ABSTRACT
Resumen Objetivo Evaluar el diagnóstico de la coagulación intravascular diseminada (CID) mediante el uso de la escala para CID asintomática («scoring for non-overt disseminated intravascular coagulation¼). Material y métodos Se realizó un estudio clínico, epidemiológico, ambispectivo, transversal, descriptivo, en un grupo de 84 pacientes que ingresaron a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos con diagnósticos relacionados con el embarazo, en un hospital de la Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México, durante el periodo del 1 de enero de 2014 al 31 de mayo de 2017. Resultados De una muestra de 84 pacientes, 12.29% presentó un puntaje para CID; en el análisis estadístico y la relación, no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre mujeres con CID presente y ausente (t = 0.978; p = 0.665); tampoco con la presencia positiva de tabaquismo (χ2 = 1.337; p = 0.210) o alcoholismo (χ2 = 0.652; p = 0.314). Predominó la edad de 17 a 37 años. Conclusiones El uso de una escala para el diagnóstico o tamizaje en pacientes obstétricas es un auxiliar para aquéllas que cursan con CID asintomática; la puntuación mayor a cinco puntos se asocia con la presencia de la enfermedad. Como tamizaje para mujeres con sangrado obstétrico, la escala identificó con mayor frecuencia la CID asintomática.
Abstract Objective To evaluate the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) using a non-overt DIC score. Material and methods A clinical, epidemiological, ambispective, transversal, descriptive study was carried out in a group of 84 patients who entered the Intensive Care Unit with diagnoses related to pregnancy at the General Health Hospital of Mexico City during the period from January 1, 2014 to May 31, 2017. Results From a sample of 84 patients, 12.29% presented a scoring for DIC; in the statistical analysis and the relationship, no statistically significant difference was observed between women with present and absent DIC (t = 0.978; p = 0.665), neither with the positive presence of smoking ( χ2 = 1.337, p = 0.210) or alcoholism ( χ2 = 0.652, p = 0.314). We had a predominance of age from 17 to 37 years. Conclusions The use of a scale for diagnosis or screening in obstetric patients is an aid for those with non-overt DIC; a score greater than five points is associated with the presence of the disease. As screening for women with obstetric bleeding, the scale most frequently identified non-overt DIC.
Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o diagnóstico de coagulação intravascular disseminada utilizando a escala de coagulação intravascular disseminada (CIVD). Material e métodos Foi realizado um estudo clínico, epidemiológico, ambispectivo, transversal e descritivo em um grupo de 84 pacientes que foram admitidos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva com diagnósticos relacionados à gravidez, na Secretaria de Saúde da Cidade do México, durante o período de 1o de janeiro de 2014 a 31 de maio de 2017. Resultados De uma amostra de 84 pacientes, 12.29% apresentaram uma pontuação para a CIVD, na análise estatística e na relação não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as mulheres com CIVD presente e ausente (t = 0.978; p = 0.665), nem com a presença positiva de tabagismo (x2 = 1.337, p = 0.210) ou alcoolismo (x2 = 0.652, p = 0.314). Com predomínio de idade de 17 a 37 anos. Conclusões O uso de uma escala para diagnóstico ou triagem em pacientes obstétricas é um auxiliar para pacientes com CIVD que não se manifesta, uma pontuação maior a cinco está associada à presença da doença. Como rastreio para mulheres com sangramento obstétrico, a escala identificou com maior freqüência a CIVD não-manifestada.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: An early diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) before its progression to an overt stage is necessary for early treatment and positive outcomes. In 2001, the Scientific and Standardization Committee (SCC) of the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) proposed new criteria for the preclinical diagnosis of overt and non-overt DICs. We investigated the clinical usefulness of the modified ISTH criteria for non-overt DIC diagnosis. METHODS: We enrolled 296 DIC patients (170 males and 126 females) admitted and evaluated at the Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, between March 2006 and April 2007. Hemostatic tests, including platelet counts, prothrombin time (PT), D-dimer levels with antithrombin, and protein-C levels, were evaluated by excluding negative scores with clinical signs, in which more than 5 points of interest denoted non-overt DIC. Mortality rates were also evaluated. RESULTS: There were 289 patients with increased D-dimer levels and significant parametric changes suggesting DIC progression. Protein C and antithrombin levels were lower (99.2% each) and appeared earlier in patients with non-overt DIC than in patients with overt DIC. In all, 125 (43.3%) patients had non-overt DIC and, of which 27 died (mortality rate, 21.6%). The sensitivity and specificity for mortality were 73.0% and 55.9%, respectively, which were same as those for the original ISTH criteria. CONCLUSION: The modified ISTH criteria can be used for the early detection of non-overt DIC, and may be useful for the improvement of outcomes of non-overt DIC patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Dacarbazine , Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation , Early Diagnosis , Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products , Hemostasis , Korea , Platelet Count , Protein C , Prothrombin Time , Sensitivity and Specificity , ThrombosisABSTRACT
Objective To study the changes of coagulation and fibrinolysis in rabbit model of non-overt disseminated intravascular coagulation induced by low-dose endotoxin and therapeutic effects of anticoagulation by heparin.Methods Twelve male rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups,one receiving endotoxin intravenously(10 ?g/kg,n=6),one receiving endotoxin intravenously and 100 U/kg Heparin simultaneously(n=6).The blood sample obtained before experiment was used as control.Coagulation parameters including prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(aPTT),thrombin time(TT),fibrinogen concentration,D-dimers,thrombelastography(TEG)were measured during 6 h after endotoxin induction.Tissue specimens of lungs and kidneys were examined.Results Parameters of coagulation deteriorated significantly in the endotoxin-induced rabbits,but was not altered in heparin-treated rabbits.TEG monitoring in the endotoxin-induced rabbits reflected consumption of clot factors and platelet dysfunction,and hypocoagulation status in heparin-treated rabbits.In endotoxin-induced group,fibrin deposition was found in lungs and kidneys.Conclusion Non-overt disseminated intravascular coagulation induced by low-dose endotoxin in rabbits is improved by heparin.