

Objetivo: analisar as matérias jornalísticas sobre o atendimento hospitalar aos idosos com COVID-19 nos veículos de comunicação online. Método: pesquisa documental, retrospectiva, descritiva e exploratória. Os dados foram coletados de matérias publicadas em websites de acesso livre de 12 jornais dos seguintes países: Brasil, Espanha, Estados Unidos, França, Itália e Portugal. Resultados: do total de 4.220 matérias jornalísticas identificadas a esse respeito, 101 foram selecionadas após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão, a maioria proveniente da Itália. A análise dos dados revelou três categorias temáticas: O atendimento ao paciente com COVID-19 no sistema de saúde; Processo de trabalho da equipe de saúde e sua preocupação com o contágio; e Dilema ético no atendimento ao idoso durante a internação hospitalar. Conclusão: a pandemia da COVID-19 se apresentou de forma rápida e foi bastante noticiada em todos os países. É necessário que os sistemas de saúde se reorganizem para o atendimento à população mundial, sobretudo ao idoso, considerando suas fragilidades e também a ausência de capacitação profissional prévia para oferecer assistência a essa população.

Objetivo: analizar las noticias periodísticas sobre la atención hospitalaria a los adultos mayores con COVID-19 en los medios de comunicación on-line. Método: estudio documental, retrospectivo, descriptivo y exploratorio. Los datos fueron recolectados de materias publicadas en las páginas web de libre acceso de 12 periódicos de Brasil, España, Estados Unidos, Francia, Italia y Portugal. Resultados: de 4,220 noticias periodísticas identificadas sobre el tema de estudio, 101 fueron seleccionados posterior a los criterios de inclusión, siendo la mayoría de Italia. Al análisis de los datos se identificó tres categorías temáticas: La atención al paciente con COVID-19 en el sistema de salud; Proceso del trabajo del equipo de salud y su preocupación al contagio y Dilema ético en la atención al adulto mayor durante su hospitalización. Conclusión: la pandemia de COVID-19 se presentó de forma rápida y fue difundida en todos los países. Es necesario que los sistemas de salud se reorganicen para la atención de la población en el mundo, especialmente al adulto mayor, tomando en cuenta su fragilidad y también la ausencia de una previa capacitación profesional para ofrecer atención a esta población.

Marcello Gentilli : trazos de justicia en primera plana / Marcello Gentilli : Strokes of justice on the front page

¿Qué más descartable y perecedero que una hoja de diario ? Con esta pregunta inicial Fabio Norcini nos acerca a la obra de Marcelo Gentilli. Se trata del valor de rescatar los restos de noticias olvidadas, dignificadas a partir de la mirada del artista. A la manera de un original palimpsesto, los dibujos de Gentilli cubren y des-cubren el papel de diario, produciendo un efecto inesperado y sorprendente.

What more disposable and perishable than a newspaper sheet ? With this initial question Fabio Norcini brings us closer to the work of Marcelo Gentilli. It is about the value of rescuing the remains of forgotten news, dignified from the artist's point of view. In the manner of an original palimpsest, Gentilli's drawings cover and uncover the journal paper, producing an unexpected and surprising effect.

Analysis of Women's Health Online News Articles Using Topic Modeling

OBJECTIVES: This research aimed to understand the popularity of topics in the field of women's health through analysis of online news articles which were chronologically classified and examined to determine how women's health and diseases had changed over time. METHODS: Women's health and disease news articles were collated from a popular news website between 1993 to 2015 and preprocessed using gynecological medical terminology, Korean words and nouns (excluding general nouns not related to women's healthcare topics). The resultant articles (N = 7,710) were analyzed using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithm and major topics were extracted. Topic trends were analyzed by year and period for women's health. RESULTS: It was observed that most of the women's health articles were focused on “Healthcare”, and 9 other topics were identified that represented a relatively small proportion in 1993–2000. In 2001–2005, most of the articles were focused on “Medical Services” and “Dietary Supplements” with some specific topics that peaked people's interest, as compared to those focused on “Healthcare” in the 1990s. It was also observed that differences in the proportion of each topic was small after 2011. CONCLUSION: Changes in topics related to women's disease were not clearly distinguished in the 1990s but this changed from 2001where articles related to “women disease” appeared as articles on the topics of various diseases.

Mídia e esporte: representações sobre treinadores em um jornal impresso / Media and sport: representations of coaches in a newspaper / Medios de comunicación y deporte: representación de entrenadores en un periódico

Resumo O estudo buscou identificar e analisar os conteúdos relacionados a esportes e treinadores na mídia impressa. O material de análise foi composto por 41 colunas esportivas, publicadas por jornal de grande circulação nacional durante um mês. Os dados foram tratados pela análise de conteúdo. Verificou-se que o tema predominante foi o futebol masculino de grandes clubes e que 24 das 41 colunas apresentaram conteúdo sobre treinadores. Constatou-se que os discursos apresentaram um teor avaliativo sobre o trabalho dos treinadores, contribuíram para a formação de opinião sobre a competência ou incompetência dos profissionais e para a construção de uma representação deles perante o público.

Abstract The study sought to identify and analyse the content related to sports and coaches in the print media. The analysis material was composed of 41 sports columns, published by large national newspaper for a month. The data were analysed by content analysis. It was found that the predominant theme was the male football big clubs and that 24 of the 41 speakers presented content on coaches. It was found that the speeches had an evaluative content of the work of coaches, contributing to the formation of opinion about the competence or incompetence of professionals and to build a representation of them to the public.

Resumen El estudio trata de identificar y analizar el contenido relacionado con el deporte y los entrenadores en los medios impresos. El material de análisis se compone de 41 columnas deportivas, publicadas por un diario importante a nivel nacional durante un mes. Los datos se analizaron mediante el análisis de contenido. Se encontró que el tema predominante fueron los grandes clubes de fútbol masculino y que 24 de los 41 oradores presentaron contenido de los entrenadores. Se encontró que los informes tenían un contenido evaluador del trabajo de los entrenadores, lo que contribuye a la formación de opinión sobre la competencia o incompetencia de los profesionales y a la construcción de una representación de ellos para el público.

A Frame Analysis of Nurse-related Articles from Korean Daily Newspapers / 한국간호교육학회지

PURPOSE: This study analyzed how the four nurse-related news items ‘talent show,’‘neonatal death,’‘nurse's death,’ and ‘sexual harassment’ were portrayed in Korean daily newspaper articles. METHODS: A total of 392 newspaper articles published from November 2017 to May 2018 were retrieved through the internet homepages of three newspapers, the Chosun Ilbo, the Dong-a Ilbo, and the JoongAng Ilbo and through a database for 13 other newspapers. Articles were analyzed for their views on nurses and their structural and contextual frames. RESULTS: Articles with the highest frequency of mentioning nurses' death appeared in the JoongAng Ilbo; these were written as straight news articles. In the analyzed articles, nurses were portrayed mostly as victims, troublemakers, passive, or selfish. Articles were written mostly in episodic, incident notice, or attribution of responsibility frames. CONCLUSION: It was not uncommon to read articles with negative views on nurses; most of these articles focused only the four major incidents as straight news type stories. Future efforts are needed to study the implications of newspaper articles with negative views on nurses and the frames most commonly used.

Allergic disease-related articles in Korean newspapers (1920–1972 year)

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate which Korean newspaper articles were reported on allergic diseases before the establishment of the Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology (KAAACI). METHODS: This study was performed in 3 newspapers, Chosun Ilbo, DongA Ilbo, and JoongAng Ilbo, which were founded and used the databases established before the establishment of KAAACI in 1972. The databases were searched using 42 keywords associated with allergic diseases (allergy, asthma, rhinitis, etc.). RESULTS: Among the 42 keywords, there were only 7 that were able to search: allergy, urticaria, asthma, dermatitis, rhinitis, pollen and eczema. The total number of articles related to allergic diseases were 62, as follows: allergy (n=21), urticaria (n=15), asthma (n=8), dermatitis (n=8), rhinitis (n=5), pollen (n=3), and eczema (n=2). There were 31 articles in Chosun Ilbo, 9 in DongA Ilbo, and 22 in JoongAng Ilbo. The first allergic disease published in the newspapers was asthma on the article entitled “Treat the cause of asthma” (on page 8 of November 10, 1960 DongA Ilbo). The first article that used the term allergy appeared in a column entitled, “Childhood illness and allergy” (on page 4 of May 30, 1960 DongA Ilbo). CONCLUSION: Since 1920, articles related to allergic diseases published in the Korean newspapers increased every year. These articles may have appeared due to the increase in the prevalence of allergic disease and the pioneering efforts of senior allergy researchers.

Doctors' Images Represented in the Korean Press: From a Perspective of the Korean Doctor's Role 2014 / 의학교육논단

This study examined doctors' images represented in the Korean press to identify overall public perceptions of doctors and to suggest areas for improvement to enhance their image. All news reports published in the two major Korean daily newspapers between years 2011 and 2015 related to doctors and the practice of medicine were searched and collected. The news reports were categorized into the five competency domains in the Korean doctor's role (i.e., patient care, communication and cooperation, social accountability, professionalism, and education and research). Each news item was coded as being either positive or negative and was given a score regarding the extent to which positive or negative image that it represents of doctors using the Doctor Image Scale (DIS) score. A total of 314 news reports were collected, a majority of which were on patient care (36%), professionalism (33%), and social accountability (23%). Positive stories slightly outnumbered negative ones (56% vs. 44%). The largest number of positive news reports was in patient care (n=82); negative news reports most frequently appeared in professionalism (n=99) and patient care (n=32). The total DIS score was also positive (+28): the highest positive DIS score was in social accountability (+164); the highest negative DIS score was obtained in professionalism (−226). This study revealed overall positive portrayals of doctors in the Korean press, yet doctors need to better comply with regulations and ethical guidelines and enhance their medical knowledge and clinical skills and to improve their image.

A Study of the Accuracy and Reliability of Articles about Alopecia in Newspapers

BACKGROUND: There is growing interest in alopecia among the general population. Many people obtain information from easily accessible media rather than from doctors; thus, the media can play an important role in shaping public opinion. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to evaluate the content and reliability of newspaper articles on alopecia. METHODS: Newspapers were categorized into three groups: one group of print newspapers and two groups of online newspapers. Online newspapers were further divided into two groups according to type of publishing company; one publishes both print and online newspapers and the other publishes online newspapers only. The most frequently subscribed or circulated newspaper in each group was selected. Articles containing information on alopecia were selected from 3 years of each newspaper and evaluated for reliability. RESULTS: Most articles in each group used the general term “alopecia” instead of naming a specific hair loss disease. The majority of articles were based on consultation with experts. Assessment of the accuracy of articles with three grade scales showed that the percentage with high accuracy was 38.9%, 47.2%, and 23.3%. Assessment of reliability scores for five selected articles in each group showed that there were statistically significant differences between common readers and dermatologists (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that closer monitoring of the media is required to supply easily accessible, balanced, and trustworthy information regarding alopecia.

A História da Expansão da Inclusão Escolar e as Demandas para o Ensino Comum Veiculadas por um Jornal1 / The History of Expansion of School Inclusion and the Demands of Regular Education Disseminated by a Newspaper

RESUMO: Na transição do século XX para o XXI, com o advento do movimento internacional para a Educação Inclusiva, a Educação Especial brasileira começou a traçar novos rumos para sua história, e transformações significativas na condução das políticas educacionais começaram a ocorrer em todo o país. Considerando que a história da Educação Especial brasileira tem sido descrita predominantemente com base em textos oficiais, o presente estudo teve como objetivo recontar e analisar as histórias sobre a repercussão da expansão da inclusão escolar e as demandas para o ensino comum em um jornal de grande circulação no país. O corpus documental foi constituído por 295 textos publicados no jornal O Estado de S. Paulo no período de 1997 a 2004, que dispuseram ao menos de um descritor previamente estabelecido. Ao se resgatar algumas histórias contadas pelo jornal, pôde-se identificar o aumento no número de matrículas do público-alvo da Educação Especial no ensino regular, com destaques para a exposição de experiências bem-sucedidas de inclusão escolar nas escolas privadas, ao passo que, no caso das escolas públicas, foram retratados problemas e desafios. Assim, a ideologia decorrente do confronto dessas histórias é discutida.

ABSTRACT: In the transition from the 20th to the 21st century, with the coming of the international movement to Inclusive Education, the Brazilian Special Education started to draw new directions to its history, and significant transformations in the conduct of education policies began to occur throughout the country. Considering that the history of Brazilian Special Education has been described predominantly based on official texts, this study had the objective of retelling and analyzing the stories about the repercussion of the expansion of school inclusion and the demands for the regular teaching in a newspaper of great circulation in the country. The documentary corpus consisted of 295 texts published in the newspaper O Estado de S. Paulo from 1997 to 2004, which were disposed of at least one describer, previously established. By bringing back some stories told by the newspaper, it was possible to identify an increase in the number of enrollments of the target population of Special Education in regular education, with an emphasis on the exposition of successful experiences of school inclusion in private schools, whereas, in the case of public schools, problems and challenges were portrayed. Thus, the ideology arising from the confrontation between these stories is discussed.

Clasificación de perfiles de lectores de un periódico digital / Classification of readers profiles of a digital journal

En este artículo de investigación, se analizó el comportamiento de lectores de un periódico digital, con el objetivo de encontrar los perfiles asociados al uso del sitio Web, con el propósito de definir estrategias de contenidos y nuevos productos del periódico. Se tomó una muestra de 689 usuarios, correspondiente a tres meses de actividad, a través de la herramienta Google Analytics; se determinaron las secciones del diario que se utilizaban en cada visita por los usuarios, para consolidar así la base de datos. En el proceso de análisis, se utilizaron las técnicas multivariadas, análisis de componentes principales y análisis de clúster, por medio, de la cual, se lograron gráficos y visualizaciones, que permiten una mejor interpretación de los resultados y ayudan al proceso de creación de perfiles de usuario. El resultado muestra la identificación de tres perfiles de usuario, para los cuales, se han definido estrategias de contenidos y de nuevos productos.

In this article, we analyzed the behavior of readers of a digital newspaper in order to find the profiles associated with the use of the website, in order to define content strategies and new newspaper products. A sample of 689 users was taken corresponding to three months of activity, through the tool Google Analytics, it was determined the sections of the newspaper that were used in each visit by the users to consolidate the database. In the process of analysis, the multivariate techniques are used main component analysis and cluster analysis, by means of which graphs and visualizations were obtained that allow a better interpretation of the results and help to the process of creation of user profiles. The result shows the identification of three user profiles, for which content strategies and new products have been defined.