Pérdida no orgánica de la visión de colores / Nonorganic loss of color vision

La pérdida no orgánica de la visión o pérdida funcional, es un trastorno en el cual se presenta cierta sintomatología visual, sin que haya causa alguna que pueda justificarlo. Se presenta un caso de una paciente adolescente femenina de 16 años de edad, color de piel blanca, con antecedentes oculares de ptosis palpebral derecha congénita y malos hábitos alimentarios. Su motivo de consulta fue pérdida de la visión de colores no constatada inicialmente; luego, debido a su insistencia, comenzamos a notar una disminución progresiva e incongruente de la visión cromática, con parámetros funcionales visuales normales, defectos en campos visuales computarizados no reproducibles y exámenes de electrofisiología visual normales, con recuperación total de este defecto sin tomarse ninguna conducta terapéutica específica. La pérdida no orgánica de la visión se refiere a cualquier defecto visual en la que no se demuestra alteración de las estructuras que se encuentran entre la córnea y la corteza cerebral occipital. Los trastornos de la vía aferente constituyen la manifestación más frecuente. Puede existir disminución, unilateral o bilateral, de la visión, afectación del campo visual o ambos. La visión de colores es usualmente anormal, pero rara vez, es el motivo de consulta. El origen psicógeno es corriente en niños y es más frecuente en mujeres que en hombres. El déficit adquirido de la visión de colores ocurre a consecuencia de una patología ocular, lesión intracraneal o uso excesivo de algún medicamento y, por lo general, se acompaña de pérdida variable de la agudeza visual(AU)

Non-organic loss of vision or functional loss is a disorder in which certain visual symptomatology is present, without any cause that could justify it. We present a case of a 16-year-old female adolescent patient, white skin color, with ocular history of congenital right palpebral ptosis and bad eating habits. Her reason for consultation was loss of color vision not initially detected; then, due to her insistence, we began to notice a progressive and incongruent decrease in color vision, with normal visual functional parameters, defects in non-reproducible computerized visual fields and normal visual electrophysiology tests, with total recovery of this defect without any specific therapeutic behavior. Non-organic vision loss refers to any visual defect in which no alteration of the structures between the cornea and the occipital cerebral cortex is demonstrated. Disorders of the afferent pathway constitute the most frequent manifestation. There may be unilateral or bilateral decreased vision, visual field impairment, or both. Color vision is usually abnormal, but rarely, it is the reason for consultation. Psychogenic origin is common in children and is more frequent in women than in men. Acquired color vision deficits occur as a consequence of an ocular pathology, intracranial injury or excessive use of medication and are usually accompanied by variable loss of visual acuity(AU)

Toxicological and pharmacological profiling of organically and non-organically cultivated Cymbopogon citratus

Background: With the rapid depletion of forests, impairing the availability of raw drugs, Ayurveda, hasreached a very critical phase. Consequently, cultivation of medicinal plants is essential to ensure theiravailability to the industry. In view of the above concept, organic farming of medicinal plants needsscientific validity.Objectives: The present study includes the organic and non-organic cultivation of Cymbopogon citratus,followed by toxicological and pharmacological profiling of extracts.Materials and methods: C. citratus was simultaneously cultivated organically (OCC) and non-organically(NCC). Toxicity profile of aqueous extracts was recorded on prokaryotes using bioluminescent bacteria,Vibrio harveyi and evaluated its type 2 anti-diabetic activity.Results: OCC have shown the higher mean values of height, number of germplasms and root lengthscompared to NCC. The higher level of toxicity was shown by NCC with decrease in bioluminescence withincreasing concentration of extract. In acute type 2 anti-diabetic study, OCC showed prominent decreasein blood glucose at postprandial condition (6th h) (48.86% OCC-200). The order of sub-chronic antidiabetic activity was observed as positive control > OCC-200 > NCC-200, while OCC at 200 mg/kg corrected the altered lipid profile and antioxidant status with significant increase in body weights of animals. Histopathological examination of pancreas showed the enlargement of pancreatic islets andformation of neo islets with degenerative changes in OCC treated animals.Conclusion: The study confirms that organically grown C. citratus is better in terms of nourishment,biological activity and safety measures.© 2017 Transdisciplinary University, Bangalore and World Ayurveda Foundation. Publishing Services byElsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Interesting case of sudden unilateral blindness in a teenager: role of psychological intervention in psychogenic visual loss

Visual loss complaints are commonly encountered by treating physicians, neurologist and ophthalmologists. More specifically a presentation of non-organic (psychogenic) blindness is less frequently seen but does exist and requires proper evaluation and specific skills for it to be properly managed. This case is of a 19 years old male who presented with acute monocular blindness post trauma whom he also had past psychiatric history. Post thorough assessment, no organic cause was identified, and a diagnosis of psychogenic blindness was made. Psychological therapy was beneficial in aiding return of his vision.

Correlation of Liver Depression Grading with Estrogen Receptor Alpha and Beta,G Protein-coupled Receptor 30 of Perimenopausal Women with Non-organic Insomnia / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To explore the correlation of liver depression grading with estrogen receptor alpha and beta(ERα,ERβ)and G protein-couple receptor 30(GPR30)of the perimenopausal women suffering from non-organic insomnia. Methods A total of 127 perimenopausal women suffering from non-organic insomnia were enrolled into the study. The data collected by four diagnostic methods and the scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)were used for the scoring and grading of liver depression according to Syndrome Element Differentiation. The mRNA and protein expression levels of ERα,ERβand GPR30 in the mononuclear cells of peripheral blood from the patients were detected with real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot (WB)method respectively. Results (1)The differences of mRNA levels of ERα,ERβ and GPR30 were insignificant among the patients with different degrees of liver depression (P > 0.05). ERα mRNA/ERβ mRNA ratio was decreased with the increase of liver depression grading,the differences being significant (F = 6.710, P < 0.001). (2) The differences of protein levels of ERα, ERβ and GPR30 were insignificant among the patients with different degrees of liver depression (P > 0.05);ERα/ERβ protein gray value ratio was decreased with the increase of liver depression grading, and the differences were significant (P < 0.05) . Conclusion The decline of ERα/ERβ is probably contributed to the pathological basis of liver depression in perimenopausal non-organic insomnia women.

The Clinical Features and the Prognosis of Functional Visual Loss in Children

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognoses of children with functional visual loss. METHODS: Retrospective medical record review was performed in 53 patients 4 to 16 years of age diagnosed with functional visual loss between April 2006 and February 2014. We investigated the clinical features and results of clinical tests and the final status of the patients. RESULTS: Twenty male (37.8%) and 33 female (62.2%) patients were included in the study. The mean age was 9.69 ± 2.76 years. The incidence was highest between 8 to 12 years. The mean best corrected visual acuity at baseline was 0.43 ± 0.23, and 88.7% of patients had mild to moderate visual loss. The symptoms were bilateral in 96.2% of patients, and the difference of corrected visual acuity between two eyes was 1 line or less on Snellen chart in 94.1% of bilateral cases. The symptoms were resolved by 1.8 ± 1.0 months in 59.5% of patients and resolved by the final follow-up visit in 51 (96.2%). However, the symptoms persisted through the final follow-up in 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Most children with functional visual loss have bilateral and mild to moderate visual loss. The prognosis of functional visual loss in children was excellent. Most patients recovered from the disease with reassurance supportive care without psychiatric treatment, although a few patients had persistent symptoms.

<b>Sansoninto (Containing Zizyphi Spinosa Semen) Alleviates Multiple Joint and Muscle Pains More Effectively than Insomnia : a Report on two Cases</b> / 日本東洋医学雑誌

<p>Case 1 : A 56-year-old woman had been suffering from insomnia for 10 years, and multiple joint pains on her shoulders, wrists and fingers for 2 years. She complained of headache, dizziness, heart palpitations, and irritable bowel syndromes. Case 2 : A 72-year-old woman presented with cold and painful feeling in her legs that she had had for 10 years, as well as insomnia, excessive sweating, alopecia and pollakiuria that she had had for two years. In both cases, organic diseases of the joints or muscles were ruled out by several doctors, and the patients had been suffering from malaise and insomnia for which they had been taking brotizolam for several years. Consequently, the patients consulted our department of traditional Japanese medicine (Kampo). Medical interviews revealed that they had been under a lot of stress for a long time because of family problems. Sansoninto (roasted Zizyphi spinosa semen 15 g, Poria 3 g, Cnidii Rhizoma 3 g, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma 3 g,Glycyrrhizae Radix 1.5 g) was prescribed, which reduced the pain in their joints and muscles, and their other complaints, in several weeks. Sansoninto seemed not to alleviate insomnia as effectively as it did the pain and other multi complaints, because the patients were not able to discontinue brotizolam. Patients with multiple complaints including insomnia with fatigue induced by long-term stressful lifestyle may sometimes possibly express non-organic joint or muscle pain. Sansoninto may be an effective prescription for non-organic joint and muscle pain.</p>

Pérdidas no orgánicas de la visión: diagnóstico y pertinencia de un término / Nonorganic losses of vision: diagnosis and suitability of a term

Los pacientes con síntomas y signos para los que no puede encontrarse una causa orgánica adecuada reciben una variada gama de diagnósticos, los cuales representan un reto con implicaciones médicas legales. Entre el 25 y el 50 por ciento de los casos con aparente pérdida no orgánica concomita una enfermedad orgánica que explica algo del déficit visual. Una dificultad adicional es la selección del mejor término médico para designarlos y ese es nuestro objetivo en esta revisión. A la luz de los conocimientos actuales, y después de evaluar varias alternativas, consideramos que lo más acertado es denominarlos pérdidas no orgánicas de la visión. El diagnóstico de estas no es nunca de exclusión; se requieren hallazgos positivos para llegar a él. El método clínico (psicofísica visual) y ciertas herramientas diagnósticas, también clínicas, son suficientes en la mayoría de los casos(AU)

Patients with physical signs and symptoms for which no adequate organic cause can be found may receive a wide range of diagnoses, and represent a diagnostic challenge with medical and legal implications. Twenty five to fifty percent of patients with apparent nonorganic visual loss have concomitant organic pathology that explains at least some visual deficit. Additional difficulty is the best selected medical term to call it, and this is our objective in this review. In the light of the current knowledge and after evaluating several alternatives, we consider that the best term for them is nonorganic losses of vision. Nonorganic visual loss is never a excluding diagnosis; positive findings are required to make the diagnosis. The clinical method (visual psychophysics) and certain diagnostic tools in addition to some clinical ones are sufficient to set a diagnosis of nonorganic ocular disease in the majority of cases(AU)

NON-ORGANIC SUBSTANCES IN URINE DURING NEPHROLOGY NEPHROLITHIASIS / Шинэ санаа Шинэ нээлт

Risk of nephrotith disease increases relating with using high hardened water, not suitable diet, being sensitive for some kind of food products. Then for Mongolia, particularly Bulgan province which is located in basin of the Selenge river is consisted in regions which have high hardened water. Sickness rate of renal diseases especially nephtolith disease is high in population of Selenge soum of Bulgan province. It was main reason of choose this subject and investigate non organic substances in urine of population and determine risks of nephtolith disease for them. To determine оne of the factors affecting the formation of the disease is to study the composition of drinking water and investigate non organic substances in urine. We used cross-sectional methodology for our study. Our study was conducted from June, 2013 to November, 2014. Household water used portable water dissemination and homes with private wells and water samples from the river.Drinking water analyzed of the chemistry parameters (13 substances) in the chemistry and toxicology laboratories in Orkhon aimag. There was 300 urine analyze was done and 62 of them was confirmed nephtolith disease with it. We investigated non-organic substances in their urine. Interviews people in the study, the average age was 43.26±14.7. 64.2% of participants was answered that they use ground water (private groundwater wells), 25.4% use external water (the well water), 8.1% use river water, 2.3 use pure water when asked about their water supply. Composition of samples from drinking water standard was near to the standard assessments by comparing the maximum amount of. We were considered the most important water pH, solids, iron, chlorine analysis compares removable wells and private wells. Hardness for 53.3% of the well of 2.5-3.5 mg/l with hard water, private wells, 60.0% of 4.6-5.5 mg/l solids by of water. Wells chlorides portable 66.7% 14.4-25.3 mg/l, and private wells 13.3% of 4.3-14.3 mg /l. 20.7 percent of survey identified as the kidney and urinary tract diseases. Urat salt (32.1%), compound of urat and sodium (32.1%), oxalate (14.5%), sodium (13.4%), compound of oxalate and sodium (6.4%), phosphate (1.5%) was determined in urine analyze. It was close to the water content of the standard performance. The well water solids of 2.5-3.5 mg/l and private groundwater wells solids of 4.6-5.5 mg/l. And the well chlorides 14.4-25.3 mg/l and private groundwater wells chlorides 4.3-14.3 mg/l.Urat and compound of urat and sodium are dominated in composition of stone during nephrolith disease (p=0.043).

Probability of Food Allergy in Case of Benign Transient Non-Organic Ileus of Neonate

PURPOSE: Although the symptoms of benign transient non-organic ileus of neonate (BTNIN) are similar to that of Hirschsprung's disease (HD), the etiology underlying BTNIN remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to compare laboratory and clinical characteristics of BTNIN with those of HD and to clarify the possibility of an association between food allergies and BTNIN. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data from 34 BTNIN and 11 HD patients from January 2005 to December 2011. We compared several variables between these patients, including sex, age, feeding method, rate (%) and absolute count of serum eosinophils, and eosinophil count in the rectal mucosa. Pearson chi-square tests and independent t-tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: BTNIN (N=34) is more likely to affect males as compared to HD (N=11), BTNIN had a longer duration of symptoms after birth, and BTNIN patients were more likely to be breast fed; all these factors were statistically significant (P=0.019, 0.000, and 0.000, respectively). The rate (%) and absolute count of serum eosinophils in the serum of BTNIN and HD patients was 3.9+/-2.4% and 401+/-388/HPF, respectively, and 1.4+/-0.8% and 170+/-110/HPF, respectively (P=0.001 and 0.000). Moreover, the eosinophil count in the rectal mucosa of BTNIN and HD patients was 14.4+/-12.9/HPF and 5.2+/-4.7/HPF, respectively (P=0.017). CONCLUSION: We observed that BTNIN patients exhibited a later symptom onset, and that BTNIN was more closely associated with breast feeding as compared to HD. A greater number of eosinophils were present in the serum and rectal biopsies of BTNIN patients. Thus, we suggest that BTNIN is associated with food allergy.

Influencing factors of anxiety and depression in patients with non-organic dyspnea / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influential factors of anxiety and depression in patients with non-organic dyspnea.Methods Data of 68 patients with non-organic dyspnea who were in emergency department of ShunYi Hospital China Medical University and department of emergency,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from January to May in 2014 were collected.All the subjects were assessed with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.Comparative analysis of influencing factors such as age,gender,educational level,type of inhabitant,etc.were conducted.Results Of all the subjects,22 cases (32.4％) were identified as anxiety,14 cases (20.6％) as depression.Patients of non-organic dyspnea with anxiety were more frequently seen in female,with lower education level,rage pre-hospital and nonnative inhabitant.Patients of non-organic dyspnea with depression were more frequently seen in lower education level,rage prehospital and nonnative inhabitant.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed lower education level,rage pre-hospital and nonnative inhabitant were the major risk factors on anxiety and depression.Conclusions Patients with non-organic dyspnea had high prevalence of anxiety and depression.More attention should be paid to these patients.

Videokymographic Findings of Non-Organic Voice Disorders / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Non-organic voice disorders are very difficult to diagnose. The authors attempted to find out the efficiency of videokymography (VKG) which has been newly developed to evaluate the vibratory characteristics of the vocal folds in non-organic voice disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-seven patients who had voice changes without organic laryngeal pathology were evaluated. We ascertained the larynx to be free of organic disorders using the stroboscopy, following which the VKG examination was performed. The results of VKG were classified according to the common features. RESULTS: Type I showed the normal findings. Asymmetry in the amplitude of upper lips was seen in the type II. Type III showed thick glottal contact. Type IV showed level difference, thick glottal contact and asymmetry in the amplitude of upper lips. Type V had several different amplitudes of the upper lip seen in one cycle of the mucosal wave. Type VI had level difference with thin glottal contact and asymmetry in the amplitude of upper. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these results, we were able to see the different types of VKG and that VKG could be used as a supplementary diagnostic tool in the non-organic voice disorders.

The effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on new bone formation in the repairment of mandibular defects / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To study the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) on promoting new bone formation in repairing mandibular defects.Methods: 15 mm?6 mm bilateral mandibular periosteum bone defects were made surgically in 18 adult New Zealand rabbits, the right defects were repaired with natural non organic bone (NNB) combined with bFGF at 40 ng/mm 3, the left defects were repaired with NNB. Specimens were obtained 3, 6, 12 weeks after operation respectively. The effects were evaluated with toluidine blue stain observation, tetracycline fluorescent microscopic examination and computerized quantity analysis. Results: More chondrocytes were observed in the right defects 3 weeks after operation. 3, 6, 12 weeks after operation the new bone formation (?m 2) in the right defects was 66.092?6.379, 130.198?13.213 and 235.374?16.773 respectively; that in the left defects 21.844? 7.731 , 62.694?10.389 and 160.184?14.793 respectively( P