A study on cardiovascular parameters in athlete and non-athlete adult males

Background: An old proverb teaches us “Good things come to those who sweat.” Apart from its philosophical and metaphysical meaning, it is also true by words. Many previous studies also supported this view, but study in the rural part of Bengal in this field had hardly been undertaken before. Aim and Objectives: The objective of the study was to find any difference in cardiovascular parameters, for example, arterial blood pressure, heart rate; to compare the body mass index (BMI), skin fold thickness among athletes and non-athlete adult male volunteers; and also to identify any difference in resting electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns between those two groups. Materials and Methods: The present article is a scientific validation of this statement. In technical terms, this is an institutional ethics committee certified case-control study conducted in Burdwan and Birbhum districts of West Bengal with 75 non-athlete people and 75 athletes. Results: With the help of modern diagnostic tools and rigorous statistical methods, it was found that there are significant differences (P < 0.00001) between these two groups in terms of waist circumference, abdominal skin fold thickness, BMI, diastolic blood pressure (BP), and left ventricular hypertrophy by ECG. From existing medical knowledge-base, this finding can immediately be interpreted as having higher risk factors of coronary heart diseases for non-athlete people. Conclusion: Based on these findings, authors recommended that a sedentary lifestyle should be avoided to get rid of hypertension and obesity and stay away from fatal coronary heart diseases. Regular Physical activity and healthy diet can help us to live a long and disease-free life. This article speaks nothing new and surprising but confirms an age-old truth with modern scientific experiments, methods, and techniques which is a need of the hour.

Bilateral Stress Fracture of Femur Neck, Fatigue Type of Non-Athlete Young Adult

Bilateral femoral neck stress fractures have been rarely reported. When diagnosed, they are usually limited to athletes or military personnel. A 35-year-old man, previously healthy, visited the emergency department for right inguinal pain. On physical examination, no external wound, tenderness or limitation of motion were found in either lower extremity. Plain radiography showed normal findings but an magnetic resonance image showed a linear fracture in the femoral neck. In this case, bilateral femoral neck stress fractures were found in a young non-athlete adult with no prior medical history of related injuries. Surgery is generally not performed for stress fractures but considering the patient's early mobilization and the need for quick reintegration into society, surgery was done in this case.

Comparison of Self- Efficacy in Athlete and Non- Athlete Male Students of Iran and India.

This study compared self-efficacy in 200 athlete and non- athlete male students (50 athlete and 50 non- athlete male students ,each from Iran and India). The students completed the Self-Efficacy Scale (SES). Data from both the countries were analyzed separately using analysis of variance to find whether or not variance exists in self –efficacy between non-athelete and athelete students. Self- efficacy scores were also compared between both the countries .Results revealed significant difference in self-efficacy scores of non –athelete and athelete males of both the countries. Athelete male students had higher self efficacy than non -athelete students.Self- efficacy scores of neither athelete or non- athelete male students of Iran differed significantly from their Indian counterpart. The results of the present study indicated a link between sport activities and self-efficacy. Interventions like participation in adequate physical activities or sport activities may promote self-efficacy of students.

Surgical Result of the Os Trigonum Syndrome / 대한족부족관절학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to find out the clinical results of excision of the Os trigonum through a posterolateral approach and to compare the surgical results of athletes with non-athletes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Within a five year and four month period, from July 2001 to October 2006, twenty patients underwent excision of symptomatic os trigonum, with a mean age of 22 years and 9 months at the time of the operation. There were fifteen female patients and five male patients. Eight were athletes and twelve were non-athletes. RESULTS: The average duration of postoperative follow-up was thirty months. The postoperative AOFAS scored an average of 89 points compared to the preoperative AOFAS scored an average of 67 points. Sixteen patients (80%) who were operated, had good or excellent satisfactory results. The average preoperative AOFAS score of the athletes were 61 points, compared to the average postoperative AOFAS score of 90 points. For non-athletes, the average preoperative score was 71 points, compared to the average postoperative AOFAS score of 88 points. Seven athletes (87%) and nine non-athletes (75%) had good or excellent satisfaction results after surgery. The time until full recovery averaged 88 days for all the patients. 133 days for the athletes and 56 days for the non-athletes. There is no analytic difference between result in athletes and result in non-athletes. CONCLUSION: Open surgical treatment through posterolateral approach of os trigonum syndrome of the ankle may be effective modality regardless of the patient being an athlete or non-athlete.