Non-extraction camouflage treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion

@#Class III malocclusion can be defined as a skeletal facial deformity that is characterized by a forward mandibular position with respect to the cranial base and or the maxilla. We present a case of a 15-year-old man with skeletal Class III malocclusion who was treated with non-extraction orthodontic camouflage treatment using an orthodontic conventional technique. A fixed appliance, straight wire appliance (SWA) technique was used with a non-extraction treatment plan. Treatment was accompanied by intermaxillary Class III elastics. The total duration of active treatment was 23 months. There was a significant improvement in his occlusion, smile esthetics, and soft tissue profile pattern. Orthodontic camouflage can be considered an effective therapy for correcting milder cases of skeletal Class III malocclusion.

Non-extraction orthodontic treatment in angle class I malocclusion with severe crowding, deep bite, and midline shifting: A case report

@#Crowding is the most common dental case worldwide. This case report describes the diagnosis and management of a 20-year-old woman with severe crowding, deep bite, and midline shifting. The patient presented with the chief complaint of crowding and an unaesthetic smile. Upon examination, the patient had Angle Class I Malocclusion. The severe crowding was treated comprehensively and successfully corrected using fixed orthodontic appliances and without extraction, only interproximal reduction (IPR).

Separation of aligning and leveling stages to control mandibular incisor inclination: A randomized clinical trial

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether separating the alignment and leveling phases can reduce proclination of the mandibular incisors. Methods: Eligibility criteria included Class I subjects with an irregularity index of 3-5 mm, 3-4 mm curve-of-Spee (COS), and non-extraction treatment. Thirty adults were randomly allocated into two groups: (1) Control group was leveled and aligned simultaneously with flat archwires progressively to 0.016x0.022-in stainless-steel; (2) Experimental group was aligned first with 0.014-in-superelastic NiTi with mild accentuated COS, then leveled using 0.016x0.022-in beta-titanium accentuated COS archwires and gradually reduced the curve until flat. Mandibular incisor position and inclination were evaluated by cephalometric analysis. COS and irregularity index were evaluated in study models. Assessment was conducted twice after 0.016-in NiTi and after 0.016x0.022-in stainless-steel archwire placements. Dental changes from cephalograms and models were compared within group using paired t-test and between groups using independent t-test. Results: Control group: Round-wire-phase, mandibular incisors tipped labially (4.38° and 1 mm) with intrusion (-1.13 mm); Rectangular-wire-phase, mandibular incisors further intruded and proclined (-0.63 mm and 1.38°). Experimental group: During aligning with round accentuated COS archwires, mandibular incisors tipped very slightly labially (0.75° and 0.50 mm) with no significant intrusion; during leveling with rectangular archwires, incisors majorly intruded (1.75 mm) with slight proclination (1.81°). The experimental group had significant less incisor proclination (control: 5.76°, experimental: 2.56°) with more incisor intrusion (control: -1.75 mm, experimental: -2.13 mm). The COS in experimental group showed significant greater reduction (-2.88 mm) than that of the control group (-1.69 mm). Conclusion: In control group, mandibular incisor proclination was markedly observed in round archwires, with further proclination caused by rectangular archwires. In experimental group, minimal proclination was exhibited when accentuated COS round archwires were used for aligning. Leveling with rectangular archwires caused less proclination with more COS reduction.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar se separar os estágios de alinhamento e nivelamento reduz a projeção dos incisivos inferiores. Métodos: Os critérios de inclusão foram indivíduos Classe I com índice de irregularidade de 3-5mm, Curva de Spee (CS) de 3-4mm e tratamento sem extrações. Trinta adultos foram alocados aleatoriamente em dois grupos: o Grupo Controle (1) foi simultaneamente alinhado e nivelado com arcos planos progressivamente até atingir o 0,016" x 0,022" de aço inoxidável; o Grupo Experimental (2) foi inicialmente alinhado com arcos superelásticos NiTi 0,014" com CS levemente aumentada, em seguida nivelado com arcos de beta-titânio 0,016" x 0,022" com CS acentuada, que foi gradualmente reduzida até ficar plana. A posição e inclinação dos incisivos inferiores foram avaliadas por meio de análise cefalométrica. A CS e o índice de irregularidade foram avaliados por meio de modelos de estudo. A avaliação foi realizada duas vezes, sendo após a inserção dos arcos NiTi 0,016" e dos arcos 0,016" x 0,022" de aço. As mudanças dentárias visualizadas nos cefalogramas e nos modelos foram comparadas dentro dos grupos utilizando teste t pareado e entre os grupos utilizando o teste t independente. Resultados: Grupo Controle: estágio de arco redondo: os incisivos inferiores se inclinaram vestibularmente (4.38° e 1 mm) e intruíram (-1,13mm); estágio de arco retangular: os incisivos inferiores intruíram e se projetaram adicionalmente (-0.63mm e 1,38°). Grupo Experimental: Durante o alinhamento com arcos redondos e CS acentuada, os incisivos inferiores se inclinaram levemente para vestibular (0,75° e 0,50mm), sem intrusão significativa; durante o nivelamento com arcos retangulares, os incisivos, em sua maioria, intruíram (1,75mm), com uma leve projeção (1,81°). O grupo experimental apresentou projeção dos incisivos significativamente menor (controle: 5,76°; experimental: 2,56°), com maior intrusão dos incisivos (controle: -1,75mm; experimental: -2,13mm). A CS no Grupo Experimental apresentou redução significativamente maior (-2,88 mm) do que no grupo controle (-1,69 mm). Conclusão: No Grupo Controle, foi observada de forma notória a projeção dos incisivos inferiores nos arcos redondos, com projeção adicional causada pelos arcos retangulares. No Grupo Experimental, foi observada uma projeção mínima quando foram utilizados arcos redondos com CS acentuada para alinhamento. O nivelamento com arcos retangulares causou menos projeção com maior redução da CS.

Efficiency of interproximal reduction technique for correction of anterior crowding without extraction: A case report

@#Crowding is one of the most common findings in orthodontic patients. This case report describes the correction of anterior crowding with interproximal reduction (IPR). The case is that of a 24-year-old female patient who consulted for irregularly placed anterior teeth. Fixed appliances were placed followed by IPR. Treatment time was 18 months. Class I molar relation was maintained, with normal overjet and overbite. IPR is effective for treatment of patients with Class I malocclusion with anterior moderate crowding.

Curative effect of TOMY self-ligation appliance technique in treatment of anterior crossbite and moderate crowding with non-extraction treatment:A case report and literature review / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of TOMY self-ligation appliance technique in the treatment of anterior crossbite and moderate crowding, and to explore its clinical application.Methods:A patient, manifested as anterior crossbite and moderate dentition crowing, diagnosed as Angle class Ⅲ subclass malocclusion, MaoⅡ1+Ⅰ1 malocclusion, high angle,and facial asymmetry, was selected.This patient was treated with TOMY self-ligation appliance technique without tooth extraction.The length and width of the dental arch, the width of the alveolar bone and the width of the basal arch were measured before and after treatment;the lateral radiographs of the patient were taken too.Results:After treatment,the upper and lower dentition arranged in neat rows, reached a neutral occlusal relationship;SNA, SNB and ANB had no obvious changes;the lip inclination of anterior teeth was increased by 10 degrees, and reached the normal value;the upper and lower dental arch width, alveolar bone width, basal bone arch width and dental arch length were lower than before treatment.Conclusion:For the patient with anterior crossbite and moderate dental crowding treated with non-extraction, the TOMY self-ligation technique can be considered to use, by increasing the arch width and length to improve the anterior crossbite and moderate crowding, in order to achieve the effective treatment.

The effects of modified expander in the orthodontic treatment of the cases with Angel Ⅰ malocclusion / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate efficacy of modified expander in the treatment of non-extraction patients with Angel Ⅰ maloccul-sion.Methods:1 4 Angel Ⅰcases aged 1 0 -1 4 years treated by non-extraction and fixed rapid expander.Jaw bones of the cases were laser scanned before(T1 )and after treatment(T2).The differences of arch width and length between T1 and T2 were analyzed.The In-dex of treatment complexity,outcome and need(ICON)was used to assess the pre-treatment and post-treatment study models.Data were statistically analysed with SPSS1 3.0 software.Results:The arch width increased significantly from T1 to T2.Good occlusal rela-tionship and soft tissue profiles were achieved in all cases.All cases were evaluated as greatly improved by ICON.Conclusion:AngelⅠ malocclusion can be treated successfully by increasing arch width with fixed rapid expander technique without tooth extraction.

Effect of extraction versus non-extraction orthodontic treatment on anterior facial height in class II division 1 malocclusion.

Background: Extraction of all 1st premolars in the orthodontic treatment of Class II div 1 malocclusion has been associated with a decrease in vertical dimension of occlusion thus predisposing the patient to TMJ disorders. Objectives: To evaluate the vertical changes occurring in patients having class II div 1 malocclusion, treated orthodontically with 1st premolar extractions & compare these changes with those occurring in patients treated orthodontically without extractions. Method: Pre-treatment & Post-treatment Lateral Cephalogram radiograph of 11 patients having CL-II div1 malocclusion treated without extraction and 16 patients treated with the extraction of all 1st premolars were analyzed and compared to observe the changes in the anterior facial height. Result: the orthodontic treatment of Cl-II div 1 malocclusion cases treated with a non-extraction approach leads to a statistically significant increase in the anterior facial height due to the downward & backward rotation of the mandible. The cases treated with the extraction of all 1st premolars also show the statically significant increase in the anterior facial height but this increase was less than that observed for the non-extraction group. Conclusion: this study does not support the theory that the first premolar extractions reduce the vertical dimension of occlusion and predispose the extraction patients to TMJ disorders.

Comparison of the Effects of Modified Jones Device and Face Bow in Molar Distalization / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To explore the clinical effects of modified Jones device and face bow in molar distalization.Methods 18 patients with mild-to-moderate Angle classⅡmalocclusion caused by crowded front teeth were selected in this study,and they could be treated by tooth extraction or non- extraction correction. The selected patients were randomly divided into two groups,and were treated by molar distalization with modified Jones device and face bow,respectively. X-ray cephalometric and model measurement was performed in patients in two groups before and after treatment.Result Both modified Jones device and face bow had obvious effects in molar distalization, but had statistically significant differences in the molar moving speed, anterior overjet and the inclination of the first molar.Conclusions Both methods can effectively push the maxillary molar to far,but face bow method needs good cooperation of patients and can't continue to work,so the clinical curative effect is not very stable. By modified Jones device can more quickly and effectively promote maxillary molar move far,and does not depend on the patient's coordination,so it is worth clinical popularizing.

Effects of second premolar extractions on third molar angulations / 实用口腔医学杂志

In recent years, the study of orthodontics was achieved more attentions in stomatology. The extraction or non-extraction orthodontic treatment were summarized. Extraction of premolars orthodontic treatment can improve the third molar inclination. This might be useful in clinical application.

Effect of orthodontic extraction treatment and non-extraction treatment on esthetical smile / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of orthodontic tooth extraction and non-extraction on dental arch width and esthetical smile. Methods 100 patients treated without extraction and 100 patients treated by 4 first-premolars extraction were selected. The study models of the patients were measured before and after the treatment and compared statistically. Measurements were made in the maxillary and mandibular canine regions from the most labial aspect of the buccal axial surfaces of the canine roots. Results Before treatment, maxillary and mandibular arch widths were the same between both groups (P＞0.05). In non-extraction group, mandibular arch width of posttreatment was 0.88 mm larger than that of pretreatment (P＜0.001), and maxillary arch width of posttreatment was 0.84 mm large (P＜0.001). In extraction group, mandibular arch width of posttreatment was 1.64 mm larger than that of pretreatment (P＜0.001), and maxillary arch width of posttreatment was 1.50 mm large (P＜0.001). After treatment, the width of mandibular arch in the extraction group was 0.59 mm larger than that in the non-extraction group (P>0.05), while the width of maxillary arch in the extraction group was 0.10 mm less (P>0.05).Conclusion Both extraction treatment and non-extraction treatment do not result in narrower dental arch, but wider. The view that orthodontic extraction results in narrower arch widths and unaesthetic smiling is untenable.

Evaluation of factors influencing the change of vertical dimension of face after orthodontic treatment / 대한치과교정학회지

The change of the vertical dimension is of fundamental importance to the orthodontist. However, the choice between the two methods of treatment, extraction versus nonextraction, is not clear. It is not verified that the extraction method decreases vertical dimension, or nonextraction methods result in an increase in vertical dimension. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes of vertical dimension of face after the orthodontic treatment with standard edgewise technique, and to compare them in relation to facial types and bicuspid extraction. The subjects consisted of 165 orthodontic patients (77 of adolescents, 88 of adults), and was divided into vertical nonextraction (VN) group, vertical extraction (VE) group, horizontal nonextraction (HN) group, horizontal extraction (HE) group. Pre-and Post-treatment cephalograms were taken with standard method, traced, and digitized for each subject. The comparison of the measurements were statistically executed with Student's t-test. The results were as follows : 1. The facial height and molar height were increased after orthodontic treatment in the all groups. 2. No significant difference was found in the facial height change between the vertical and horizontal groups. 3. No significant difference was found in the facial height change between the extraction and nonextraction groups. 4. As the upper molars were extruded in adolescents group and lower molars were extruded in adults group, lower anterior facial height (LAFH) was increased. 5. None of the pretreatment variables correlates to the change of lower anterior facial height (LAFH).

Effect of Third Molar on Postoperative Infection after Reduction of the Mandibular Angle Fracture

The morphologic characteristics of Class I, non-extraction patients / 대한치과교정학회지

The purpose of this study was to investigate the pretreatment and posttreatment dentofabial characteristics of non-extraction patients with Class I malocclusion. And to compare this result with matched non-orthodontic normal occlusion and Class I premolar extraction patients. Such comparison might help identify morphologic characteristics of the non-extraction patients. Initial and final cephalometric evaluation were compared in a sample of 22 patients with Class I malocclusions treated in non-extraction manner with edgewise appliance and MEAW. The mean age of the total population was 14 years 9 months and the average treatment time was 2 years 8 months. 32 landmarks were located and digitized on each cephalogram. From these landmarks, 24 linear and angular dimension were obtained Student's t-test were used to compare the pretreatment - posttreatment results, Nonextraction - Normal groups, and nonextraction - Extraction groups. Significance was predetermined at p < or = 0.05. The results were gas follows. 1. Before treatment, the mean value of the ODI was 69.9degrees, APDI was 82.1degrees, CF was 152degrees, and El was 152degrees in the non-extraction groups. 2. The skeletal pattern of the non-extraction groups were similar with non-orthodontic normal group3, but the non-extraction groups had larger interincisal angle. 3. Comparison between groups treated with and without extraction indicated at pretreatment, the extraction groups had more protrusive lips, smaller interincisal angle, and El. 4. After treatment, there was no significant changes in the skeletal pattern of the non-extraction groups, but uprighting of the maxillary and mandibular first molar and decrease of the interincisal angle were seen.

Study on the eruption of the lower third molar in the cases of non-extraction and the extraction of first premolar / 대한치과교정학회지

This study was designed to recognize the factors which can affect the normal eruption of the lower third molar and the eruption rate of the lower third molar in the cases of non-extraction and the extraction of first premolar. The sample consisted of 214 cases of extraction of first premolar and 119 cases of non-extraction, and all of these cases were divided into erupted and impacted lower third molar groups and were analized according to the pantomogram. The results of the study were as follows : 1. The eruption rate of the lower third molar was 54.67 % in the group of extraction of the first premolar and 35.29 % in the non-extraction group. 2. The early inclination of the erupting lower third molar has significant effect in the eruption of it. 3. In the orthodontic treatment, the extraction of first premolar is one of the factors influencing the normal eruption of lower third molar. 4. The available space for the normal enruption of lower third molar was greater in first premolar extraction case than in non-extraction case.