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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of nickel sulfate on cell survival rate and apoptosis of normal human liver L02 cells. METHODS: i) L02 cells in logarithmic growth phase were divided into 9 groups, each with 6 wells. L02 cells in each group were treated with 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 μmol/L nickel sulfate. The survival rate of L02 cells was determined by CCK-8 assay after cells were treated for 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. The nickel sulfate exposure dose and exposure time for subsequent experiments were selected based on the results of CCK-8 assay. ii) L02 cells in logarithmic growth phase were divided into control group, 100 and 300 μmol/L dose groups, and were exposed to 0, 100 and 300 μmol/L nickel sulfate for 12 hours, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the relative protein expression of B cell lymphoma/leukemia 2(BCL-2), Bcl-2 related protein X(BAX), caspase-3, phosphorylated RNA-dependent protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(p-PERK), phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α(p-eIF2α), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein(CHOP) and glucose regulatory protein 78(GRP78). RESULTS: i) After treatment with nickel sulfate, the survival rate of cells decreased with the increase of dose and the prolongation of exposure time(all P values were <0.01). According to the half inhibitory concentration of nickel sulfate on L02 cells, the nickel sulfate exposure time in subsequent experiments was selected as 12 hours, and the exposure concentration was 100 and 300 μmol/L. ii) Compared with the control group, the relative expression of BCL-2 protein in L02 cells in the 100 and 300 μmol/L dose groups decreased(all P values were <0.05), while the relative protein expression of BAX, caspase-3 protein and ratio BAX/BCL-2 increased(all P values were <0.05). Compared with 100 μmol/L dose group, the relative expression of BCL-2 protein in L02 cells of 300 μmol/L dose group decreased(P<0.05), while the relative expression of BAX and caspase-3 protein and the ratio of BAX/BCL-2 increased(all P values were <0.05). Compared with the control group, the relative expression levels of p-PERK, p-eIF2α, CHOP and GRP78 protein in L02 cells were increased in 100 and 300 μmol/L dose groups(all P values were P<0.05). Compared with 100 μmol/L dose group, the relative expression levels of p-eIF2α, CHOP and GRP78 protein in 300 μmol/L dose group were increased(all P values were<0.05).CONCLUSION: Nickel sulfate can regulate the expression of apoptosis related proteins and PERK signaling pathway related proteins in L02 cells, aggravate apoptosis of L02 cells and decrease the cell survival rate.
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Introduction:Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) was thought to be infrequent in children. However, there isincreasing number of case reports and cross-sectional studies that indicate ACD is not as rare aspreviously thought. This study aims to explore the pattern of allergic contact dermatitis in childrenand adolescent patients.Methods:This is a retrospective study of children and adolescent patients between 5 and 19-years-old whounderwent patch test in the Department of Dermatology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia fromJanuary 2010 to December 2016. Patch tests were performed with European Baseline Series andother additional commercial series. Readings were recorded according to the International ContactDermatitis Research Group recommendation.Results:There were 116 children and adolescent patients who underwent patch test. The median age of patientswas 14 years (range: 5-19) with a male to female ratio of 1: 2.7. Seventy patients had dermatitisinvolving the upper limbs (60.3%), followed by 61(52.6%) patients with dermatitis involving thelower limbs, 36(31.0%) patients with face and ears involvement and 31(26.7%) patients with truncalinvolvement. Of the 116 patients, 74(63.8%) had at least one positive patch test reaction. The 5most common allergens were nickel sulfate (39.2%), fragrance mix (17.6%), potassium dichromate(14.9%), cobalt chloride (12.2%), methylcholoroisothiozolinone and methylisothiozolinone (KathonCG) (8.1%) and thimerosal (8.1%).Conclusion:Around 64% of our children and adolescents had a positive patch test reaction. Patch testing shouldbe recommended for children and adolescents suspected to have allergic contact dermatitis.
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Among the chemical hazards, heavy metal like nickel (Ni) is considered to be a serious one. It induces severe liver and kidney damage by altering several marker enzymes and ascorbate-cholesterol metabolism. The objective of the study was to investigate the possible protective role of α-tocopherol on NiSO4 (Ni II) exposed alteration of hematological parameters, markers of liver and kidney functions, hepatic and renal antioxidant defense system in male albino rats. We have studied the effects of α-tocopherol supplementation on nickel sulfate induced alteration of body weight, hematology, liver and kidney toxicity markers (SGOT, SGPT, total protein, urea, creatinine) and hepatic and renal antioxidant defense system of male albino rats. Nickel toxicity results in decreased body weight gain and relative liver and kidney weight. Nickel treatment also resulted in alteration of hematological parameters along with increased liver and kidney toxicity markers. Nickel sulfate administration significantly increased the level of lipid peroxides and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities in hepatic and renal tissue. Simultaneous treatment with á-tocopherol exhibited a possible protective role on the toxic effect of nickel on body and organ weights, hematological parameters, SGPT activity and improved tissue antioxidant defense system. α-tocopherol, may partially prevent nickel induced alteration of hematological and biochemical parameters as well as have amelioratic effects on nickel induced alteration of antioxidant status of liver and kidney.
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Objective To study hepatotoxicity and superoxide dismutase(SOD) acitvity produced by mixture of Nickel Sulfate,Potassium Dichromate and Cobalt Chloride.Mehtods Hepatotoxicity and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity of mixture of Nickel Sulfate,Potassium Dichromate and Cobalt Chloride were detected by ip in mice.Results The liver weights were increased consistently during three weeds treatment.It was showed in histology study that hepatocytes swelling,necrosis and congestion wigh blood in venae interlobares hepatis.The SOD activity of liver and blood decreased after one week treatment but increased the following two weeks treatment.Conclusions Mixture of Nickel Sulfate,Potassium Dichromate and Cobalt Chloride had obvious hepatotoxicity and a certain lipid peroxiodation effect in vivo.
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Objective: To study the effects of pharmaco-serum from rabbits administrated intragastrically with Fuzheng Jiedu decoction(FJD) on injured human bronchial epithelial(16HBE) cells exposed to nickel sulfate(NiSO4).Methods: Cultured 16HBE cells were treated with both NiSO4 and different doses of FJD pharmaco-serum in vitro.The detections of cell activities and viabilities were carried out.Meanwhile,activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) as well as maleic dialdehyde(MDA) contents were measured.Results: FJD pharmaco-serum could decrease mortalities and increase viabilities of 16HBE cells exposed to NiSO4.In cells co-treated with NiSO4 and FJD pharmaco-serum,the content of MDA was decreased,while GSH-Px and SOD activities were increased at the same time.High dose of FJD pharmaco-serum had the most dramatic effect.Conclusion: This study suggested that FJD could antagonize NiSO4-induced toxicity,which may be involved in its antioxidant function.
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Objective: This study sought to determine through patch testing the ten most common allergens among patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and thus, provide dermatologists with a useful guide in patient evaluation and counseling regarding the avoidance of triggering factors that perpetuate their allergic skin problemsDesign: An observational desriptive studySetting: Tertiary government hospitalPatients: A total of 119 patients who presented with skin lesions at the outpatient section of the JRRMMC Dermatology Department from July 1991-June 1995 were patch tested. From these, 80 patients diagnosed to have ACD were given emphasis in the final analysis and evaluationResults: Of the total 119 patients patch tested during this 4-year time period, 80 patients (67.22%) were clinically diagnosed to have allergic contact dermatitis. The sites of dermatitis commonly affected in this group were the feet, the hands and the arms. the ten most common skin sensitizers identified among these patients were as folows: fragrance mix, nickel sulfate, potassium dichromate and thiurum mix-both at third, p-phenylenediamine, cinnamic aldehyde, balsam of Peru, epoxy resin and paraben mix-both at seventh, carba rubber mix, bronopol and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole both at ninth, wool alcohol and mercapto-mix sharing the tenth place. It is interesting to note that the top five allergens in this group share similar ranking to that which figured prominently among patients who exhibited various kinds of dermatitidesConclusions: As the result of rapid industrialization, the incidence of ACD has risen to the leaping proportion in the last two decades. Definite cure is obtained primarily by avoidance of the specific allergen(s). These are best indentified through patch testing. By undertaking this study, the authors hope to provide some local statistics on the most common skin sensitizers causing the ACD and therefore, place physicians and dermatologists in particular, in a better position to give their patients sound advice regarding the avoidance of tigerring factors that can readily perpetuate their skin problems.(Author)