ABSTRACT
Background: Wide variation in the lipid profile in pregnancy is quite common. Exaggerated changes in insulin and lipid levels in women with GDM during pregnancy, lead to significant alterations in lipid levels in comparison to normal pregnancy. Lipid metabolism during pregnancy has a significant role to play in the aetiology and pathogenesis of GDM as is indicated by various studies previously.Methods: A hospital-based case control study was conducted at Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha in the Department of Endocrinology. The sample size was 100 pregnant women. Study period was of one year from June 2018 to June 2019. In women of both the groups, i.e., with GDM and without GDM the mean age of presentation were 20-25 yrs. Out of the 100 cases, we took 50 patients of GDM in the cases group and 50 patients of non GDM pregnant women as control group. Fasting lipid profile was sent to the hospital laboratory analyzed by Tinder’s methods. The results thus obtained were analyzed using student ‘t’ test for statistical significance using SPSS version 20.Results: There was no statistical difference in age and parity between control and case group. Triglyceride (cases- 286.4±77.60 mg/dl) (controls-166±26mg/dl), total cholesterol (cases-256.5±41.7 mg/dl) (controls - 202.5±20.18mg/dl), VLDL (cases-53.4±13.2 mg/dl) (controls-46.6±13.1mg/dl) showed statistically significant values (p value<0.001). HDL and LDL values did not show any statistical significance (p value >0.5) among GDM and non GDM group. Lipid profile was performed predominately in women in II trimester.Conclusions: In comparison to non GDM women, it was observed that serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and VLDL level are significantly higher in woman with GDM. Whether lipid profile can be used as a predictor for gestational diabetes mellitus in future needs further research.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To look into the glucose tolerance test characteristics and determine complications in non-gestational diabetes pregnant subjects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 2006 to 2009 all non-gestational diabetes mellitus (non-GDM) pregnant women who delivered macrosomia at the North Australia's Townsville Hospital were retrospectively reviewed by extracting data from clinical record. Glucose tolerance tests results were analysed in the light of an earlier diagnosis of non-GDM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ninety-one non-GDM mothers with macrosomia were studied and compared with 41 normoglycemic subjects without macrosomia. Of the subjects with non-GDM macrosomia, 45 (49.4%) had normal 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) without further testing, another 8 (8.8%) had abnormal GCT but normal 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). A total of 4 (4.4%) subjects had normal GCT and OGTT. Interestingly, 14 out of 16 (87.5%) subjects who were tested with OGTT owing to past history of macrosomia had normal results but delivered macrosomic babies. Only 12 subjects had both GCT and OGTT, the rest of the cohort had either of the two tests. Subjects with non-GDM macrosomia had higher frequency of neonatal hypoglycaemia 34% as compared to 10% in non-macrosomic babies (P=0.003). Other feto-maternal complications were similar in both groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>No significant pattern of glucose tolerance characteristics was identified in non-GDM mothers with macrosomic babies. In spite of being normoglycemic significant neonatal hypoglycaemia was recorded in non-GDM macrosomic babies. Further prospective studies on a larger population are needed to verify our findings.</p>
ABSTRACT
Objective: To look into the glucose tolerance test characteristics and determine complications in non-gestational diabetes pregnant subjects. Methods: From 2006 to 2009 all non-gestational diabetes mellitus (non-GDM) pregnant women who delivered macrosomia at the North Australia's Townsville Hospital were retrospectively reviewed by extracting data from clinical record. Glucose tolerance tests results were analysed in the light of an earlier diagnosis of non-GDM. Results: Ninety-one non-GDM mothers with macrosomia were studied and compared with 41 normoglycemic subjects without macrosomia. Of the subjects with non-GDM macrosomia, 45 (49.4%) had normal 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) without further testing, another 8 (8.8%) had abnormal GCT but normal 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). A total of 4 (4.4%) subjects had normal GCT and OGTT. Interestingly, 14 out of 16 (87.5%) subjects who were tested with OGTT owing to past history of macrosomia had normal results but delivered macrosomic babies. Only 12 subjects had both GCT and OGTT, the rest of the cohort had either of the two tests. Subjects with non-GDM macrosomia had higher frequency of neonatal hypoglycaemia 34% as compared to 10% in non-macrosomic babies (P=0.003). Other feto-maternal complications were similar in both groups. Conclusions: No significant pattern of glucose tolerance characteristics was identified in non-GDM mothers with macrosomic babies. In spite of being normoglycemic significant neonatal hypoglycaemia was recorded in non-GDM macrosomic babies. Further prospective studies on a larger population are needed to verify our findings.